The ASCO-GU 23 conference was held offline as scheduled after the pandemic. A total of 167 abstracts in the field of renal cell carcinoma has been posted during the conference, covering the first PET/CT diagnostic technology targeting tumors in renal cell carcinoma, risk stratified interpretation of the previous clinical trial results, and exploring the value of tumor and serum biomarkers for precise classification therapy, as well as providing evidence for the therapeutic scheme sequencing.

The 2023 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) annual meeting reported on the research progress in the field of clinical treatment, biomarkers, and exploration of new drugs/mechanisms for renal carcinoma, which included the first phase III trial of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor/immune checkpoint inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI/ICI) combination in Chinese population, trials of hypoxia inducible factor-2α (hif-2α) inhibitor, programmed cell death-Ligand 1/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (PD-1/CTLA-4) bispecific monoclonal antibody and antibody-drug conjugate, biomarkers of peripheral blood, tissue glycan profiling and tissue protein. This article interprets and reviews important studies to help clinical treatment decisions.

Objective:To confirm the protective effect of Xiangsha Yuyang decoction on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer model rats and explore its mechanism， so as to provide experimental basis for clinical drug use. Method:The 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： group， model group， high， middle and low dose groups of Xiangsha Yuyang decoction and omeprazole control group. The rat model of gastric ulcer was induced by acetic acid. The rats in the high， middle and low dose groups of Xiangsha Yuyang decoction were intragastrically administered at the dose of 28，14，7 g·kg^-1， and with omeprazole at the dose of 4.17 g·kg^-1in normal saline， respectively. The rats in the blank group and model group were intragastrically infused with the same volume of normal saline once a day. After 14 days of continuous treatment， the rats were killed， the blood was collected， the area and inhibition rate of gastric ulcer were measured and calculated， the histopathological sections of gastric mucosa were made and the state of gastric mucosal injury was observed， and the changes of gastric mucosal repair factor， gastric tissue related protein， oxidative stress factor and inflammatory factor in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Detected the expression of p62 Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 （Keap1）， nuclear transcription factor E2 related factor 2 （Nrf2） and heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） signal pathway-related proteins in gastric mucosa by Western blot. Result:Compared with control group， the gastric mucosa of the model group showed obvious pathological changes and a large number of leukocytes infiltrated. In model group， the ulcer area was significantly increased（P<0.01）， the contents of mucin mucoprotein 5AC （MUC5AC）， epidermal growth factor （EGF）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） and increased prostaglandin E₂ （PGE₂） were significantly decreased（P<0.01）， the gastrin （GAS）， 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine （8-OHdG）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） were significantly increased. The expression of HO-1 and Nrf2 protein decreased significantly（P<0.01）， the content of Keap1 increased significantly （P<0.05）， and the expression of p62 protein decreased. Compared with model group， the hierarchical structure of cells in Xiangsha Yuyang decoction high dose group and omeprazole group were clearer and regular， middle and low dose groups could also repair gastric mucosa to a certain extent. The high and middle dose groups of Xiangsha Yuyang decoction could significantly reduce the gastric ulcer area of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model （P<0.01） and increase the ulcer inhibition rate. It can effectively promote the expression of MUC5AC and EGF in gastric mucosa， decrease the level of GAS（P<0.05，P<0.01）， decrease the level of 8-OHdG and MDA， increase the activity of SOD（P<0.01）， decrease the expression level of TNF-α and COX-2， increase the content of PGE₂， and significantly increase the amount of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein in gastric mucosa（P<0.01）. The high dose group of Xiangsha Yuyang decoction could decrease the protein expression of Keap1（P<0.05） and increase the expression of p62 protein. Conclusion:Xiangsha Yuyang decoction is effective in the treatment of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer model rats， which can effectively reduce the ulcer area， increase the ulcer inhibition rate and protect the ulcer tissue. Its mechanism may be related to activating p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway and regulating the expression of related genes so as to improve inflammatory response and regulate oxidative stress response.

To investigate the protective effect of the seed oil of Abelmoschus esculentus on gastric ulcer,two acute gastric ulcer mice models were established by intragastric administration of aspirin or absolute ethanol,respectively.Clinical index of ulcer area,ulcer index,gastric volume,gastric pH value,free acidity,total acidity,and histopathological assessment were measured to evaluate the injuries of gastric ulcer and the protective effect of okra seed oil In order to comprehensively uncover the possible underlying mechanism,a series of biochemical assays were also performed,including serum TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 and Tbil,NO,MPO and SOD in the stomach included.Moreover,the ALT,AST and ALP in the liver of mice were also tested to evaluate the possible hepatic toxicity of the seed oil.The results indicated that the seed oil of A.esculentus exerted protective effect in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer mice by reducing the ulcer area and ulcer index,declining the free and total acidity,and increasing the pH value of gastric content.Histopathological observation showed the gastric mucosa of the acute gastric ulcer mice induced by alcohol was incomplete and severely damaged,with submucosal edema and nuclear pyknosis,as well as glandular structure disappearing,compared with that of normal mice.What's more,a number of inflammatory cell infiltration occured in the gastric mucosa of alcohol-model mice,with messes of neutrophils,lymphocytes,eosinophils and plasma cells.Okra seed oil could improve the damaged structure of the gastric mucosa and gland caused by ethanol,but could not ameliorate the condensation of nucleus and infiltration of inflammatory cells.Biochemical analysis revealed that the seed oil of A.esculentus could counteract the damage induced by ethanol via decreasing Tbil and TNF-α in serum,decreasing NO and myeloperoxidase,and increasing SOD in stomach.Meanwhile,okra seed oil exhibited protective effect in aspirin-induced gastric ulcer mice by increasing the gastric content pH,and reducing free and total acidity.Compared with the control group,the gastric mucosa of aspirin-model group showed multifocal coagulation necrosis,sheet edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells by histopathological assessment.Compared with the aspirin-model group,the soybean oil group and okra seed oil group could ameliorate the inflammatory cell infiltration.Biochemical analysis revealed that okra seed oil could counteract the injury induced by aspirin via decreasing TNF-α and IL-6,and increasing IL-1O in serum,decreasing NO and MPO and increasing SOD in stomach.In a word,the okra seed oil exerted protective effect on acute gastric ulcer by anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation and hepatocyte protection.The okra seed oil deserves further development and utilization.

Objective:To prepare monoclonal antibodies specifically against an immunogenic fragment in ectodomain of prostate-specific membrane antigen ( PSMA ).Methods: An polypeptide immunogenic fragment in the ectodomain of PSMA was predicted by biological information technology,and then it was expressed prokaryotically.BALB/c mice were immunized with the prokar-ytically expressed recombinant polypeptide antigen,to prepare the monoclonal antibodies specifically against an immunogenic fragment in ectodomain of PSMA by hybridoma technology,purification of monoclonal antibody by affinity chromatography,characterization of the monoclonal antibodies by Western blot.The radioimmunoimaging in prostate cancer model was performed by using the labeled McAb.Results:Throught the software analysis,we got the antigen fragment in the ectodomain of PSMA containing 310aa sequences higher specificity, artificially synthesized gene sequence of the region, and constructed a prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a-r-ectodomain-PSMA,by prokaryotic expression we obtained the 50 kD target antigen,after hybridization,the three positive hybridoma cell lines (5E6,4A5 and 4D7) were selected by ELISA using target antigen,the isotypes of 5E6 and 4A5 were IgG2a,the isotypes of 4D7 were IgG1,the titer of three monoclonal antibodies was above 1∶256 000.Western blot results showed that the prepared monoclonal anti-bodies could binding specifically to the antigen in the ectodomain of PSMA.Radioimmunoimaging in prostate cancer animal model results further confirm that the prepared monoclonal antibodies could combinate with the antigen in the ectodomain of PSMA in the animal body, and make the tumor imaging.Conclusion: The prepared monoclonal antibodies can specifically recognizes the PSMA antigen,which laid the foundation for the immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of prostate cancer.

Objective To study effect of parecoxib on sufentanil dosage and its analgesic effect in patients with laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma under combined anesthesia.Methods 120 cases patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and prepared to laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer were selected in Kailuan General Hospital, and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 60 cases in each group, experimental group induced anesthesia with 40mg parecoxib sodium intravenous injection, while the control group were treated with normal saline, the postoperative dosage of sufentanil, analgesia pump using frequency and other indicators were detected at 6,12,24 and 48 h, and analgesic effect were observed.Results Compared with control group, in experimental group, postoperative dosage of sufentanil was less ( P <0.05 ) , analgesia pump pressing times and effective pressing numbers were fewer (P<0.05), VAS pain score was lower (P<0.05) and Ramsay score was lower (P<0.05) at each time point.Conclusion Parecoxib could reduce the dosage of sufentanil after laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer, and enhance the analgesic effect.

Objective:To study the change rule of decocting quantity of the effective components in Amomi fructus and Amomi fructus rotundus with decocting time to determine whether or not decocted later and optimal decocting time. Methods:The herbs were extracted by the traditional water decoction, and at different time points, sampling was carried out. Using camphor and eucalyptol as the index components, the change rule of decocting quantity of the effective components with the decoction time under the condition of single and combined decoction was investigated. Results:When the decoction time of Amomi fructus was within the range of 3-6 min, the total amount of camphor in the decoction reached relatively high value, and the total amount lost more than 45% when the decoction time exceeded 10 min. Amomi fructus rotundus boiled for a short time below 2 min, and when the decoction time was more than 5 min, more than 50% eucalyptol lost. Conclusion:Amomi fructus and Amomi fructus rotundus should be decocted later with decocting time within 3-6min and below 2 min, respectively. The analytical method is reliable and precise in the quality control of relative decoction.

Objective To analyse effect of different doses of parecoxib on perioperative cellular factors and the maintenance dose of propofol in patients with laparoscopic cervical cancer surgery.Methods Collected 60 patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2015.All patients underwent laparoscopic surgery,according to the injection of parecoxib different amount before induction of anesthesia divided into control group,low dose group and high dose group,20 cases in each group,respectively before anesthesia, postoperative, postoperative 12 h and postoperative 24 h, of all patients with serum IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-a level,intraoperative propofol maintenance dose,and postoperative analgesia were detected.ResuIts The levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-αin three groups showed that:high dose group low dose group>control group (P<0.05).The maintenance dose of propofol in the three groups showed that:high dose group

Objective To study the contents and distribution characteristics of trace elements in Chrysanthemum morifolium from different areas. Methods The contents of 13 trace elements in six samples of Chrysanthemum morifolium were determined by ICP-OES. The principal component analysis combined with SPSS 19. 0 software was applied to evaluate charac-teristics of elements Results Curves of trace element content of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different origins had a certain similarity. The contents of Fe, Zn and Mn were higher than others. The results of principal component analysis showed that five principal components were extracted from six samples of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Cd, Cu, Zn, Ba and Co was the characteristic trace elements. Conclusion The contents and distribution of trace elements can reflect the characteristics of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different areas, which could be used for Chrysanthemum morifolium quality assessment and classification.