Objective:To explore the relationship between urinary cadmium levels and thyroid hormone levels in people aged 40-89 years old in selected areas of China.Methods:Based on the "Investigation of the Impact of Soil Quality of Agricultural Land on Human Health in Typical Areas" project from October 2019 to August 2020, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to include 6 588 middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89. Demographic characteristics, dietary frequency and disease status were collected through the questionnaire and physical examination. Urinary cadmium and urinary creatinine were detected by random midstream urine. Fasting venous blood was collected for the detection of Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4). The linear mixed effects model was used to explore the association of urine cadmium levels with thyroid hormone levels. Its dose-response relationship was explored by using the restricted cubic spline.Results:The age of the subjects was (63.48±12.18) years, with males accounting for 51.28%. The M ( Q 1,Q 3) of urinary cadmium level, T3 and T4 was 2.48 (1.36, 4.42) μg/g·creatinine, (1.96±0.51) nmol/L and (113.75±29.11) nmol/L, respectively. The linear mixed effects model showed that the changes of T3 and T4 were 0.027 (0.009, 0.044) nmol/L and 2.019 (1.084, 2.953) nmol/L for each one-unit increase (natural logarithm transformed) of urinary cadmium. The restricted cubic spline showed that there was a positive nonlinear association between urinary cadmium and T3 as well as T4 (all Pnonlinear<0.05). Conclusion:In selected areas of China, the urinary cadmium level of middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89 years is positively associated with T3 and T4.

Objective:To explore the relationship between urinary cadmium levels and thyroid hormone levels in people aged 40-89 years old in selected areas of China.Methods:Based on the "Investigation of the Impact of Soil Quality of Agricultural Land on Human Health in Typical Areas" project from October 2019 to August 2020, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to include 6 588 middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89. Demographic characteristics, dietary frequency and disease status were collected through the questionnaire and physical examination. Urinary cadmium and urinary creatinine were detected by random midstream urine. Fasting venous blood was collected for the detection of Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4). The linear mixed effects model was used to explore the association of urine cadmium levels with thyroid hormone levels. Its dose-response relationship was explored by using the restricted cubic spline.Results:The age of the subjects was (63.48±12.18) years, with males accounting for 51.28%. The M ( Q 1,Q 3) of urinary cadmium level, T3 and T4 was 2.48 (1.36, 4.42) μg/g·creatinine, (1.96±0.51) nmol/L and (113.75±29.11) nmol/L, respectively. The linear mixed effects model showed that the changes of T3 and T4 were 0.027 (0.009, 0.044) nmol/L and 2.019 (1.084, 2.953) nmol/L for each one-unit increase (natural logarithm transformed) of urinary cadmium. The restricted cubic spline showed that there was a positive nonlinear association between urinary cadmium and T3 as well as T4 (all Pnonlinear<0.05). Conclusion:In selected areas of China, the urinary cadmium level of middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89 years is positively associated with T3 and T4.

Heparosan is the start point for chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparin and it is of great significance to efficiently synthesize heparosan in microorganisms. The effects of overexpressing key enzyme genes of the UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) pathway (pgcA, gtaB and tuaD) or the UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) pathway (glmS, glmM and glmU) on the heparosan production and molecular mass were analyzed in the constructed heparosan-producing Bacillus subtilis ((1.71±0.08) g/L). On this basis, heparosan production was increased to (2.89±0.11) g/L with the molecular mass of (75.90±1.18) kDa through co-overexpressing the tuaD, gtaB, glmU, glmM and glmS genes in shake flask cultivation. In the 3 L fed-batch fermentation, heparosan production was improved to (7.25±0.36) g/L with the molecular mass of (46.66±2.71) kDa, providing the potential for heparosan industrial production.

Objective To explore the effects and safety of escitalopram on suicide-related symptoms for depression patients controlled with amitriptyline.Methods Depression patients with suicide-related symptoms were randomly grouped.The study group(n=35) were treated with escitalopram 10 mg/d to 20 mg/d and the control group(n=33) were done with amitriptyline 75 mg to 250 mg daily.Both groups with psychotherapy were carried out for 8 weeks' observation.The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and Clinical Global Impression-severity of illness (CGI-SI) were tested and suicide-related examined before and after 1,2,4,6 and 8 weeks'treatment.The Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) was checked at 4th week to evaluate safety.Results In the study group,the incidence of wishing to die (97.1％),suicidal attempts (91.4％),suicidal ideations (88.6％),suicidal plans (80.0％),hopelessness (71.4％) and suicidal behavior (54.3％) was similar to the control group(97.0％,97.0％,90.9％,87.9％,72.7％ and 54.5％,respectively,x2 =0.00-0.94,P＞0.05).The incidence of suicide-related symptoms showed significantly lower after treatment than before (P＜0.01).At 1st week treatment,the incidences of hopelessness (37.1％),suicidal plans (45.7％) and suicidal ideations (48.6％)showed significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group(63.6％,72.7％ and 75.8％,respectively,x2 =4.77,5.12,5.32,P＜ 0.05).The study group showed significantly lower side-effects (11.4％) at 4th weeks' treatment than the control group(62.9％,x2 =21.95,P＜0.01).Conclusion The effects of escitalopram on suicide-related symptoms for depression patients is similar to amitriptyline but with faster effect and higher safety.

ObjectiveTo investigate the quality of life (QOL) of the epilepsy patients and the factors affected the QOL.Methods200 cases were investigated using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory 10 (QOLEI-10) and the Washington Psychosocial Seizure Investigate (WPSI). 200 healthy persons were chosen as normal control group. ResultsThe QOL of the patient group were significantly poor as compared with that of normal control group(P<0.01). The factors that the patients always faced with were disability in the attack control, short in money, unemployment, restriction of movement, disability in intercommunication, psychological disorder (depress, strain, anxiety, dread, shame feel, cognitional dysfunction, etc.), as well as the difficult to get professional curtains, taking medicine improperly and side effects of the medicine. Conclusions The factors mentioned, which were usually neglected by many doctors, do affect the QOL of epilepsy patients, and hinder the epilepsy treatment effectively.