Objective:To explore the correlation between serum carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) level and pathological differentiation degree of gastric cancer, and to provide reference for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and efficacy monitoring of gastric cancer.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 136 patients with gastric cancer admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from April 2022 to December 2024. According to postoperative pathological diagnosis, patients were divided into well-differentiated group ( n=9), moderately differentiated group ( n=36) and poorly/undifferentiated group ( n=91). Preoperative CA72-4 levels and clinical characteristics of patients were collected to analyze the relationship between differentiation degree and CA72-4 level, and to compare the changes of CA72-4 before and after surgery in gastric cancer patients with different differentiation degrees. Results:The preoperative CA72-4 level in the poorly/undifferentiated group was significantly higher than that in the well-differentiated group and moderately differentiated group (all P<0.001). Preoperative CA72-4 level in gastric cancer patients was weakly negatively correlated with differentiation degree ( R=-0.341). After surgery, the CA72-4 level in the poorly/undifferentiated group decreased significantly compared with that before surgery ( P=0.043), while the changes in the well-differentiated group and moderately differentiated group were not significant. Conclusions:There are significant differences in CA72-4 levels among gastric cancer groups with different differentiation degrees. Preoperative CA72-4, as a tumor marker, is of great significance for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and postoperative monitoring of gastric cancer. Especially in patients with poorly/undifferentiated gastric cancer, the CA72-4 level is relatively high, which can be used for auxiliary diagnosis and formulation of treatment plans.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted, totally laparoscopic, and robotic radical gastrectomy (for total or distal gastrectomy) in real-world practice, clarify the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and provide evidence for clinical surgical selection.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 225 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at the Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2022 to September 2023, including 100 cases of total gastrectomy and 125 cases of distal gastrectomy. Patients were divided into three groups based on the surgical approach: laparoscopic-assisted group, totally laparoscopic group, and robotic group. Perioperative indicators (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected, etc.), inflammatory and nutritional indicators (C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, albumin, etc.), and postoperative recovery indicators (time to oral feeding, time to first flatus, length of hospital stay, etc.) were compared among the three groups.Results:In total gastrectomy, there were statistically significant differences among the three groups in C-reactive protein ( P<0.001), operation time ( P=0.002), time to oral feeding ( P<0.001), and intraoperative blood loss ( P<0.001). In distal gastrectomy, significant differences were observed in C-reactive protein ( P<0.001), operation time ( P<0.001), time to oral feeding ( P=0.002), and length of hospital stay ( P<0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of postoperative complications or the number of lymph nodes dissected among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Each of the three surgical approaches has its own advantages and disadvantages. The laparoscopic-assisted approach has low hardware requirements and shorter hospital stay after distal gastrectomy, making it suitable for widespread application. The robotic approach causes less trauma and milder inflammatory response but has high equipment and maintenance costs, requiring selection based on actual clinical conditions.

Objective:To explore the correlation between serum carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) level and pathological differentiation degree of gastric cancer, and to provide reference for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and efficacy monitoring of gastric cancer.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 136 patients with gastric cancer admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from April 2022 to December 2024. According to postoperative pathological diagnosis, patients were divided into well-differentiated group ( n=9), moderately differentiated group ( n=36) and poorly/undifferentiated group ( n=91). Preoperative CA72-4 levels and clinical characteristics of patients were collected to analyze the relationship between differentiation degree and CA72-4 level, and to compare the changes of CA72-4 before and after surgery in gastric cancer patients with different differentiation degrees. Results:The preoperative CA72-4 level in the poorly/undifferentiated group was significantly higher than that in the well-differentiated group and moderately differentiated group (all P<0.001). Preoperative CA72-4 level in gastric cancer patients was weakly negatively correlated with differentiation degree ( R=-0.341). After surgery, the CA72-4 level in the poorly/undifferentiated group decreased significantly compared with that before surgery ( P=0.043), while the changes in the well-differentiated group and moderately differentiated group were not significant. Conclusions:There are significant differences in CA72-4 levels among gastric cancer groups with different differentiation degrees. Preoperative CA72-4, as a tumor marker, is of great significance for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and postoperative monitoring of gastric cancer. Especially in patients with poorly/undifferentiated gastric cancer, the CA72-4 level is relatively high, which can be used for auxiliary diagnosis and formulation of treatment plans.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted, totally laparoscopic, and robotic radical gastrectomy (for total or distal gastrectomy) in real-world practice, clarify the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and provide evidence for clinical surgical selection.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 225 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at the Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2022 to September 2023, including 100 cases of total gastrectomy and 125 cases of distal gastrectomy. Patients were divided into three groups based on the surgical approach: laparoscopic-assisted group, totally laparoscopic group, and robotic group. Perioperative indicators (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph nodes dissected, etc.), inflammatory and nutritional indicators (C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, albumin, etc.), and postoperative recovery indicators (time to oral feeding, time to first flatus, length of hospital stay, etc.) were compared among the three groups.Results:In total gastrectomy, there were statistically significant differences among the three groups in C-reactive protein ( P<0.001), operation time ( P=0.002), time to oral feeding ( P<0.001), and intraoperative blood loss ( P<0.001). In distal gastrectomy, significant differences were observed in C-reactive protein ( P<0.001), operation time ( P<0.001), time to oral feeding ( P=0.002), and length of hospital stay ( P<0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of postoperative complications or the number of lymph nodes dissected among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Each of the three surgical approaches has its own advantages and disadvantages. The laparoscopic-assisted approach has low hardware requirements and shorter hospital stay after distal gastrectomy, making it suitable for widespread application. The robotic approach causes less trauma and milder inflammatory response but has high equipment and maintenance costs, requiring selection based on actual clinical conditions.

Tablets represent the most widely used oral solid dosage form in the pharmaceutical industry. Puerarin monohydrate (PUEM), a solid form of the natural antihypertensive drug puerarin, is commercially available. However, the low solubility of PUEM poses a significant challenge for the development of its tablet dosage form. In this study, we successfully prepared the sodium chelates of puerarin (PUE-Na·7H₂O) using reactive crystallization techniques. The crystal structure of PUE-Na·7H₂O was analyzed using single crystal technology, which revealed the structural characteristics of its metal chelate. Our thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the formation of PUE-Na·7H₂O involved the simultaneous deprotonation of PUE and the chelation of PUE^- and Na⁺. This reaction process was spontaneous and exothermic (ΔG < 0, ΔH < 0), and reducing the temperature facilitated the formation of the chelate. Nucleation kinetics studies revealed that chelate molecules were more likely to nucleate and crystallize under low temperature, high concentration, and high rotational speed conditions. Compared to commercially available PUEM, PUE-Na·7H₂O showed significantly improved water solubility, with a 33.5-fold increase in solubility and a 37.6-fold decrease in intrinsic dissolution rate. Our study identified drug-sodium chelation as an effective means for improving drug solubility and elucidated the mechanisms governing its formation kinetics and thermodynamics. These findings could provide new solutions for related product development and tremendous commercial opportunities.

Gastrointestinal reconstruction is an important step in radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. This article reviews the digestive tract reconstruction methods of total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, and proximal gastrectomy, and summarizes various functional preservation gastrectomy techniques that have been continuously developed in recent years. Finally, based on the author′s relevant experience, the surgical methods designed in total gastrectomy and distal gastrectomy are introduced.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and therapeutic effect of Roux-en-Y anastomosis through a small incision in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 34 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer through Roux-en-Y anastomosis through small incisions in the Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery Department of the Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from August 2022 to May 2023.Results:Among the 34 patients, there were 27 males and 7 females, aged (63.6±14.6)years old. All cases underwent surgery successfully and there were no cases of conversion to open surgery. The reconstruction time of the digestive tract was (30.74±3.29)minutes, the intraoperative bleeding volume was (60.29±29.59)ml, the intraoperative lymph nodes were cleaned (32.00±11.00), the incision length of the specimen was (5.88±0.98)cm, the postoperative exhaust time was (1.88±0.73)days, and the postoperative hospitalization time was (11.94±3.87)days. There were no postoperative cases of anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stenosis, bleeding, or unplanned reoperation in patients. After a postoperative follow-up of 3-12 months, there were no recurrence or death cases, and no postoperative reflux cases during the follow-up period.Conclusions:Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis through a small incision can effectively reduce postoperative complications, especially the occurrence of postoperative reflux. In addition, this surgical procedure can simplify the surgical steps, shorten the surgical time, promote postoperative recovery, and improve postoperative quality of life.

Objective:To introduce the operation process of laparoscopic total gastrectomy assisted by small incision and gastrointestinal reconstruction using tubular instrument anastomosis in esophageal and small bowel reconstruction, and evaluate its feasibility, safety during perioperative period, and advantages of anastomosis.Methods:A total of 56 patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy assisted by small incision and gastrointestinal reconstruction using tubular instrument anastomosis in esophageal and small bowel reconstruction were selected as study subjects from Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital between May 2022 and June 2023. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), tumor location, tumor stage, tumor type and other related indicators were collected. The main parameters during the operation process were collected, including operation time, anastomosis time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery status, exhaust time, feeding time, complications related to anastomosis, and length of hospital stay. The differences between other digestive tract reconstruction methods such as Overlap method, reverse puncture method, and handmade anastomosis were compared and analyzed.Results:A total of 56 patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. The anastomosis time of the tubular instrument group was (42.3±15.7)min, which was superior to the handmade anastomosis group ( P<0.05). The operation time of the tubular instrument group was (176.3±25.8)min, which was superior to other methods (all P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss of the tubular instrument group was (75.68±20.34)ml, which was less than other methods (all P<0.05). The exhaust time of the tubular instrument group was (2.6±0.2)d, which was similar to the Overlap method ( P>0.05), but earlier than the handmade anastomosis method and the reverse puncture method (all P<0.05). The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the tubular instrument group was similar to the handmade anastomosis method, the reverse puncture method, and the Overlap method (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative hospital stay, incision infection rate, and other complications related to anastomosis between groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The tubular instrument anastomosis method has a shorter operation time and a smaller incision compared to traditional laparotomy surgery. It has the advantages of laparoscopic assistance with intuitive and clear visualization during the operation, while also taking into account the convenience and safety of direct visualization under laparoscopy. It is a surgical method worthy of promotion.

The incidence rate and mortality rate of gastrointestinal malignant tumor are high all over the world, which seriously affects human life and health. With the continuous popularization and deepening of the concept of transformation therapy, many clinical practices, especially some multicenter clinical studies, have proved that there are still opportunities for the treatment of some advanced tumors and can obtain good survival benefits. Moreover, in recent years, a series of changes have taken place in the fields of tumor cognition, surgical technology, diagnosis, chemotherapy and biological immunotherapy, resulting in changes in the choice of tumor treatment. This paper briefly reviews the transformation treatment of advanced gastrointestinal malignant tumors in liver metastasis, lymphatic metastasis and peritoneal metastasis in recent years, in order to make the transformation treatment more scientific and standardized in practice by summarizing the relevant research results at home and abroad.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of enteral nutrition support in the transformation therapy of advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Eighty-two patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by transformation in Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from September 2019 to August 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. 41 patients in the observation group were treated with enteral nutrition support on the basis of routine transformation treatment; 41 patients in the control group received only routine transformation treatment. The nutritional related indexes such as prealbumin, total serum protein and albumin and immune related indexes such as CD4 + , CD8 + , CD4 + /CD8 + were detected before treatment and on the 7th day after the end of 3-cycle transformation treatment, and the above indexes and transformation success rate of the two groups were compared. Results:There was no significant difference in prealbumin, total serum protein, albumin, CD4 + , CD8 + , CD4 + /CD8 + between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05). On the 7th day after three cycles of transformation treatment, the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with significant difference (all P<0.05). The success rate of transformation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The rational use of enteral nutrition support in the transformation treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer can significantly improve the nutritional status and immune function of patients, increase the tolerance to chemotherapy and improve the success rate of transformation.