Peanut, a major economic and oil crop known for the high protein and oil content, is extensively cultivated in China. Peanut plants have the ability to form nodules with rhizobia, where the nitrogenase converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen that can be utilized by the plants. Analysis of nodule fixation is of positive significance for avoiding overapplication of chemical fertilizer and developing sustainable agriculture. In this study, AhNIGT1.2, a member of the NIGT family predominantly expressed in peanut nodules, was identified by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequent spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that AhNIGT1.2 was highly expressed in nodules and showed significant responses to high nitrogen, low nitrogen, high phosphorus, low phosphorus, and rhizobia treatments. Histochemical staining indicated that the gene was primarily expressed in developing nodules and at the connection region between mature nodules and peanut roots. The fusion protein AhNIGT1.2-GFP was located in the nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells. The AhNIGT1.2-OE significantly increased the number of peanut nodules, while AhNIGT1.2-RNAi reduced the number of nodules, which suggested a positive regulatory role of AhNIGT1.2 in peanut nodulation. The AhNIGT1.2-OE in roots down-regulated the expression levels of NRT1.2, NRT2.4, NLP1, and NLP7, which indicated that AhNIGT1.2 influenced peanut nodulation by modulating nitrate transport and the expression of NLP genes. The transcriptome analysis of AhNIGT1.2-OE and control roots revealed that overexpressing AhNIGT1.2 significantly enriched the differentially expressed genes associated with nitrate response, nodulation factor pathway, enzymes for triterpene biosynthesis, and carotenoid biosynthesis. These findings suggest that AhNIGT1.2 play a key role in peanut nodulation by regulating nitrate transport and response and other related pathways. This study gives insights into the molecular mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus in regulating legume nodulation and nitrogen fixation, and sheds light on the development of legume crops that can efficiently fix nitrogen in high nitrogen environments.
Arachis/physiology* ; Nitrates/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/physiology* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Plant Root Nodulation/physiology* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Root Nodules, Plant/metabolism* ; Nitrogen Fixation

Objective To measure the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters , and immune function of Specific Pathogen Free ( SPF) Rag2 knockout ( KO) mice.Methods Rag2 knockout mice were selected at five and ten weeks , and the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters were observed .The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, B220+, NK1.1+, and CD11b+were checked by FCM in Rag2 KO mice at six week of age in terms of its T , B lymphocyte function and NK cell activity .Results Among the same sex group of NOD/SCID mice, the weights of brain, lung, spleen, liver, heart, kidney, and the levels of TBIL, WBC in 10 weeks of age are higher than 5 weeks.At the same age, the weights of heart, kidney, liver, spleen, and the levels of AST, ALP, A/G, GLU, PLT, PCT, WBC, and LYM%in male mice are higher than females.The Rag2 KO mice lacks T cells(0.36 ±0.15)%、CD4+T cells(0.21 ±0.06)%、CD8+T cells(0.23 ±0.07)%、CD19+B cells(0.28 ±0.04)%、B220+B cells(2.03 ±0.42)%).The percentage of NK cells is(24.13 ±3.62)%, and the percentage of granulocytes is (57.20 ±3.85)%.Conclusion The study suggests that the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters are affected by age and gender in Rag2 KO mice, which main biological characteristics are similar with C 57BL/6J mice.The Rag2 KO mice show the deficiency of T , B cells function .

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects of effective compounds which were extracted from TongMai. Methods: SD rats experimential model with MsPGN were induced by subcutaneously injection rabbit anti-rat thymocyte serum(ATS) and forced swim. The rats were respectively ig with different dose(1.2,0.6,0.3 g'kg-1) of effective compound of TongMai for 4 weeks. Then the proliferative degree of mesangium was examined by HE stain, PAS stain and immunfluorescent respectively. Mesagium area proportion in glomerular capillaries area was calculated using image analyzing system. The expression of PCNA in the glomeruli was examined by immunohis to chemistry. Results: The effective compounds of TongMai can control the hyperplasia of the glomemlar mesangial cells (GMG)and the mainifold of the mesangial matrix, and prevent the deposit of IgG in mesangium. The proportions in glomerular capillaries area in model control group were significantly higher than that in the treatment groups; The express of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were ascended either. Conclusion: The effective compound of TongMai can improve the damage s of pathology in glomerular.

[Objective] To observe the effect of combination of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) and Fructus Evodiae (FE) in various proportions on rat models with heat syndrome. [Methods] Rat models with heat syndrome were set up by gastric infusion of Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari. Fifty rats were allocated to five groups: normal control group (Group A), model group (Group B), model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 6∶1 (Group C), model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 2∶1 (Group D) and model rats treated with RC and FE at the proportion of 1∶1 (Group E). [Results] Ultrastructure of hepatic cells were improved in Group C, Group D and Group E. Indexes of heat syndrome such as temperature, serum corticosteroid (Cor) level and 17 - hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) content in homogenate of adrenal glands were decreased in Group C and Group D but stayed unchanged in Group E as compared with Group B ( P

An investigation of the current nurse-patient relationship is conducted in Guangzhou city,by analyzing the data it can be concluded that the attitude of nursing service and skills of communication,the degree of nurses' knowledge on their patients' cases have a significant influence on the nurse-patient relationship.Nurses should play a leading role in nurse-patient relationship.There is a lack of mutual consideration and understanding between nurses and patients,which lead to nurse-patient misunderstanding and conflicts.There is a strong desire to discuss the case together intensively between nurses and patients.Furthermore,the lack of effective communication and teamwork between medical staff will also hinder the relief of tension in current physician-patient relationship.

Objective To investigate the anti- inflammatory and analgesic a ctions of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) and its compositions and to study its rule of compatibility.Methods Analgesic action of HGWD and its compositio ns were observed by hot- plate method and acetic- acid- induced body twist me thod. Anti- inflammatory action of HGWD and its compositions were observed on t he models of xylene- induced auricular swelling in mice, celiac capillary perme ability in mice, cotton- induced granuloma in rats, albumem- induced arthritis and adjuvant arthritis in rats.Results HGWD and its drug pairs could inhibit the acute inflammation induced by albumen and xylene and rat adjuvant arthriti, decrease the celiac capillary permeability, inhibit the proliferation of granu loma, increase the pain threshold in mice and reduce the frequencies of body tw ist induced by acetic acid.Conclusion HGWD has significant anti- inflammatory and analgesic actions, so does single drug; Radix Astragali alone, but when Ra dix Astragali is used with the other drugs in HGWD, its effect can be enhanced.

Having referred the Chinese academic publications on TCM during the last decade ,we summarized the researches in Angelica Decoction (AD), which included immunoregulatory, circulatory system, the basis of decoction composition, anti-oxidation, liver injury and compaibility. AD can improve the immunity action, meliorate abnormal circulation, and also has the effects of anti-oxidation and protection of liver injury. Futher study on AD should be focused on its mechanism and material basis in the future.

The apparatus introduced in this paper can be used to measure and record the realtime environmental parameters and such physical information of individual protection equipment as the temperature,thermal current and thermal insulating value.The apparatus has several advantages including high accuracy,practicability,reliability and easy to operate.

Objective To study the effect on proliferation of glomerular mesangial(GMC) cell by the dose compatible proportion between Radix Astrsgali and Radix Notoginseng in Tongmai Oral Liquid(TMOL) so as to select the optimal dose proportion.Methods We used serological pharmacological methods to prepare Decoction of Tongmai of different dose proportions and assay its effect on the proliferation of GMC to confirm the best dose compatible proportion between Radix Astrsgali and Radix Notoginseng of Decoction of Tongmai.Results Both TMOL and the different proportions between Radix Astrsgali and Radix Notoginseng(6∶1,3∶1,1.5∶1) of Decoction of Tongmai could inhibit the proliferation of GMC cultured either in fetal cow serum(FCS) or in FCS plus lipoplysaccharide.The inhibitory effect of Decoction of Tongmai(3∶1) group was better than both Decoction of Tongmai 6∶1 and Decoction of Tongmai 1.5∶1.Conclusion The dose compatible proportion between Radix Astrsgali and Radix Notoginseng in TMOL was reasonable.