The method of decocting and taking medicine can directly influence the efficacy of the Chinese herbal medicine,and is the key to enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity.As the originator of classic books for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions,Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases has recorded various specific methods of decocting and taking medicine in details.This paper summarized and sorted out various methods of decocting the same Chinese herbal medicine,re-decocting method with the removal of dregs(for concentrating medicinal solution),method of decocting pills,dosage of medicine,time for taking medicine,and notices and healthcare after medication recorded in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases.Moreover,the dialectical view in the method of decocting medicine recorded in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases.was explored.The special method of decocting and taking medicine in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases included the TCM dialectical view of using the same Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of different diseases,consideration of both Chinese herbal medicine and syndromes,drastic purgatives for chasing long-term efficacy.The method of taking medicine contained the TCM dialectical view of modification of the medicine dosage according to syndrome differentiation,adapting to the general trend,and suspension after medicine starting an effect.It is believed that the method of decocting and taking medicine for the prescriptions in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases is established according to syndrome differentiation,and the utilization of various methods of decocting and taking medicine as well as notices and healthcare after medication in accordance with the characteristics of diseases and syndromes ensures the prescriptions meeting the pathogenesis,and then enhance the clinical efficacy.

Objective To analyze the possible mechanisms of Jiangtang Sanhung Tablets in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy(DR)by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods Databases and platforms such as TCMSP,SwissADME,ETCM 2.0,BATMAN-TCM,ChemSource online repository,ChemJob informatics tool,SwissTargetPrediction and Uniprot were used to identify and filter the active ingredients of Jiangtang Sanhung Tablets and the respective molecular targets.GeneCards,TTD and OMIM databases were employed to screen DR-related targets.The Venny 2.1 platform was used to determin the overlapping targets of Jiangtang Sanhung Tablets and diseases,and STRING platform was used to establish the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,from which the pivotal action targets were selected.The Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis was applied by using DAVID database,and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used to create network models of"Chinese medicines-active ingredients-targets-signaling pathways-diseases"to further filter the key active ingredients of Jiangtang Sanhung Tablets.Finally,molecular docking was performed by AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 software to conduct the interactions between key active ingredients and pivotal targets.Results The 467 potential active ingredients and 309 common targets were screened out,and the targets were involved in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways.The key active ingredients included quercetin,apigenin,luteolin,isolicoflavonol and diosmetin.Mainly act on the pivotal targets IL6,AKT1,STAT3,EGFR,and TP53.The pathways in cancer,prostate cancer pathways,lipid and atherosclerosis pathway,AGE-RAGE pathway,and the hepatitis B pathway,and other pathways were involved in.Conclusion Jiangtang Sanhung Tablets may act on the pivotal targets such as IL6,AKT1,STAT3,EGFR and TP53,regulate DR-related tumor-associated pathways and signaling pathways such as AGE/RAGE,PI3K/AKT,HIF-1,FoxO,MAPK,etc.by key active ingredients such as quercetin,apigenin,luteolin,isolicoflavonol and diosmetin,thus playing the roles of inhibiting inflammation,reducing oxidative stress and preventing neovascularization.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of yoga practice guided by Ziwuliuzhu (midnight-noon ebb-flow) theory on improving the symptoms of kidney deficiency. Methods A single-blind controlled clinical trial was carried out in 21 kidney deficiency patients. The patients were divided into two groups, 10 cases in the treatment group and 11 in the control group. During the experiment, one case of the control group dropped out. The patients in the treatment group took yogo practice ( including yin yogo and flow yogo) at Beijing time 18∶25-19∶25, a period of Youshi for kidney meridian in Guangzhou area, and the patients in the control group took the same yogo practice at Beijing time 10∶00-11∶00. The practice lasted one month. Results ( 1) The total effective rate of treatment group was 80.0% and that of control group was 60.0%, the difference being insignificant between the two trail groups ( P>0.05). ( 2) After practice, kidney-yin deficiency symptoms of aching and weakness of waist and knees, feverish sensation over five centers, and kidney-yang deficiency symptoms of aching and weakness of waist and knees, and short breath were much relieved in the treatment group ( P<0.05). In the control group, only frequent nocturia was much relieved ( P<0.05). The differences of kidney deficiency symptom relief were insignificant between the two groups ( P>0.05). ( 3) No obvious adverse reaction was found in the two groups during practice. Conclusion Compared with other period, yogo practice ( practice position for stimulating kidney meridian) at Youshi period shows better effectiveness on kidney deficiency symptoms, but there are insignificant differences of the effectiveness of yoga practice guided by Ziwuliuzhu theory on improving the symptoms of kidney deficiency.

Objective] To analyze the application of the idea of Stomach Qi of Treatise on Cold-Induced Disease in the differentiation of disease and pulse. [Method] To choose and analyze the articles, line by line, related to stomach Qi, including trying to treat, diet, stool and pulse, and to conclude the application of stomach Qi thought in disease diagnosis, cure and predicting the condition of disease.[Result] Treatise on Cold-Induced Disease advocating trying drug and food, if there was fever after drug and food, it meant stomach Qi was impaired, and it was hard to cure the diseases. On the contrary, there was stomach Qi, it was easy to cure the diseases. By using Xiao Chengqi Tang to try, if there was flatus to turn, it meant that stomach Qi was strong, and Catharis could be used. On the contrary, catharis could not be used. Being able to eat meaned that there was sthenic fever in middle energizer,or stomach Qi was recovering, or middle energizer was very deficient. Being not able to eat meaned the different condition of stomach Qi, according to the accompaning symptoms. Though observing the amount, shapes, colours,smel and frequency of feces, the conditions of heat and cold, deficiency and excess of a disease could be concluded. If syndrome and pulse were consistent, it meant that Stomach Qi stil existed, and a serious il ness could be cured. conversely stomach Qi was extremely deficient, and it was hard to cure a mild il ness. Floating FuYang pulse and too creek pulse being smal er than ChongYang pulse al meaned stomach Qi existing.[Result] Treatise on Cold-Induced Disease often judged the ups and downs of stomach Qi according to the differentiation of disease and pulse ,to predict the condition of disease.

This study was aimed to analyze the regulation of syndrome-treatment pattern of classical Chinese medici-nal formulae for emotional diseases based on formal concept analysis. First, we dealt with the decision formal context of 51 prescriptions about emotional symptom in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases and the Es-sentials from the Golden Cabinet based on the principle of optimization. Then, we generated a new partial-order at-tribute diagram in order to present the specific character. Finally, we explained properties of partial-order structure graph from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) experts' point of view based on knowledge discovery. The results indi-cated the relationship between prescription and syndrome of emotional diseases. It was concluded that method pro-posed in this paper worked well in treatment of description of syndrome differentiation and discovery of new knowl-edge from the known data in the clinical diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the influence of health-care Qigong Baduanjin on mental health of patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) . Methods Eighty-nine IGT patients were sampled from the physical examination center of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and then the subjects were randomly divided into groups A (N=30), B (N=29), C (N=30), which received health education, health education combined with walking exercise, health education combined with Baduanjin separately for one year. The scores of factors of physical and mental symptom checklist (SCL-90) were recorded before and after intervention. Results Compared to those before intervention, factor scores of interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety in group A were decreased obvi ously ( P<0.01) , factor scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, terror, paranoia, psychosis in group B were decreased obviously (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and factor scores of somatization, inter-personal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, paranoia, psychosis in group C were also decreased obviously (P<0.05 or P<0.01) after intervention. Group B had lower factor scores of somatization and interpersonal sensitivity than group A (P<0.05), group C had lower factor scores of somatization, anxiety, and paranoia than group A (P<0.05 or P<0.01), group B had lower factor scores of anxiety than group C (P<0.05) . Conclusion Both Baduanjin and walking exercise can promote mental health of patients with IGT, and the effect of Baduanjin is superior to that of walking exercise.

The modern TCM believes that Yin defi ciency and dryness-heat is the basic pathogenesis of wasting thirst.The concepts of Yin defi ciency and dryness-heat and yin-yang were re-interpreted and re-analyzed according to the TCM classics combining with the clinical practice in this article.Based on above analysis we can draw a conclusion that the basic pathogenesis of wasting thirst and its complications was vigor defi ciency and the key treatment was to reinforce the vigor.

Objective To observe the effect of the spleen-strengthening and qi-invigorating herbal medicines on insulin mediator in type 2 diabetic rats with spleen-qi deficiency syndrome.Methods Rat models were induced by intraperitioneal injection of streptozocin (STZ),overstrain,abnormal meals with greasy foods.Model rats were randomly allocated to two groups:Group A was treated with herbal medicine with the actions of strengthening spleen and invigorating qi;Group B was treated with purified water.The normal rats were allocated to the control group.The serum contents of fasting blood-glucose and insulin were observed before and after 3-week treatment.The content of hepatic cell-membrane insulin mediator was observed after 3-week treatment.Results After 3 weeks of treatement the serum contents of fasting blood-glucose were decreased and the sensitivity of serum insulin were increased in Group A as compared with those before treatment (P

Objective To observe the effect of Wenpishen Nuanganwei Recipes(WPSNGWR)on insulin resistance(IR)and low rank inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Method 80 patients with T2DM were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).Patients attended to the education courses for diabetes and were treated with hypoglycemic agent in routine and reasonable diet.To those patients in the treatment group,WPSNGWR decoction was given additionally with one dose taken twice per day,a treatment course for a month,totally for 2 courses.Parameters as fasting blood glucose(FBG),postprandial 2 hours blood glucose(P2HBG),fasting insulin(FINS),C-reactive protein(CRP)before and after treatment were measured,and insulin sensitive index(ISI)was calculated.Results After 2 months of treatment,the serum level of FBG and P2HBG lowered in both groups(P

Objective To observe the effect of spleen-strengthening and qi-invigorating prescription(SQP) on serum inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats with spleen-qi deficiency syndrome. Methods Rat models were induced by intraperitioneal injection of streptozocin(STZ,30 mg/kg) combined with overstrain,abnormal meals,and greasy foods. Model rats were randomly allocated to three groups:model group was treated with purified water; western medicine(WM) group was treated with aspirin enteric-coated tablet,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group was treated with SQP. And the normal rats were allocated to the normal control group. The course of treatment lasted 6 weeks.Parameters such as fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-? ) were measured after treatment,and insulin sensitive index(ISI) was also calculated. Result After treatment for 4 weeks,the above observation indexes were higher in model group than those in the normal control group. In TCM group,the serum levels of FBG,FINS,CRP,IL-6,and TNF-? were significantly lowered,while ISI was increased,and the effect being better than that in the WM group(P