ObjectiveTo analyze the community structure and dynamics of parasitic fleas on the body surface of host animals and nested fleas in different seasons in the natural foci of wild rat plague in Yulong County，Yunnan Province， to explore the relationship between seasonal fluctuation of fleas and the prevalence of plague among animals， so as to provide evidence for plague prevention and control in the natural foci. MethodsNanxi Village， Huangshan Town， the core area of plague epidemic in Yulong County， was selected as the monitoring sample area in December 2019 （winter）， August 2020（summer）， October 2020（autumn） and March 2021（spring）. Host animals were captured by rattrap at night and rat nests were excavated for collecting parasitic fleas on host animals and rat nest fleas in different seasons. Excel 2010 and SPSS 26.0 software were used to analyze the data， and Chi square test was used to compare the rate. Community ecological indicators were used to analyze the community structure and species diversity of the host animals and their parasitic fleas. ResultsA total of 355 vector fleas were captured， belonging to 7 species of 5 genera in 2 families. 441 small animals were captured and 138 rat body fleas were detected with the flea infection rate of 14.51% and the flea index 0.31. 96 effective rat holes were excavated and 217 fleas were detected with the flea infection rate of 35.42% and the flea index 2.26. Among the four seasons， the flea infection rates of rat body and rat nests were higher in summer and winter， showing a significant difference in general （χ²=15.851， P<0.01； χ²=16.398， P<0.01）. The dominant species of flea community were Ctenophthalmus quadratus， Stenischia humilis， Neopsylla specialis and Frontopsylla spadix， with a dominance index of 0.434， 0.254， 0.180 and 0.110， respectively. The diversity and evenness of rat body fleas showed a distribution characteristic of decreasing， increasing and then decreasing again with season changes， and both were the highest in spring， while the ecological dominance showed an opposite trend. The diversity and evenness of rat nest fleas showed a distribution characteristic of increasing first and then decreasing in summer， autumn and winter， with the highest in autumn， while the ecological dominance was diametrically opposite. ConclusionThe fleas community structure is relatively stable in Yulong County， but the number of species in the community is unevenly distributed by seasons， and the status of dominant species is prominent. Local authorities should carry out timely preventive deratization and depulization measures according to the results of daily monitoring， so as to effectively avoid the prevalence and spread of plague among animals in plague foci.

Objective To investigate the geographic landscape features in Yulong plague natural focus.Methods Four altitudinal gradients (2 400-,2 600-,2 800-,≥3 000 m) were selected as study objects in Yulong plague natural focus from December 2015 to November 2016 to collect and analyze geographic landscape factors (topography and terrain,climate,water areas,vegetation and soil) based on the literatures about this plague focus.Results Yulong plague natural focus was an area with mid-mountain and subalpine topography in northwestern Yunnan Province,and its terrain had the character of lower in the southeast and higher in the northwest.This area belonged to plateau warm temperate monsoon climate of low latitude with an average month temperature 13.6 ℃ from 2005-2016,month air relative humidity averaged 59.4％,and rainfall averaged 884.5 mm a year,which concentrated mostly from June to September.About 98.1％ of the water area in Yulong County was controlled by Chin-sha River.The vegetation and soil were characterized by vertical distribution along with altitude gradients obviously.Conclusion The unique geographical landscape of the plague natural focus in Yulong County is one of important factors affecting the occurrence and epidemic of the plague.

Objective To evaluate K-wire leverage reduction and fixation via the triceps tendon for irreducible supracondylar humeral fractures of Gartland types Ⅱ& Ⅲ. Methods From June 2014 to March 2016, 31 children with irreducible supracondylar humeral fracture were treated operatively in our hospital. They were 23 boys and 8 girls, aged from 4 to 11 years ( average, 6. 3 years ) , involving 19 left and 12 right arms. Their clinical manifestations included elbow swelling at the affected arm, obvious tenderness, and limited movement of the elbow. The reduction was conducted under the guidance of C-arm roentgenography by inserting a piece of 3. 0 mm K-wire into the fracture ends via the posterior triceps tendon, inserting 2 pieces of 1. 5 or 2. 0 mm K-wire from the distal lateral humerus to the proximal through the opposite cortical bone, and inserting a piece of 1. 5 or 2. 0 mm K-wire into the opposite cortical bone through the ulnar aspect of the distal humerus. Results The operation time for the 31 patients ranged from 28 to 42 minutes ( 33 minutes on average ) . They were followed up for 6 to 18 months ( 12. 3 months on average ) . All fractures united after 4 to 6 weeks ( 4. 6 weeks on average ) . At the final follow-ups, the lengths of the affected and healthy arms were re-spectively 66. 4 ± 2. 7 cm and 66. 4 ± 2. 9 cm, showing no significant difference ( P> 0. 05 ) . The therapeutic outcomes by the Flynn criteria for the elbow function were rated at the final follow-up as excellent in 26 cases, as good in 4 and as fair in one, yielding an excellent to good rate of 96. 8％. Pin tract infection occurred in 2 patients, but no deep infection or osteomyelitis was observed during follow-ups. Conclusion K-wire leverage reduction and fixation via the triceps is an effective and simple treatment for irreducible supracondylar humeral fractures of Gartland types Ⅱ& Ⅲ.

Objective Evaluating the effect of Shugan-Jieyu capsule combined with pramipexole on depressive symptoms in parkinson's disease(PD) patients.MethodsAccording to the criteria of including and excluding, we collected 63 PD depression cases who visited doctors at neurological outpatient room between June 2014 and April 2016.35 cases only treated with pramipexole, designed as pramipexole group, and 28 cases treated with pramipexole and Shugan-Jieyu capsule, designed as combined treatment group.The Hamilton depression scale(HAMD), activities of daily living scale(ADL) and unified Parkinson's disease rating scale-part III(UPDRS-III) were assessed at baseling, week 6 and week 9.ResultsAt week 9, HAMD was (17.71±6.78) in pramipexole group versus (14.32±4.81) in combined treatment group, there was significant difference between the two groups(P=0.029), As for HAMDΔ9, analysis did show a significant difference(pramipexole group (-11.06±3.27) vs combined group (-14.93±6.24);P=0.002).Analysis showed a significant difference as for ADLΔ6(pramipexole group (-2.37±1.31) vs combined group (-3.57±2.04);P=0.006) at week 6.There was no significant difference between groups for the reduction in total UPDRS-III scale.No serious adverse event was recorded during treatment of depression.ConclusionShugan-Jieyu capsule combined with pramipexole did have significant effects versus pramipexole on depressive symptoms in PD patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Deubiquitinating Enzyme CYLD ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Skin Neoplasms ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To study the clinical effect of the secondary prevention of chronic ankle instability (CAI) for nursing staff.Methods From September 2014 to January 2015, we screened 100 nurse with functional ankle instability in Shandong Provincial Hospital .The subjects were divided into the intervention group ( n=51 ) and the control group ( n =49 ) by random number table .The nurses of intervention group accepted measures of the secondary prevention , including bundle health education , bracing and rehabilitation , while the nurses of control group received only routine health education .Before intervention and 4 months later , we evaluated the ankle instability by Chinese version Cumberland ankle instability tool ( CAIT) in two groups and compared the intervention effects and relevant knowledge of the two groups .Results Before the intervention, the CAIT score of intervention group was (19.0 ±4.8), and was (28.2 ±3.0) after intervention ( t=9.210,P<0.05);the CAIT score in the control group was (19.0 ±5.1) before intervention and (21.3 ± 5.2) after intervention (t=1.509,P>0.05); after intervention, the difference of two groups had statistical significance (t=9.317,P<0.05).Conclusions The secondary prevention of CAI can improve CAI nurse staff′s ankle stability and the recognition level of CAI prevention knowledge , and promote the clinical symptom prevention effectively , so it has significance for the improvement of nurse′s ankle function .

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of plasma exchange(PE),PE combined with plasma bilirubin absorp-tion(PE+PBA),and PE combined with double plasma molecule absorption system(PE+DPMAS),to investigate the best treat-ment options for the patients of hepatitis B-associated subacute severe.Methods Totally 140 patients who had hepatitis B-associat-ed were randomly divided into a PE group,a PE+PBA group,and a PE+DPMAS group.The dinical symptoms and blood rontine, electrolytc and the main biochemical indexes were recorded both before and after treatment and compared among the three groups. Results The total effective rate was higher in the PE +DPMAS group than in the PE group and PE+PBA group,which were 70.8%,60.9%,67.4% respectively,but there was no significant difference(P >0.05).compared with before treatment,serum total bilirubin (TBIL),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartic acid amino shift enzyme (AST),valley aminoacyl transfer peptidase (GGT),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),globulin (GLB)and other biochemical indexes decreased significantly after treatment in 3 groups (P <0.001).PA was increased in the PE group and decreased in the PE+PBA and PE+DPMAS group after treatment,the differences were significant(P <0.05).After treatment,PT was shortened in the PE group,the differences were significant(P <0.05),but there were no significant difference between the PE+PBA and PE+DPMAS groups(P >0.05).Serum K+ and Cl- was obviously declined after treatment in the PE group,there was significant difference(P <0.001).Serum Na+ was obviously declined after treatment between the PE + PBA and PE + DPMAS groups (P < 0.001 ),but the difference was no significant in the PE groups.Serum Ca2+ was significantly decreased in the three groups of patients after treatment(P <0.001).WBC,Hb and PLT were significantly statistical difference after treatment(P <0.05).Conclusion The three groups also can improve liver function and the treatment rate for the patients of subacute hepatitis B-associated severe hepatitis.PE+PBA and PE+DPMAS groups can effective-ly reduce two thirds of the overall usage of the plasma.PE+DPMAS groups that the quantity of Cl- ,Ca2+ ,Hb decline much least in the three groups show larger value in the clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of mental health and sleep quality of the armored military performance ,pro-viding a theoretical basis for improving the performance of military officers and soldiers .Methods 276 armored military were se-lected randomly to study the performance ,including military training program evaluation(40% ) ,armored vehicles operating assess-ment(40% ) and leadership assessment(20% ) ,the test results as a percentage of the sum to exceed 80 divided into good and poor performance for the military .Symptom Checklist(SCL-90) and Scale Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) were assessed ,and to evaluate the performance differences between good and poor military .Results (1)The good performance of armored military were 61 .2% ,and 38 .8% ones were poor .(2)The SCL-90 scores ,interpersonal sensitivity ,anxiety and hostility factors of good military performance were significantly lower than those with poor military performance(P<0 .05) .(3)The PSQI scores of Good military performance was 5 .83 ± 2 .94 ,and the poor was 7 .63 ± 3 .85 ;The sleep quality ,sleep latency ,sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunc-tion factors of good military performance subjective were significantly lower than those of poor military performance(P<0 .05) . Conclusion Psychological status and quality of sleep are important factors to influence performance of military armored force .

Objective To compare with the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) between the left and the right prefrontal on refractory negative symptoms and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Methods 80 hospitalized schizophrenics with refractory negative symptoms were divided into study group (n=40) and control group (n=40) randomly. Both groups were received 4-week treatment of 10 Hz rTMS. The stimulus lo?cation of the study group was the left prefrontal, and the control group was the right prefrontal. The type and dose of anti?psychotics remained unchanged during the treatment. The evaluation of positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and the measurement of BDNF concentration before treatment and after 4 weeks treatment was analyzed. Results Com?pared with before treatment, the total score of PANSS after treatment significantly decreased (P<0.05) both in the study group [(71.2±13.8) vs. (63.3±11.4)] and the control group [(70.3±13.4) vs. (63.7±12.2)]. The score of negative symptoms in the study group decreased [(22.8±6.6) vs. (18.4±5.9), P<0.01]. The BDNF concentration increased in the study group ](6.78±2.16) vs. (8.74±2.76)] and the control group [(6.83±2.32) vs. (8.66±2.70)]. Conclusion 10Hz rTMS on the left pre?frontal combined with drugs are helpful to improve the refractory negative symptom of the patients with schizophrenia. Stimulation on both left and right prefrontal lobe could increase serum BDNF concentration.

This study examined the effect of integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein 1α (ICAP-1α) and its mutatants T38A and I138A on the adhesion, migration and tube formation of 2H-11 cells. rAAV-ICAP-1α, rAAV-T38A and rAAV-I138A were constructed. After infection, the expression of ICAP-1α and p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun protein was measured by Western blotting. Adhesion ability was evaluated by using MTT. Cell migration was determined by using Boyden chamber method. Tube formation test was conducted on Matrigel. The results showed that in ICAP-1α, T38A and I138A groups, ICAP-1α protein expression was increased. In T38A and I138A groups, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-c-Jun protein expressions were significantly increased as compared with the control group and the GFP group. ICAP-1α group protein expression was obviously decreased when compared with the control group and the GFP group. Cell adhesion ratio was 0.1429±0.0080 in control group, 0.1434±0.0077 in GFP group and the ratio in T38A and I138A groups increased to 0.3210±0.0082 and 0.3250±0.0079, respectively. In ICAP-1α group, the ratio was decreased to 0.1005±0.0073. In T38A and I138A groups, the number of migrating 2H-11 cells was increased to 31.45±3.20 and 33.10±5.40 against 18.51±2.80 in control group and 20.47±3.12 in GFP group. In ICAP-1α group, the number was decreased to 12.06±1.72. The number of tube-like structures was increased to 20.41±2.54 in T38A and to 22.26±3.07 in I138A groups as compared to those of control group 12.45±1.84 and GFP group 13.63±2.71. In ICAP-1α group, the number of tube-like structures was decreased to 8.32±1.24. It was suggested that rAAV-T38A and rAAV-I138A transfection can substantially increase 2H-11 cell adhesion, migration and angiogenisis, while rAAV-ICAP-1α can greatly inhibit the effect. These effects might be correlated with ERK1/2 and c-Jun protein phosphorylation.