Background Pneumoconiosis remains a critical occupational disease in China. As a major industrial province, Hebei historically faced severe challenges regarding this condition. The 1986 national epidemiological survey ranked Hebei sixth in reported pneumoconiosis cases nationwide. Objective To analyze 76 years of pneumoconiosis data (1949–2024) in Hebei Province to provide evidence-based support for prevention and control strategies. Methods Occupational pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed in Hebei from 1949 to 2024 were included. Five-year intervals were used to analyze incidence composition, dust exposure duration, age at first diagnosis, and age at death. A hybrid model, integrating autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) with generalized regression neural network (GRNN), was employed to predict case numbers for the 2025−2030 period. Results A total of 36107 cases of pneumoconiosis were recorded (2.10% female) in Hebei from 1949 to 2024. Stages I, II, and III accounted for 77.35%, 16.45%, and 6.20%, respectively. Silicosis (55.60%), coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (27.24%), and pottery workers’ pneumoconiosis (8.88%) were the predominant types. Observed trends included a shortened dust exposure duration [silicosis: (12.78±7.063) years in 2020–2024] and an increasing age at first diagnosis [(54.01±7.499) years in 2020–2024]. The case-fatality rate was 14.84%, with a rising age at death [(82.26±9.632) years in 2015–2019]. Three incidence peaks (1963, 1984, and 2014) correlated with national policies and industrialization phases. The number of pneumoconiosis cases showed a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2024. Chengde and Tangshan were identified as current high-risk areas. The ARIMA-GRNN model projected annual cases between 416 and 429 during 2025–2030. Conclusion In the past decade，the number of pneumoconiosis cases in Hebei Province had shown a decreasing trend, it is projected to plateau with no significant decline over the next five years. Furthermore, challenges such as the proportion of silicosis remaining high and shortened dust exposure duration remain severe. It is recommended to focus on key regions like Chengde (ore mining) and Tangshan (ceramics industry). A comprehensive strategy integrating stricter regulation, technological controls, model innovation, and targeted interventions should be implemented to achieve a further substantial reduction in pneumoconiosis incidence.

Background Pneumoconiosis remains a critical occupational disease in China. As a major industrial province, Hebei historically faced severe challenges regarding this condition. The 1986 national epidemiological survey ranked Hebei sixth in reported pneumoconiosis cases nationwide. Objective To analyze 76 years of pneumoconiosis data (1949–2024) in Hebei Province to provide evidence-based support for prevention and control strategies. Methods Occupational pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed in Hebei from 1949 to 2024 were included. Five-year intervals were used to analyze incidence composition, dust exposure duration, age at first diagnosis, and age at death. A hybrid model, integrating autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) with generalized regression neural network (GRNN), was employed to predict case numbers for the 2025−2030 period. Results A total of 36107 cases of pneumoconiosis were recorded (2.10% female) in Hebei from 1949 to 2024. Stages I, II, and III accounted for 77.35%, 16.45%, and 6.20%, respectively. Silicosis (55.60%), coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (27.24%), and pottery workers’ pneumoconiosis (8.88%) were the predominant types. Observed trends included a shortened dust exposure duration [silicosis: (12.78±7.063) years in 2020–2024] and an increasing age at first diagnosis [(54.01±7.499) years in 2020–2024]. The case-fatality rate was 14.84%, with a rising age at death [(82.26±9.632) years in 2015–2019]. Three incidence peaks (1963, 1984, and 2014) correlated with national policies and industrialization phases. The number of pneumoconiosis cases showed a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2024. Chengde and Tangshan were identified as current high-risk areas. The ARIMA-GRNN model projected annual cases between 416 and 429 during 2025–2030. Conclusion In the past decade，the number of pneumoconiosis cases in Hebei Province had shown a decreasing trend, it is projected to plateau with no significant decline over the next five years. Furthermore, challenges such as the proportion of silicosis remaining high and shortened dust exposure duration remain severe. It is recommended to focus on key regions like Chengde (ore mining) and Tangshan (ceramics industry). A comprehensive strategy integrating stricter regulation, technological controls, model innovation, and targeted interventions should be implemented to achieve a further substantial reduction in pneumoconiosis incidence.

Objective To analyze the effects of adalimumab treatment on serum micro ribonucleic acid-141(miR-141),micro ribonucleic acid-335-5p(miR-335-5p),and bone metabolism indexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA),and to provide a basis for the rational development of clinical treatment plans.Methods 82 cases of patients with RA admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to March 2024 were selected as study subjects,and they were divided into the methotrexate group(41 cases)and the adalimumab group(41 cases)by randomized numerical table method.The methotrexate group was treated with methotrexate tablets orally,and the adalimumab group was treated with adalimumab injection subcutaneously on the basis of methotrexate group,and both groups continued the treatment for 3 months.The efficacy after 3 months of treatment,symptom improvement and adverse reactions during the treatment period were counted;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected the levels of inflammatory response,serum ACPA,RF and bone metabolism indexes before and after 3 months of treatment;and fluorescence quantitative PCR assay detected serum miR-141,miR-335-5p before and after 3 months of treatment.Results The total effective rate after 3 months of treatment was higher in the adalimumab group(90.24％)than in the methotrexate group(73.17％)(P＜0.05).Compared with before treatment,the duration of morning stiffness was shorter in both groups after 3 months of treatment,and it was shorter in the adalimumab group than in the methotrexate group(P＜0.05);pressure pain,number of swollen joints,scores of visual analog score(VAS),28 joints disease activity(DAS28),levels of serum interleukin-22(IL-22),interleukin-17(IL-17),C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),miR-141,anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody(ACPA),rheumatoid factor(RF)decreased in both groups,and decreased in the adalimumab group compared with the methotrexate group(P＜0.05);levels of serum miR-335-5p,25 hydroxyvitamin D,osteocalcin(BGP),osteocalcin N-terminal intermediate molecular fragment(N-MID),and bone alkaline phosphatase(B-ALP)were elevated in both groups,and increased in the adalimumab group compared with the methotrexate group(P＜0.05).The overall incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was lower in the adalimumab group(7.32％)than in the methotrexate group(24.39％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Adalimumab could regulate the levels of inflammatory response indicators,serum miR-141,miR-335-5p,ACPA,RF,and bone metabolism indicators in patients with RA,and promote the improvement of symptoms,which in turn contributes to the improvement of therapeutic efficacy and had a high safety profile.

Thousands of variant gene sequences of SARS-CoV-2 have been emerged since the COVID-19 epidemic broke out in Dec.2019.Alpha(B.1.1.7),Beta(B.1.351),Gamma(P.1),Delta(B.1.617.2)and Omicron(B.1.1.529)were the most representative variants.With the continuous emergence of new variants,the predomi-nant strain in the global pandemic as of Jan.2025 is the Omicron BA.2.86-derived mutant,JN.1.The effectiveness of drugs against Omicron variants remains a key research focus in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections.The infectiousness and pathogenicity of the variants altered remarkably due to mutations in the genome on S protein of the mutant strains,and these emerging variants are more likely to evade immunity and were more infectious than the previous prevalent variants.During the process of combating with the constantly emerging novel variants,drugs showed various effects on treatment of diseases caused by different variants.New drugs and treatment coun-termeasures are constantly updated with the prevalence of various variants.The current status of research on pres-ent drugs for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and the therapeutic effects on emerging variants are reviewed in the article so as to provide reference for prevention and treatment of the upcoming evolved variants.

Paclitaxel， a highly effective natural antitumor drug， has been demonstrated to be efficacious in the treatment of a variety of cancers， including breast cancer， ovarian cancer， and lung cancer. The traditional paclitaxel injections have been observed to present certain issues， including overt adverse reactions and a decline in the quality of life of patients following treatment. This ultimately leads to an inability to meet the comprehensive needs of patients， thereby limiting the clinical applications of the drugs. Compared with injectable administration， the oral administration can avoid the risk of infection present in the invasive route， is conducive to improving patient compliance and quality of life， and reduces healthcare costs， and has a good application prospect. However， paclitaxel has low solubility， poor permeability， and is susceptible to the exocytosis of P-glycoprotein， which presents a significant challenge in the development of its oral preparations. Novel drug delivery technologies can enhance the solubility of paclitaxel and facilitate its controlled release， which is beneficial for the oral absorption and efficacy. The paper reviews the development history of oral preparations of paclitaxel， and summarizes the delivery technologies such as polymer micelles， nanoparticles， nanoemulsions and nanocrystals， and discusses the application mechanisms， advantages and limitations of these technologies and their adaptability in different cancer treatments. Finally， the challenges faced in the development of oral preparations of paclitaxel are summarized， and future research directions are proposed in order to provide new ideas for the development of oral delivery of paclitaxel.

Paclitaxel， a highly effective natural antitumor drug， has been demonstrated to be efficacious in the treatment of a variety of cancers， including breast cancer， ovarian cancer， and lung cancer. The traditional paclitaxel injections have been observed to present certain issues， including overt adverse reactions and a decline in the quality of life of patients following treatment. This ultimately leads to an inability to meet the comprehensive needs of patients， thereby limiting the clinical applications of the drugs. Compared with injectable administration， the oral administration can avoid the risk of infection present in the invasive route， is conducive to improving patient compliance and quality of life， and reduces healthcare costs， and has a good application prospect. However， paclitaxel has low solubility， poor permeability， and is susceptible to the exocytosis of P-glycoprotein， which presents a significant challenge in the development of its oral preparations. Novel drug delivery technologies can enhance the solubility of paclitaxel and facilitate its controlled release， which is beneficial for the oral absorption and efficacy. The paper reviews the development history of oral preparations of paclitaxel， and summarizes the delivery technologies such as polymer micelles， nanoparticles， nanoemulsions and nanocrystals， and discusses the application mechanisms， advantages and limitations of these technologies and their adaptability in different cancer treatments. Finally， the challenges faced in the development of oral preparations of paclitaxel are summarized， and future research directions are proposed in order to provide new ideas for the development of oral delivery of paclitaxel.

Background:Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common clinical gastrointestinal emergency with a high mortality rate.Intestinal dysfunction is one of the common complications of AP and can aggravate the disease condition.Therefore,early and accurate assessment of the disease severity and intestinal dysfunction of AP is of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients.Aims:To investigate the correlation of early serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),C-reactive protein(CRP),endotoxin(ET),D-lactic acid(D-LA),and diamine oxidase(DAO)with disease severity and intestinal dysfunction in AP patients.Methods:A total of 52 AP patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from September 2023 to September 2024 were enrolled,and 10 healthy individuals recruited during the same period were served as the control group.AP patients were classified into mild acute pancreatitis(MAP),moderately severe acute pancreatitis(MSAP)and severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)groups according to the severity of the disease.Intestinal function was evaluated using the acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI)grading system.ELISA was used to detect the early serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO,and the correlation of these indicators with the severity of AP and AGI grade were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results:Serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO in the MAP,MSAP,and SAP groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05);serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO in the MSAP group were significantly higher than those in the MAP group(all P<0.05);serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the MAP and MSAP groups(all P<0.05).Compared with AGI grade 0-Ⅰ subjects,serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO in patients with AGI grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly increased(all P<0.05).Compared with AGI grade Ⅱ patients,serum D-LA level in patients with AGI grade Ⅲ was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with AGI grade Ⅲ patients,serum D-LA level in patients with AGI grade Ⅳ was significantly increased(P<0.05).Serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO were positively correlated with the severity of AP and AGI grade(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Early serum levels of IL-1β,CRP,ET,D-LA,and DAO in AP patients are significantly increased and closely related to the disease severity and intestinal dysfunction.

Objective To analyze the effects of adalimumab treatment on serum micro ribonucleic acid-141(miR-141),micro ribonucleic acid-335-5p(miR-335-5p),and bone metabolism indexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA),and to provide a basis for the rational development of clinical treatment plans.Methods 82 cases of patients with RA admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to March 2024 were selected as study subjects,and they were divided into the methotrexate group(41 cases)and the adalimumab group(41 cases)by randomized numerical table method.The methotrexate group was treated with methotrexate tablets orally,and the adalimumab group was treated with adalimumab injection subcutaneously on the basis of methotrexate group,and both groups continued the treatment for 3 months.The efficacy after 3 months of treatment,symptom improvement and adverse reactions during the treatment period were counted;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected the levels of inflammatory response,serum ACPA,RF and bone metabolism indexes before and after 3 months of treatment;and fluorescence quantitative PCR assay detected serum miR-141,miR-335-5p before and after 3 months of treatment.Results The total effective rate after 3 months of treatment was higher in the adalimumab group(90.24％)than in the methotrexate group(73.17％)(P＜0.05).Compared with before treatment,the duration of morning stiffness was shorter in both groups after 3 months of treatment,and it was shorter in the adalimumab group than in the methotrexate group(P＜0.05);pressure pain,number of swollen joints,scores of visual analog score(VAS),28 joints disease activity(DAS28),levels of serum interleukin-22(IL-22),interleukin-17(IL-17),C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),miR-141,anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody(ACPA),rheumatoid factor(RF)decreased in both groups,and decreased in the adalimumab group compared with the methotrexate group(P＜0.05);levels of serum miR-335-5p,25 hydroxyvitamin D,osteocalcin(BGP),osteocalcin N-terminal intermediate molecular fragment(N-MID),and bone alkaline phosphatase(B-ALP)were elevated in both groups,and increased in the adalimumab group compared with the methotrexate group(P＜0.05).The overall incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was lower in the adalimumab group(7.32％)than in the methotrexate group(24.39％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Adalimumab could regulate the levels of inflammatory response indicators,serum miR-141,miR-335-5p,ACPA,RF,and bone metabolism indicators in patients with RA,and promote the improvement of symptoms,which in turn contributes to the improvement of therapeutic efficacy and had a high safety profile.

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation, while the mechanism of m⁶A in regulating mitosis remains underexplored. Here, we found that the total m⁶A modification level in cells increased during mitosis by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and m⁶A dot blot assays. Silencing methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) or METTL14 results in delayed mitosis, abnormal spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation defects by the immunofluorescence. By analyzing transcriptome-wide m⁶A targets in HeLa cells, we identified polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as a key gene modified by m⁶A in regulating mitosis. Specifically, through immunoblotting and RNA pulldown, m⁶A modification inhibits PLK1 translation via YTH N⁶-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1, thus mediating cell cycle homeostasis. Demethylation of PLK1 mRNA leads to significant mitotic abnormalities. These findings highlight the critical role of m⁶A in regulating mitosis and the potential of m⁶A as a therapeutic target in proliferative diseases such as cancer.
Humans ; Polo-Like Kinase 1 ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism* ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Mitosis/physiology* ; HeLa Cells ; Adenosine/genetics* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism*

Abstract Breastfeeding has an irreplaceable effect on the growth and development of premature infants and the reduction of complications during hospitalization. In recent years, with the opening of China′s birth policy, the incidence of premature babies has increased, and the corresponding complications have also gradually increased. Breast milk not only carries a rich supply of nutrients, including rich proteins, lipids, sugars to support the normal growth and development of infants, but also contains a large number of immunoglobulins, hormones and other bioactive substances to promote the improvement of body immune function and the development of nervous system. In recent years, many studies have been carried out on the current situation of breast milk operation in breast milk bank, the collection and influencing factors of breast milk, the strategies of breast milk enrichment and its effects on the growth and development of premature infants and complications. Therefore, breast-feeding and intensive breast-feeding can effectively promote the growth and development of premature infants, and reduce the occurrence of complications.