Background::The epidemic of overweight and obesity has become a worldwide public health problem. Cardiometabolic diseases may originate in childhood. We investigated the association between percent body fat (PBF) measured by the bioelectrical impedance assay and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in pediatrics.Methods::This cross-sectional study involved 3819 subjects (6–17 years old) in Shanghai. We assessed the association between PBF and body mass index (BMI) with multiple CMR factors. We examined the risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to overweight and obesity based on age- and sex-specific PBF Z-scores and BMI Z-scores, respectively. Results::PBF, but not BMI, was positively associated with multiple CMR factors in males and females except for total cholesterol in females (all p < 0.05). Compared with the non-overweight group based on PBF, over-weight and obese subjects had increasingly higher odds ratio of dyslipidemia (2.90 (1.99–4.23), 4.59 (2.88–7.32) for males and 1.82 (1.20–2.75), 2.46 (1.47–4.11) for females) and elevated blood pressure (BP) (3.26 (2.35–4.51), 4.55 (2.92–7.09) for males and 1.59 (1.07–2.34), 3.98 (2.27–6.17) for females). Obesity females showed a higher likelihood for hyperglycemia (2.19 (1.24–3.84)) than non-overweight females. In both sexes, the predictive effect of PBF on dyslipidemia and elevated BP in adolescents was better than that in children. For hyperglycemia, the predictive effect of PBF was better in male adolescents and female children. There was no risk difference for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to BMI-based obesity categories. Conclusions::PBF but not BMI was associated with CMR. Overweight and obesity categories based on PBF had an increased risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents.

Background::The epidemic of overweight and obesity has become a worldwide public health problem. Cardiometabolic diseases may originate in childhood. We investigated the association between percent body fat (PBF) measured by the bioelectrical impedance assay and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in pediatrics.Methods::This cross-sectional study involved 3819 subjects (6–17 years old) in Shanghai. We assessed the association between PBF and body mass index (BMI) with multiple CMR factors. We examined the risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to overweight and obesity based on age- and sex-specific PBF Z-scores and BMI Z-scores, respectively. Results::PBF, but not BMI, was positively associated with multiple CMR factors in males and females except for total cholesterol in females (all p < 0.05). Compared with the non-overweight group based on PBF, over-weight and obese subjects had increasingly higher odds ratio of dyslipidemia (2.90 (1.99–4.23), 4.59 (2.88–7.32) for males and 1.82 (1.20–2.75), 2.46 (1.47–4.11) for females) and elevated blood pressure (BP) (3.26 (2.35–4.51), 4.55 (2.92–7.09) for males and 1.59 (1.07–2.34), 3.98 (2.27–6.17) for females). Obesity females showed a higher likelihood for hyperglycemia (2.19 (1.24–3.84)) than non-overweight females. In both sexes, the predictive effect of PBF on dyslipidemia and elevated BP in adolescents was better than that in children. For hyperglycemia, the predictive effect of PBF was better in male adolescents and female children. There was no risk difference for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to BMI-based obesity categories. Conclusions::PBF but not BMI was associated with CMR. Overweight and obesity categories based on PBF had an increased risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents.

Objective To understand the Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution in the working areas of Yangtze River hy?drologic agencies located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2016,so as to provide the evidence for assess?ing the risk of schistosome infection of hydrological workers and establishing the control strategies. Methods The suspicious en?vironments with O. hupensis snails in the above working areas were selected as study areas,and the snail situation was surveyed by the system sampling method combined with the environmental sampling method. The survey data were collected and analyzed statistically. Results Totally 19 working areas from 17 hydrological agencies were selected as the investigation sites,among which,10 working areas from 9 agencies were found with O. hupensis snail distribution. The constituent ratio of the areas with snails reached to 38.81%of the investigation areas,the occurrence rate of frames with snails was 3.08%,and the average densi?ty of living snails was 0.07/0.1 m2. By comparison,the average density of living snails and occurrence rate of frames with snails in hydrological agencies under the jurisdiction of the Middle Reaches Administrative Bureau were the most serious among three administrative bureaus of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission. Conclusions There are various degrees of O. hupen?sis breeding in the working areas of hydrological agencies located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ,and the hydrological workers are facing with the risk of schistosome infection.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) in chronic,severe hepatitis B patients and liver cirrhosis.Methods The contents of HMGB1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in the patients (include 40 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 18 severe hepatitis B patients and 18 liver cirrhosis patients) and 20 health controls.The levels of relative biochemical indicators,prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA) and the hepatic fibrosis were determined by biochemical methods.Results The contents of HMGB1 was significantly increased in severe hepatitis patients in comparison with that in chronic hepatitis B patients(P ＜0.01).The contents of HMGB1 in the chronic hepatitis were significantly increased in health controls(P ＜0.01).The contents of HMGB1 had significant difference among the liver cirrhosis patients,the severe hepatitis patients and the chronic hepatitis(P ＜0.01).There was positive correlation among the contents of HMGB1 and total bilirubin (TBIL),the proportionality of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT),hyaluronic acid (HA) and procollagen Ⅲ N-terminal peptide (P Ⅲ NP) (r = 0.865,0.646,0.783,0.662,P ＜ 0.01).There was negative correlation among the contents of HMGB1 and prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA) and albumin (ALB) (r =-0.915,-0.852,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The contents of serum HMGB1 were closely associated with disease severity in chronic hepatitis B patients.HMGB1 was an index to auxiliary diagnosis hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the roles of cytokines and non-bioartificial liver in mechanism and clinical treatment of severe hepatitis.Methods Serum IL-2,IL-6,TGF?_1,TNF-?,sFas,IFN-?levels of severe hepatitis patients before and after treatment with non-bioartificial liver were detected and compared.Results Serum IL-2 and IFN-?levels in severe hepatitis group before treatment were obviously lower than those of normal control group(P