Objective To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of dysphagia and aspiration in the elderly in nursing home in Weifang, Shandong, China.Methods From January to June, 2021, 837 elderly people from 10 nursing homes in Weifang were randomly selected and investigated with general situation questionnaire, Fried Frailty Phenotype, Ohkuma questionnaire and Volume-Viscosity Swallowing Test.Results The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was 44.2% and 12.3% respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence of dysphagia among ages and health condition (χ2 > 8.437, P<0.05). The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was higher in men than in women (χ2 > 4.060, P < 0.05). The incidence of oral dysphagia was higher in men than in women, and the incidence of esophageal dysphagia was lower (χ2 > 20.830, P<0.001). Oral dysphagia was predominant in the elderly with stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease (χ2=27.579, P<0.001), and esophageal dysphagia and airway protection dysfunction were predominant in the elderly with chronic respiratory disease (χ2 > 20.241, P<0.01).Conclusion The dysphagia and aspiration are prevalent in the elderly in nursing homes, and varies with different genders and basic diseases.

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although discovered > 40 years ago, little attention has been paid to this pathogen from both scientific and public communities. However, effectively combating hepatitis D requires advanced scientific knowledge and joint efforts from multi-stakeholders. In this review, we emphasized the recent advances in HDV virology, epidemiology, clinical feature, treatment, and prevention. We not only highlighted the remaining challenges but also the opportunities that can move the field forward.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis D/epidemiology* ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/genetics* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology* ; Liver Neoplasms/complications*

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of severe adenovirus pneumonia with bacterial infection in children, so as to provide clinical evidences for early diagnosis and reliable treatment.Methods:A total of 72 pediatric cases with severe adenovirus pneumonia admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at the First People′s Hospital of Chenzhou from January 2018 to August 2019 were included.The clinical features, laboratory and imaging data, efficacy of the treatments and prognosis were investigated retrospectively.Patients were divided into with bacterial infection group and without bacterial infection group.The clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results:Among the 72 children, there were 54 males and 18 females, aging from 3 months to 5 years, including 37cases with bacterial infection and 35 cases without bacterial infection.Compared with the group without bacterial infection, the group with bacterial infection had longer heat duration and hospital stay [12.0 (10.0, 18.5) days vs.10.0 (9.0, 12.0) days; 6.0(4.0, 7.0) days vs.11.0(6.5, 16.0) days, P<0.05], the incidences of diarrhea and hepatomegaly were higher[35.1% (13/37) vs.14.3%(5/35); 45.9%(17/37)vs.8.6%(3/35), P<0.05], the proportion of five lobes involved in lung imaging was higher [91.8% (34/37) vs. 57.1%(20/35), P<0.05]. The incidences of complications with respiratory failure, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans in the group with bacterial infection were significantly higher than those of without bacterial infection group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For children under 2 years old age with severe adenovirus pneumonia, there are prolonged high fever and extensive pulmonary lesions.We should be highly alert to the combination of bacterial infection and timely anti-infection therapy.Children with severe adenovirus pneumonia with bacterial infection have severe clinical manifestations and many complications with respiratory failure, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans.

Objective To compare a novel mirror-overlap method with the traditional manual measurement and the subjective assessment in assessing breast symmetry after oncoplastic surgery.Methods 59 patients with breast cancer who underwent conservation/reconstruction surgery were recruited.The post-operative assessment for breast symmetry was conducted using manual measurement,subjective assessment by the patient,their family member and a nurse,and the mirror-overlap method respectively.The latter method involved using the Photoshop to assess the area differences in breast outlines and shadows created by a flashlight when bilateral images were overlapped in the axis of midline.Results The distance differences between bilateral breasts measured using manual method were negatively correlated with symmetric coefficients in the mirror-overlap method (P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between the average scores in the subjective assessment and symmetric coefficients of mirror-overlap method (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mirror-overlap method is an easy,feasible and cheap method which collects 3D breast information and provides an effective approach to assess breast symmetry after oncoplastic surgery.

Burn rehabilitation in China started from compression therapy in the mid-1970s, which showed the dual effects of prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars. It not only promoted functional rehabilitation but also strengthened the confidence of patients in rehabilitation treatment. Thereafter, more therapies were brought into practice, such as intra-scar injection of triamcinolone acetonide, application of plastic splints, hydrotherapy, exercises with equipment, skin care, local therapeutic massage, active and passive exercises, as well as external use of drugs for inhibiting scars and pigments. Since the beginning of the 21st century, rehabilitation therapies have been gradually increasing. Psychological rehabilitation, occupational therapy, external use of silicone gel, wax therapy and sound, light, electricity, and radiation therapy have been carried out. Many hospitals have established foundations and held summer camps for children. As far as the whole country is concerned, compared with the huge demand, we still face a number of problems such as shortage of working staff, limited working space, capital chain rupture, lack of multi-disciplinary cooperation, untimely treatment, and incomplete rehabilitation. Nowadays, with increasing knowledge of burn rehabilitation and number of practitioners, improvement of equipment and economic situation, the pace of rehabilitation has accelerated, and the overall implementation of burn rehabilitation therapy has shown great vitality. Patients with burn injury involving over 80% total burn surface area (TBSA) of total burn area or full-thickness burn over 60% TBSA were cured and recovered in different levels of hospitals nationwide, which not only reflects the superb level of burn treatment in China but also reflects the overall improvement of rehabilitation level of the country.

Emphysema is a chronic progressive disease characterized by abnormal terminal bronchioles. Patients in end-stage have limited treatment. Lung volume reduction surgery(LVRS) is to remove the non-functional emphysematous lung tissue with the aim of palliating symptoms in selected patient with severe emphysema. It provides a new therapeutic method for emphysema. When LVRS is widely accepted after 1990s, a large number of institutions carried out the researches on surgical approaches, perioperative mortality, long-term efficacy and complications. Its targeted beneficial patients and surgical safety had been confirmed too. Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) successfully carried out on the basis of the development of LVRS and bronchoscopy. This article reviews the surgical approaches, safety and efficacy of LVRS and BLVR in patients with emphysema.

Objective: To compare the safety and efifcacy of rivaroxaban and warfarin for treating the patients with left ventricular thrombus. Methods: A total of 31 patients with left ventricular thrombus were studied, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:Warfarin group, n=16, the patients initially received oral warfarin and low molecular weight heparin at (2.5-3) mg/day, when the INR value reached 2.0-3.0, heparin was stopped and warfarin was continued, the INR value was monitored every 3 days for 3 times, when INR value was stably kept at 2.0-3.0, it was then monitored for every 2 weeks. Rivaroxaban group,n=15, the patients received oral rivaroxaban at 10 mg twice a day. All patients were followed-up for 3 months, the thrombus remission time, new onset of thrombosis, embolism and bleeding events during treatment period were compared between 2 groups. Results: The patients’ age, gender, complication, size of thrombus and medication were similar between 2 groups. Compared with Warfarin group, Rivaroxaban group had the shorter thrombus remission time, (60.00±5.50)d vs (71.00±8.50) d,P<0.01, while the new onset of thrombosis and embolism events as cerebral embolism and systemic embolism were similar between 2 groups, Warfarin group had slightly higher bleeding events, allP>0.05. Conclusion: Rivaroxaban had better effect than warfarin for treating the patients with left ventricular thrombus without increasing the risk of bleeding.

Objective:To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin and lfuvastatin on patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) combing impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Methods: A total of 215 consecutive ACS patients combing IGT treated in our hospital from 2009-05 to 2011-05 were studied. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, Rosuvastatin group, the patients received rosuvastatin10mg/day, n=108 and Fluvastatin group, the patients received fluvastatin 40mg/day, n=107. The total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels before and at 6, 12, 24 months after medication, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPBG) and the number of new-onset of diabetes patients were compared between 2 groups.
Results: After treatment, the TC, LDL-C levels were decreased (6, 12, 24 months) and the HDL-C level (12, 24 months), 2hPBG (24 months) were increased in both groups. Compared with Fluvastatin group, Rosuvastatin group had decreased TC and LDL-C (6, 12, 24 months), and increased LDL-C (24 months). With 6, 12, 24 months treatment, the blood lipids reached the standard were more in Rosuvastatin group than those in Fluvastatin group as 35.3%vs 26.1%, 36.4% vs 22.0%, 43.1% vs 31.8% respectively, all P<0.05. With 12 and 24 months treatment, the new-onset diabetes patients in Rosuvastatin group were 11 and 18, in Fluvastatin group were 12 and 17. With 12, 24 months treatment, FBG, 2hPBG levels and the number of new-onset diabetes patients were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05.
Conclusion: Compared with lfuvastatin, the conventional dose of rosuvastatin could better reduce the blood lipids level in ACS patients combing IGT, the effects for preventing ACS patients from IGT to diabetes were similar for both drugs.

To observe the incidence of varicella vaccine after breaking through the case of varicella vaccine , immunization strategy ,popularized in the city.Inoculation Population living in the Binhai New Area of full age to 12 years old children in December,has been vaccinated or who have had chickenpox varicella vaccine except .Controls were four districts around the city girls without varicella in children.Methods: Implementation of vaccination for the target population.All vaccinees was observed from 42 days to 2 and a half years later ,the incidence of varicella break cases.In the observation group and the control group was observed in two groups of varicella vaccine protection rate calculation.Results: The gelatin free attenuated varicella vaccine breakthrough in 134 cases,the incidence rate was 0.35%;no gelatin attenuated varicella vaccine protection rate of 80.92%, with domestic and foreign reports consistent.Conclusion:After vaccination from 42 to 2 and a half years ,varicella vaccine can effectively protect children from the onset, while reducing the prevalence of children 's pain and the economic burden of the family.Varicella vaccine is still a breakthrough occurred ,therefore to consider two inoculations ,with further observation of two times after inoculation the body to produce antibody level and epidemiological protection effect.

For the purpose of stabilizing and enhancing the clinical effect, the author suggested that it should develop the key technology of integrated innovation research such as origin producing area processing technology, medicinal parts and energy-saving rapid drying technology, process control technology, quality evaluation key technology, packaging and bar code identification technology to establish the quality assurance system of processed Chinese medicine, which is the key to ensure the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control ; Technology, Pharmaceutical