Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical efficacy of negative pressure suction bell in the treatment of young children (≤6 years) with pectus excavatum. Methods The relevant clinical medical records of the children with pectus excavatum who received negative pressure suction bell treatment in the Outpatient Department of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2019 to January 2023 were collected. The age, sex, type, severity, depth of depression, duration of use and prognosis of children with pectus excavatum were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 100 pediatric patients were ultimately included in the study, comprising 74 males and 26 females. The age distribution was 57 patients aged 0-3 years and 43 patients aged 3-6 years. All patients were prescribed and used a negative pressure suction device for at least 3 months, after which they returned to our department's outpatient clinic for follow-up. The treatment demonstrated clinical effectiveness in 99 patients, yielding an efficacy rate of 99.00%. The excellent/good rate was 52.00%, and the complication rate was 8.00%. After treatment, the Haller index and the depth of sternal depression were reduced compared with those before treatment (P<0.001), and there was no statistical difference in the effective rate and excellent/good rate between different genders, different ages, different types of pectus excavatum, or different severity (P＞0.05). Conclusion Negative pressure suction bell is safe and effective in the treatment of young children (≤6 years) with pectus excavatum, and the correction effect has nothing to do with gender, type and severity.

Objective    To compare and analyze the treatment effect of thoracoscopic surgery and traditional open surgery on infants with congenital diaphragmatic eventration, and summarize the experience of thoracoscopic surgery in infants with congenital diaphragmatic eventration. Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 105 children with congenital diaphragmatic eventration who received operation in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2010 to January 2019. The patients were divided into an open group and a thoracoscopic group according to the operation methods. There were 41 patients in the thoracoscopic group, including 30 males and 11 females, with an average of 13.42±11.08 months (range: 1 d to 3 years). There were 64 patients in the open group, including 44 males and 20 females, with an average age of 8.21±9.33 months (range: 15.0 d to 1.6 years). The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, hospital stay and other operation indexes as well as the mortality, recurrence rate and complication rate of the two groups were observed. Results    The operation indexes such as operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, thoracic drainage time, CCU stay and hospital stay of the thoracoscopic group were better than those in the open group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between two groups in postoperative diaphgram muscles descent, postoperative feeding time or patients needing thoracic drainage (P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the thoracoscopic group (19.51%) was lower than that in the open group (23.44%, P>0.05), and the difference in mortality and recurrence rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion    Both thoracoscopic diaphragmatic plication and traditional open surgery can effectively treat congenital diaphragmatic eventration, but compared with traditional open surgery, thoracoscopic diaphragmatic plication has the advantages of shorter operation time, less trauma, more rapid recovery and fewer complications, so it should be the first choice for children with congenital diaphragmatic eventration.

Objective Analysis the influence risk factors of infants and young children tetralogy of Fallot for radical treatment , and explore the perioperative treatment methods .Methods 195 cases(include death group and survival group)of hospitalized data of TOF resection in this hospital were collected in January 2003 to November 2012 ,then statistical analysis was done .Results Uni-variate analysis of variance showed ,age ,weight ,McGoon ratio ,cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic clamping time were statisti-cally significant in two groups ,Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed McGoon ratio <1 .0 ,cardiopulmonary bypass time>90 min ,aortic clamping time>70 min ,age<3 months were related to the postoperative death of TOF radical operation .Conclu-sion It is safe and reliable of radical surgery in infants and young children ,McGoon ratio ,cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic clamping time ,age are the risk factors of the postoperative death of TOF radical operation .

Objective To explore the diagnosis and surgical treatment experience of vascular ring in infants and children.Methods Fourteen cases (9 boys and 5 girls,aged 2 months to 6 years,weighted 4.5 - 15.0 kg) with vascular ring were diagnosed and treated surgically in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Sep.2009 to Dec.2010.All children underwent X-ray,echocardiography and spiral computed tomography examination preoperatively.Bronchoscopy and barium swallow was performed in 5 cases respectively.The pathological types of vascular rings included double aortic arch in 1 ( 7.1％ ),pulmonary artery sling in 7 (50.0％),right aortic arch with left patent ductus arteriosus or persistent left ligament in 6 (42.9％).Associated cardiac anomalies were present in 7 (50.0％) patients.Tracheal stenosis of different length ( 12％ -62％ ) and severity (45％ -74％ cross-sectional luminal narrowing) was observed in the group.Barium swallow in 5cases showed localized compression of the esophagus.12 cases underwent repair of vascular ring with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB),and the associated congenital heart defects were repaired simultaneously.2 cases of right aortic arch with left patent ductus arteriosus or persistent left ligament underwent surgery without CPB.Results The median duration of CPB in 12 cases and aortic cross-clamp time in 7 patients were 77.5 minutes ( range:55 - 186 minutes) and 36 minutes ( range:22 - 110 minutes) respectively.The median duration of postoperative ventilation and ICU stay were 21 hours (range:7 -308 hours) and 79.5 hours (range:16-314 hours) respectively.One baby with pulmonary artery sling died on the postoperative 12th day ( in-hospital mortality 7.1％ ).Of the 13 cases discharged from the hospital,1 case were lost to follow up.In the follow-up ( 1- 15 months) of 12 cases,digestive symptoms were disappeared.Development,exercise tolerance and symptoms showed obvious improvement,although 5 (41.7％) patients had residual respiratory problems.Conclusion Prolonged or recurrent aerodigestive issues in children should alert the pediatrician to the possibility of a vascular ring.Multislice spiral CT scanning is the best imaging modality.All vascular rings should be surgically corrected,and the associated long-segment severe tracheal stenosis needs.The short to midterm outcomes of surgical division are excellent.

0.05). The levels of ET-1 increased significantly in 1 h after CPB (P0.05). Conclusion The priming fluid with dexamethasone and aprotinin could inhibit the CBP-induced IL-6, TNF-?releasing, but have no such effects on ET-1, TXB 2 and 6-Keto-PGF 1? .

Objective To study the applied value of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)in pulmonary lesions.Methods 68 cases with massive hemoptysis caused by lung tumor or other reasons underwent 16-slice spiral CT scan including plain and contrast-enhanced scan.Volume reconstruction(VR),multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP)and curved planar reconstruction(CPR)were performed using original images.The origin,number and shape of vessels feeding lesions were observed.Results Among 68 cases(two failed),the blood supply of pulmonary lesions was from bronchial artery in 60 cases,from the intercostals artery in 8 cases,from the internal thoracic artery in 5 cases,from the left subclavian artery in 6 cases,from the right inferoir phrenic artery in 5 cases,from the celiac trunk artery in 3 case and from the right renal artery in 1 case.The blood supply was from single artery in 50 cases,double arteriae in 10 cases and three arteriae in 6 cases.The supply arteriae were vascular plexus in 55 cases,meandering in 8 cases,net in 2 cases and aneurysm formation in one cases.Conclusion MSCT can clearly display the vessels feeding pulmonary lesions.

AIM: To study the role of the gene and protein expression of MIP-1? and RANTES in the bronchus of murine asthma. METHODS: 20 male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (A 0 group) and asthma group (B 0 group). In the experiment, the mice model of asthma was established by the ovalbumin (OVA) challenge methods. The protein expression of MIP-1? and RANTES were detected by immunohistochemistry methods. The gene expressions of MIP-1? and RANTES were detected by in situ hybridization methods. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of MIP-1? protein and RANTES protein around the bronchus of group B 0 were significantly higher than those of group A 0 (P