Objective To study the correlation between Periostin, interleukin-33 (IL-33), and chronic cough after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) combined with lung cancer. Methods A total of 102 lung cancer and coronary heart disease patients at Tianjin Chest Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were prospectively enrolled, and they were divided into a chronic cough group (n=42) and a non-chronic cough group (n=60) based on whether chronic cough occurred after surgery. Serum levels of Periostin and IL-33 were measured on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days post-lobectomy. The Pearson method was employed to analyze the correlation between Periostin and IL-33 levels and the severity of cough. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the occurrence of chronic cough. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to assess the potential value of serum Periostin and IL-33 levels in predicting postoperative chronic cough. Results In patients with chronic cough, the peripheral blood Periostin and IL-33 levels measured on days 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in patients with non-chronic cough, and the interactions between the two groups and at different time points were significant (P<0.001). The degree of cough was positively correlated with the levels of Periostin and IL-33 on days 7 and 14 (P<0.05), but had no significant correlation with the levels on day 1 (P>0.05). In patients with lung cancer, after thoracoscopic lobectomy, Periostin [OR=1.619, 95%CI (1.295, 2.025)] and IL-33 [OR=1.831, 95%CI (1.216, 2.758)] on day 7 and Periostin [OR=1.952, 95%CI (1.306, 2.918)] and IL-33 [OR=1.742, 95%CI (1.166, 2.603)] on day 14 were identified as risk factors for chronic cough. ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of Periostin on day 7 was 69.05%, the specificity was 71.67%, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.756 [95%CI (0.616, 0.893)]. The sensitivity of Periostin on day 14 increased to 71.43% and the specificity was 76.67%, AUC was 0.762 [95%CI (0.633, 0.898)]. At the same time, the critical value of IL-33 on day 7 was 45.03 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were both 83.33%, the AUC was 0.884 [95%CI (0.789, 0.980)], and the critical value of IL-33 on day 14 was 56.01 pg/mL, the sensitivity was 85.71%, the specificity was 80.00%, and the AUC was 0.899 [95%CI (0.799, 0.999)]. Joint logistic regression analysis of Periostin and IL-33 levels on days 7 and 14 showed showed that the sensitivity was 95.24%, the specificity was 95.00%, and the AUC reached 0.993 [95%CI (0.979, 1.000)]. Conclusion Periostin and IL-33 levels, measured at various time points, are abnormally elevated following thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with combined CABG and lung cancer. These levels significantly correlate with cough severity. Given their predictive potential for chronic cough, these markers are deemed valuable biomarkers.

Central memory T (Tcm) cells are a crucial subset in T cell development, playing an important role in long-term immune responses. Tcm cells exhibit strong proliferative capacity, long-term survival characteristics, and re-activation potential, enabling them to rapidly differentiate into effector T cells (Teff) upon antigen re-exposure, thus providing robust immune protection. The function of Tcm cells is regulated by various factors, including antigen exposure, cytokines, and metabolic conditions. A deeper understanding of their metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms under different pathological conditions will contribute to the development of more precise and effective immunotherapeutic strategies. This review elaborates on the origin and characteristics of Tcm cells, as well as their roles in antiviral responses, tumor immunity, and immunotherapy.
Humans ; Memory T Cells/cytology* ; Animals ; Immunologic Memory ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Immunotherapy

Objective:To explore the effect of preoperative intensive functional training on the balance and functional recovery of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) receiving total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:Sixty KOA patients were randomly divided into an outpatient group, a home-based group and a control group, each of 20. Before their TKAs, both the outpatient and home-based groups underwent intensive functional training for 4 weeks, while the control group did nothing special. After the TKA, all received 4 weeks of standardized postoperative rehabilitation training. Before any training, after the 4 weeks of preoperative training and 4 weeks after the TKAs, all of the subjects performed the timed up and go test (TUGT), and their joint range of motion (ROM) was recorded. They also completed the 30-second chair stand strength test (30sCST), and the 6-minute walk exercise endurance test (6MWT). KOA osteoarthritis indices (WOMACs) were also recorded.Results:After the 4 weeks of preoperative training, significant differences were observed in the trajectory length, elliptical area and TUGT times of both the outpatient and home-based groups. Four weeks after the TKAs, significant differences were observed in all of the measurements in all three groups, but the results of the outpatient and home-based groups were significantly better than those of the control group, on average. After the 4 weeks of postoperative training, there were significant differences between the outpatient and home-based groups in terms of the average knee flexion angle, knee extension angle, 30sCST and 6MWT results. There were significant differences among the 3 groups in all of the measurements 4 weeks after the TKAs, with those of the two training groups showing significantly better results than the control group. The pain scores, stiffness scores, function scores and total WOMAC scores had improved significantly compared with the control group, but the average function and total WOMAC scores of the outpatient group (24.25±2.38) and (35.41±3.02) were then significantly superior to the home-based group′s averages.Conclusions:Intensive preoperative functional training conducted in an outpatient clinic or at home can significantly improve the balance, lower limb strength, exercise endurance and symptoms of KOA patients after TKA.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab combined with bevacizumab in the second-line treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma(MPM).Methods:This was a longitudinal study. Patients with MPM who had progressed after first-line treatment and were admitted to the Day-Care Outpatient Department of Medical Oncology, Ningguo People′s Hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 were included. General clinical data of the patients were collected at baseline. The patients were treated with the second-line treatment regimen of sintilimab (200 mg)+bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) on a 21-day cycle. Enhanced CT scans were performed every 3 cycles to evaluate the efficacy until tumor progression or death. Follow-up period ended in December 2023. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Efficacy was evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), and the best response of each patient was recorded. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were calculated. Adverse reactions were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), ranging from grade Ⅰto Ⅳ. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze PFS and OS, and survival times were expressed as median values.Results:A total of 23 MPM patients were included, with the mean age of (55.04±13.27)years, 15 males, 8 females, 19 cases of epithelial type and 4 cases of non-epithelial type. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores were 0-1 in 12 patients and 2 in 11 patients. There were 17 smokers and 6 non-smokers, 12 cases with PD-L1 positive and 11 cases with PD-L1 negative, and 6 cases with anti-angiogenic drugs and 17 cases without using anti-angiogenic drugs in the first-line treatment. Of the 23 patients, 1 achieved complete response (CR), 9 achieved partial response (PR), 7 had stable disease (SD), and 6 had progressive disease (PD). The ORR and DCR of the enrolled patients were 43.5% (10/23) and 73.9% (17/23), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the PFS of the enrolled patients was 7.50 (95% CI: 5.47-9.54) months, and the OS was 12.50 (95% CI: 1.07-23.93) months. The most common adverse reactions related to the treatment of sintilimab combined with bevacizumab were hypertension (14 cases (60.9%)), fatigue (10 cases (43.5%)), decreased appetite (8 cases (34.8%)), proteinuria (6 cases (26.1%)), pruritus (5 cases (21.7%)), constipation (4 cases (17.4%)) and nausea (3 cases (13.0%)), etc. Only 9 patients had grade Ⅲ adverse reactions (8 cases of hypertension and 1 case of nausea), and only 1 patient had grade Ⅳ adverse reaction (hypertension). Conclusion:Sintilimab combined with bevacizumab has some therapeutic effects on progressive MPM, and the adverse reactions are relatively mild.

Objective:To investigate the effect of progressive resistance training on inflammatory markers, motor function and quality of life in the elderly after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 46 elderly patients aged≥60 years who underwent total knee arthroplasty in the Affiliated Hospital 6 of Nantong University from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group by computer random number method (23 cases in each group). The control group received routine rehabilitation management intervention, progressive resistance training was added to the experimental group on the basis of the control group, and all patients were intervened for 4 weeks. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (30sCST), Knee Society Score (KSS), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Form Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) scores were measured at 1 day before operation, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation, and were compared respectively.Results:At 2 and 4 weeks after operation, the levels of IL-6 [(22.44±2.17) and (9.91±1.41) pg/ml], CRP[(19.61±2.20) and (3.17±0.40) mg/L] and ESR[(44.85±3.78) and (28.28±3.31) mm/1 h] in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group [IL-6: (24.65±1.77) and (11.35±1.67) pg/ml, CRP: (23.24±2.69) and (4.15±0.45) mg/L and ESR: (48.54±3.66) and (34.60±2.98) mm/1 h](all P<0.05). At 2 and 4 weeks after operation, the 30sCST[(9.87±0.92) and (11.83±1.03) times], clinical scores of KSS[(48.44±3.13) and (71.09±3.30) points], functional scores of KSS[(40.44±3.96) and (69.35±4.07) points] in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group [30sCST: (9.30±0.70) and (10.52±0.79) times, clinical scores of KSS: (46.17±2.86) and (67.00±2.89) points, functional scores of KSS: (38.91±3.68) and (66.30±5.05) points](all P<0.05). At 2 weeks after operation, the scores of physical health, mental health and social relations in the WHOQOL-BREF of the experimental group [(16.96±1.02), (17.96±1.46) and (6.74±0.62) points], which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(16.09±1.08), (17.14±1.12), (6.44±0.51) points](all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the environmental condition score between the two groups. At 4 weeks after operation, the scores of physical health, mental health, social relations and environmental conditions in WHOQOL-BREF of the experimental group [(22.09±1.81), (22.17±2.19), (12.09±1.28) and (33.91±2.26) points] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(19.65±1.80), (20.39±1.95), (10.17±1.30), (31.96±2.51) points] (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Progressive resistance training can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in the elderly after total knee arthroplasty, enhance lower limb muscle strength and knee joint function, and improve the quality of life.

Objective:To describe the incidence trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among the elderly in China from 2002 to 2021, estimate age-period-cohort (APC) effects, and predict future trends.Methods:Data on elderly IBD incidence and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) from 2002 to 2021 were extracted from the global burden of disease study 2021 database. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) evaluated ASIR trends. APC and Bayesian APC (BAPC) models were used to analyze effects and predict incidence from 2022 to 2031. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by applying alternative hyperprior values (a=1, b=0.0005) to assess model stability.Results:From 2002 to 2021, ASIR increased from 0.186 per 100, 000 to 0.272 per 100, 000 (EAPC = 2.234%, 95% CI: 1.715%-2.756%). Age effects showed a downward-then-upward trend in males and a decline in females, with peak incidence at 60-<64 years. Period effects increased steadily in males, while females showed an initial rise followed by a decline. Cohort effects rose and then declined with successive birth cohorts. Projections suggest ASIR will continue to rise through 2031. Sensitivity analysis showed ASIR trends closely matched the main model, indicating robustness. Conclusion:The burden of IBD among older adults in China is increasing. Strengthened prevention, health education, and lifestyle promotion for those aged 60-<70 are recommended.

To summarize the clinical practice of continuous medical service for patients at Shanghai Children′s Medical Center, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from September 2023 to December 2024, following the approval of its extended care qualification. This study utilized a mixed-methods research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative study included a total of 117 subjects, with an age range of 18 to 35 years, an average age of 21.56 years, and a median age of 19 years; there were 59 males and 58 females. The disease types covered four major categories: childhood leukemia and solid tumors (68 cases), congenital structural malformations (25 cases), congenital hereditary metabolic diseases (4 cases), and rare diseases (20 cases). Among the subjects, 57.26% (67 cases) were first-time visitors to SCMC. The patients came from 20 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities across the country, with 88.03% (103 cases) from outside Shanghai. The treatment outcomes showed improvement or cure in 80.34% (94 cases) of the subjects, and there were no medical complaints. In addition, a qualitative study was conducted to deeply explore the experiences, confusions, and challenges of receiving or implementing continuous medical services from the perspectives of patients and their families, as well as medical staff. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 44 subjects were included in the study, among them, there were 12 patients, 12 family members who were taking care of the patients in SCMC, and 20 corresponding medical staff members. The results of the qualitative study showed that trust in the attending physicians of the children′s specialty hospital, a good doctor-patient relationship, satisfactory treatment outcomes, and support from medical insurance policies are the main driving forces for patients over 18 years old to receive continuous treatment at children′s specialty hospitals. The medical staff of the hospital also believed that this model can promote patient benefits. In conclusion, under the policy support of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, the "Six Fixed" Model for continuous treatment established by SCMC has achieved certain positive results in practice. This provides practical references for the development of continuous treatment in China and offers new strategies for the application of preventive medicine in the field of children′s health.

Since the introduction of the radioallergosorbent test in 1967, the in vitro diagnosis (IVD) of allergen testing has undergone 58 years of development. This paper systematically reviews the historical progression of allergen detection IVD in China, providing a detailed list of classification in terms of the major allergen detection methods currently used domestically. It also discusses the future trends in the field. Furthermore, the paper highlights the existing challenges and aims to offer clinical guidance for medical professionals working in the field of allergy medicine.

Objective To explore the fear of ulcer recurrence in patients with diabetic foot and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide strategies for medical staff to implement comprehensive and personalized nursing interventions.Methods From February 2024 to March 2025,convenience sampling was used to select inpatients and outpatients with diabetic foot ulcers from 6 tertiary hospitals in China as the survey subjects.The general information questionnaire,ADL,MNA,PSQI,Diabetic Foot Self-Management Behavior Scale and FOP-Q-SF were used to investigate and analyze the results.Results A total of 191 questionnaires were distributed and 186 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective recovery rate of 97.38％.The total score of ulcer recurrence fear of diabetic foot patients was(31.78±7.41).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that nutritional status,sleep quality,duration of diabetes,other chronic diseases,family per capita monthly income and medical insurance were the influencing factors of ulcer recurrence fear in patients with diabetic foot(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with diabetic foot have a high level of fear of ulcer recurrence.Nutritional status,sleep quality,duration of diabetes,combined with other chronic diseases,family per capita monthly income,and medical insurance are its influencing factors.Nursing staff should take targeted nursing measures according to its influencing factors to reduce the occurrence of patients' fear of ulcer recurrence.

Schizophrenia is a common, severe, and complex psychiatric disorder worldwide. Genetic factors account for around 80% of the etiology of schizophrenia, yet objective diagnostic biomarkers remain lacking. This article reports two cases of female monozygotic twins diagnosed with schizophrenia, exhibiting a balanced translocation between 22q11.2 and 4p15.3. Reviewing the literature, we analyze and discuss the correlation between chromosomal balanced translocation regions and the pathogenesis of mental disorders. This aims to encourage psychiatrists to consider new perspectives on the diagnosis of schizophrenia.