The advancement of tissue clearing technology has significantly propelled neuroscience research. Nevertheless, the fluorescent proteins used in traditional transgenic mouse strains were not specifically optimized for tissue clearing procedures, resulting in a substantial decrease in fluorescent intensity after clearing. In this study, we developed the Ci1 reporter mouse strain (where Ci stands for the Chinese Institute for Brain Research, CIBR) based on the bright red fluorescent protein mScarlet. The Ci1 reporter exhibits no fluorescence leakage in various organs or tissue types and can be readily crossed with multiple tissue-specific Cre lines. Compared to the Ai14 mouse strain, the Ci1 reporter strain demonstrates lower non-specific leakage, stronger fluorescence intensity in different tissues, and better preservation of fluorescence following tissue clearing treatment. The creation of the Ci1 reporter provides a more effective tool for both neuroscience and other biomedical research applications.
Animals ; Luminescent Proteins/metabolism* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mice ; Red Fluorescent Protein ; Brain/metabolism* ; Genes, Reporter ; Fluorescence

A total of 820 patients who visited Endocrinology department in our hospital were enrolled in the study from June 2016 to May 2018. These patients were divided into diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) and non-diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) groups according to the occurrence of DR. Factors such as gender, age, course of diabetes, smoking/drinking history, family history of diabetes, and onset age of diabetes were compared between the two groups, and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of DR. The results showed that there were 387 smoker( 47. 2％) and 433 non-smoker ( 52. 8％) in 820 tyge 2 diabetic patients, and 339 ( 41. 3％) patients were diagnosed with DR. There were no statistical differences in gender, age, body mass index, family history of diabetes, drinking history, and HbA1C between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of diabetes (OR=2.653,P<0.001), hypertension(OR=1.371,P=0.041),onset age of diabetes<40years(OR=1.526,P=0.028) , and adolescent smoking history( OR=2.178,P<0.001) were independent risk factors for DR.

Stroke canlead to hemiplegia,aphasia,and cognitive impairment,and also complicate with seizure and epilepsy.In recent years,there are more and more studies about post-stroke seizure and post-stroke epilepsy,but the main focus is on risk factors.This article reviews the risk factors,pathogenesis,and treatment of post-stroke seizure and post-stroke epilepsy.

Background and purpose:Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of gastric cancer.It is becoming a direction that the choice of chemotherapeutic agent for the clinic will be based on the levels of some relative gene expressions in the tumor tissue.As the key enzymes of fluoropyrimidines,the expression levels of thymidylate synthase(TS) and thymidine phosphorylase(TP) may correlate with the response of tumor to chemotherapy.This study was to investigate the expression of TS and TP mRNA in gastric cancer tissues and their correlation with prognosis.Methods:The expression levels of TS,TP mRNA in 51 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:The median expression levels of TS,TP mRNA were 0.94 and 21.20,respectively.There was significant difference in terms of disease-free and overall survival between the gastric cancer patients with high and low TS mRNA expression level(P0.05)but not overall survival(P0.05).Conclusions:The expression levels of TS,TP mRNA may serve as prognostic markers for gastric cancer patients treated with FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective To elucidate the clinical, electrophysiological, neuropathological features of two cases of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) in one pedigree, and to review the literature of HNPP, so as to promote the understanding and diagnostic acuity of the disease. Methods Detailed electromyogram, motor and sensory conduction velocity, and distal motor latency were measured for clinically affected and unaffected nerves in the two patients. Sural nerve biopsy was performed for case one and the specimen was observed under light microscope and elcctronmicroscope. The cases reported in China up to the present were collected. Results Case one was an 18 year old male with a 9 year history of recurrent weakness and numbness of limbs precipitated by compression or stretch. Case two was his father. Although he had not experienced clinical episode of limb weakness and numbness, physiological examination revealed signs of peripheral neuropathy. Eletrophysiological study demonstrated diffuse peripheral nerve damage with decreased nerve conduction velocity, delayed distal motor latency, especially a decrease in motor conduction velocity at common entrapment sites, including clinical unaffected nerves. Sural nerve biopsy showed that myelin sheath of most myelinated fibers with normal axons was thickened. Some thickened myelin sheath was seen to invaginate into the axon. No onion bulb was found and unmyelinated fibers were relatively normal. Only 9 cases of HNPP were reported in China, but no DNA analysis was performed for any of them. Conclusions HNPP is a rare disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. Nerve conduction study is an important diagnostic method for screening. Its definite diagnosis relies on the typical pathological findings in nerve biopsy specimen. Sural nerve biopsy could be avoided for diagnosis if the family history were positive and nerve conduction study should show diffuse peripheral nerve damage