BACKGROUND:With the development of the aging trend of society,the incidence of femoral neck fractures is increasing.Currently,the preferred surgical treatment is cannulated screw internal fixation.However,post-surgical femoral neck shortening occurs in some cases,resulting in impaired hip functionality.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence of femoral neck shortening following the use of half-threaded cannulated screws for internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures,to analyze the effect on hip function,and to identify factors contributing to neck shortening.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 102 patients treated with half-threaded cannulated screws in an inverted triangle setup for femoral neck fractures at Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University from January 2016 to January 2021.This group included 36 males and 66 females at the mean age of(57.2±7.7)years,with 34 cases of Garden type Ⅰ and Ⅱ fractures and 68 of Garden type Ⅲ and Ⅳ fractures.The mean bone mineral density value T was-2.8 SD.The Harris score was used to evaluate the hip function.During the follow-up period,the occurrence of femoral neck shortening was determined using X-ray imagery,and the factors influencing this shortening were examined using both univariate and multivariate regression analyses.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Among the 102 patients with femoral neck fractures,30 patients developed femoral neck shortening,accounting for 29.4％.72 patients had no femoral neck shortening(70.6％).(2)The Harris score for patients experiencing neck shortening was significantly lower than that for patients without shortening(P＜0.05).(3)The study identified several factors associated with femoral neck shortening following the internal fixation of femoral neck fractures included age,gender,bone mineral density value T,preoperative Garden classification,and quality of reduction.These factors not only affect the shortening of the femoral neck after surgery,but are also directly related to the functional performance of the patient's hip joint.(4)Femoral neck shortening after surgery for femoral neck fracture is associated with various clinical parameters,especially the patient's age,gender,bone mineral density,preoperative classification,and accuracy of reduction during surgery.

BACKGROUND:With the development of the aging trend of society,the incidence of femoral neck fractures is increasing.Currently,the preferred surgical treatment is cannulated screw internal fixation.However,post-surgical femoral neck shortening occurs in some cases,resulting in impaired hip functionality.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence of femoral neck shortening following the use of half-threaded cannulated screws for internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures,to analyze the effect on hip function,and to identify factors contributing to neck shortening.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 102 patients treated with half-threaded cannulated screws in an inverted triangle setup for femoral neck fractures at Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University from January 2016 to January 2021.This group included 36 males and 66 females at the mean age of(57.2±7.7)years,with 34 cases of Garden type Ⅰ and Ⅱ fractures and 68 of Garden type Ⅲ and Ⅳ fractures.The mean bone mineral density value T was-2.8 SD.The Harris score was used to evaluate the hip function.During the follow-up period,the occurrence of femoral neck shortening was determined using X-ray imagery,and the factors influencing this shortening were examined using both univariate and multivariate regression analyses.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Among the 102 patients with femoral neck fractures,30 patients developed femoral neck shortening,accounting for 29.4％.72 patients had no femoral neck shortening(70.6％).(2)The Harris score for patients experiencing neck shortening was significantly lower than that for patients without shortening(P＜0.05).(3)The study identified several factors associated with femoral neck shortening following the internal fixation of femoral neck fractures included age,gender,bone mineral density value T,preoperative Garden classification,and quality of reduction.These factors not only affect the shortening of the femoral neck after surgery,but are also directly related to the functional performance of the patient's hip joint.(4)Femoral neck shortening after surgery for femoral neck fracture is associated with various clinical parameters,especially the patient's age,gender,bone mineral density,preoperative classification,and accuracy of reduction during surgery.

Diabetic nephropathy （DN） is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes， with a complex pathogenesis involving immune inflammatory responses， oxidative stress， apoptosis， glomerulosclerosis， renal interstitial fibrosis， and other pathological processes. In recent years， numerous animal or cell model experiments have revealed that the transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog （Smad）， phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）/ protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT）， neurogenic locus notch homolog protein （Notch）， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， secretory glycoprotein （Wnt）/β-catenin， and other classical signaling pathways play important roles in the occurrence and development of DN. Traditional Chinese medicines， as natural drugs， possess characteristics such as multiple components， multiple targets， and few adverse reactions， demonstrating unique advantages in regulating the aforementioned signaling pathways and improving renal pathological changes. This review summarized recent research progress on the intervention of DN through the regulation of the aforementioned signaling pathways by single compounds and formulas of traditional Chinese medicine， focusing on their mechanisms of action in regulating immune inflammatory responses， inhibiting renal fibrosis， oxidative stress， improving metabolic disorders， and other aspects. The aim is to provide theoretical references for a deeper understanding of the modern pharmacological basis and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of DN.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of lentivirus-mediated overexpression of suppressors of cytokine sig-naling 3(SOCS3)on the heart of rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM).Methods Thirty Lewis rats were randomly di-vided into a control group,EAM group and EAM+SOCS3 group.The EAM rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of cardiac myosin.On day 0 of the experiment,the EAM+SOCS3 group was injected with lentivirus overexpressing SOCS3 via the tail vein,and the EAM group was injected with an equal amount of empty vector lentivirus.On day 21 of the experiment,all rats underwent echocardio-graphy to evaluate cardiac function and were then euthanized.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of serum cardiac troponin T,creatine kinase-myocardial band,B-type natriuretic peptide,and myocardial interleukin-6,interleukin-1 β and tumor necrosis fac-tor-α.Immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blot(WB)were used to detect the expressions of SOCS3,Janus kinase 2(JAK2),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in myocardial tissue.Results The myocardial pathological score,serum lev-els of cardiac troponin T,creatine kinase-myocardial band,B-type natriuretic peptide,and myocardial levels of interleukin-6,inter-leukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the EAM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The cardiac function of the EAM group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of myocardial JAK2,STAT3,MCP-1 and TGF-β in the EAM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).These indexes in the EAM+SOCS3 group were significantly restored compared with those in the EAM group(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of SOCS3 in the myocardial tissue of the EAM+SOCS3 group were significantly higher than those in the EAM group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of SOCS3 may ameliorates the inflammatory response of the myocardium in EAM rats and im-prove cardiac function by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and downregulating the expressions of MCP-1 and TGF-β.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic imaging characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following Yttrium-90 selective internal radiation therapy ( 90Y-SIRT) and to compare these with imaging findings after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods:This retrospective case-control study included 24 HCC patients who received 90Y-SIRT at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, between September 2021 and June 2023, establishing the 90Y-SIRT group. Additionally, 45 HCC patients who underwent their first TACE treatment at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University during the same period were included as the TACE group. Patients underwent MRI and/or CT follow-ups at 1-3 months (first follow-up) and 3-6 months (second follow-up) after treatment. The analyzed imaging features included tumor characteristics, peritumoral features, and measurements of tumor and liver volumes, with postoperative change rates calculated. Imaging differences between the 90Y-SIRT and TACE groups were statistically compared using the Mann-Whitney U test or χ2 test. Results:At the first follow-up, compared to baseline, a higher proportion of lesions in the 90Y-SIRT group exhibited a reduction in arterial phase enhancement in the viable region (10/13) than in the TACE group (10/29), with a statistically significant difference ( P=0.040). The necrotic region of the tumor on T 1WI showed significantly lower signal intensity in the 90Y-SIRT group than in the TACE group ( Z=2.98, P=0.006). The change in the apparent diffusion coefficient value in the viable region compared to baseline was 157.0×10 -3(-62.0×10 -3, 311.5×10 -3) mm2/s in the 90Y-SIRT group and -56.0×10 -3 (-216.8×10 -3, 110.0×10 -3) mm2/s in the TACE group, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.71, P=0.008). At the first and second follow-up, the contralateral liver lobe volume increased significantly in the 90Y-SIRT group, with a statistically significant difference from the TACE group ( Z=-3.21, -3.78, both P=0.001). Regarding peritumoral imaging characteristics, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in the low signal intensity of the liver lobe or segment where the tumor waslocated during the hepatobiliary phase ( P=0.020, 0.040). Both HCC groups exhibited progressive tumor volume reduction after treatment. In the 90Y-SIRT group, the change rates of lesion volume relative to baseline at the two follow-ups were -23.0% (-45.6%, 7.9%) and -68.7% (-82.7%, -28.5%), respectively. In the TACE group, the values were -29.8% (-53.6%, -2.7%) and -38.0% (-65.3%, -10.7%). The differences between the two groups were not statistically significant ( Z=-0.52, P=0.605; Z=-1.79, P=0.073). Conclusion:There is a statistically significant difference in the tumor imaging features and peritumoral imaging characteristics between 90Y-SIRT and TACE. 90Y-SIRT demonstrates a notable advantage in promoting contralateral liver lobe regeneration while also contributing to tumor size reduction.

Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants (CCBRs) are a rare congenital benign abnormality resulting from branchial arch dysplasia, characterized primarily by the presence of ectopic exophytic cartilaginous tissue in the neck present at birth. In July 2024, a case of CCBRs was treated at Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, involving a 7-year-and-10-month-old female patient. At birth, a bean-sized, rod-shaped, firm mass was noted on the left side of her neck, which progressively grew to the size of a corn kernel, measuring approximately 1.0 cm×1.2 cm. No significant local tenderness, redness, swelling, or ulceration was observed. Comprehensive examinations revealed no associated comorbidities. The patient underwent surgical excision of the neck mass. Postoperative pathological examination with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining revealed elastic cartilage in the central region of the lesion. The neck incision healed primarily, and no subsequent reappearance of the lesion was observed during the four-month follow-up. This article summarized the diagnostic and therapeutic process of this patient with CCBRs, and through a comprehensive literature review, highlighted that CCBRs represent one of the superficial markers of branchial arch dysplasia, with surgical excision being the primary treatment. Given that branchial arch abnormalities may be associated with structural or functional anomalies in other organs, a thorough systemic evaluation is recommended prior to surgery. Notwithstanding the absence of concomitant malformations detected on initial evaluation, continuous long-term follow-up monitoring is recommended to mitigate the risk of potential diagnoses being overlooked.

This article reported a case of a newborn with congenital absence of the penis. The prenatal examinations were unremarkable. Physical examination of the newborn revealed abnormal external genitalia, with well-developed scrotum and fully descended testicle in normal size, but without the penis. Postnatal ultrasound showed no obvious signals of uterus and ovaries in pelvis and had normal bilateral testicles and urinary system. The diagnosis was congenital absence of the penis.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of lentivirus-mediated overexpression of suppressors of cytokine sig-naling 3(SOCS3)on the heart of rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM).Methods Thirty Lewis rats were randomly di-vided into a control group,EAM group and EAM+SOCS3 group.The EAM rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of cardiac myosin.On day 0 of the experiment,the EAM+SOCS3 group was injected with lentivirus overexpressing SOCS3 via the tail vein,and the EAM group was injected with an equal amount of empty vector lentivirus.On day 21 of the experiment,all rats underwent echocardio-graphy to evaluate cardiac function and were then euthanized.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of serum cardiac troponin T,creatine kinase-myocardial band,B-type natriuretic peptide,and myocardial interleukin-6,interleukin-1 β and tumor necrosis fac-tor-α.Immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blot(WB)were used to detect the expressions of SOCS3,Janus kinase 2(JAK2),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in myocardial tissue.Results The myocardial pathological score,serum lev-els of cardiac troponin T,creatine kinase-myocardial band,B-type natriuretic peptide,and myocardial levels of interleukin-6,inter-leukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the EAM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The cardiac function of the EAM group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of myocardial JAK2,STAT3,MCP-1 and TGF-β in the EAM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).These indexes in the EAM+SOCS3 group were significantly restored compared with those in the EAM group(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of SOCS3 in the myocardial tissue of the EAM+SOCS3 group were significantly higher than those in the EAM group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of SOCS3 may ameliorates the inflammatory response of the myocardium in EAM rats and im-prove cardiac function by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and downregulating the expressions of MCP-1 and TGF-β.

Objective:To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on sleep structure and quality in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods:Sixty children with ASD who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)criteria were randomly assigned to rTMS treatment group and pseudo-treatment group.The rTMS group received bilateral low-frequency(0.5 Hz)stimulation,and the pseudo-treatment group received pseudo-stimulation at the same time and place.Sleep quality and autism symptoms were assessed at baseline,midpoint(15 sessions),and endpoint(30 sessions),using the Childhood Sleep Disorders Scale(SDSC)and the Behavior Rating Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders(ABC)before treatment,15 times and 30 times of intervention,and statistical analysis was performed.Results:There was no significant difference in SDSC factor and total score between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05).After 15 and 30 treatments,the total scores of SDSC and all factors were lower in the rTMS group than in the pseudo-treatment group(P＜0.05).Repeated measurement ANOVA found that there was an interaction be-tween the groups and the number of interventions,that is,the scores of the two groups had different downward trends,and the decline of the treatment group was more obvious than that of the pseudo-treatment group.There was no significant difference in the interaction between ABC scale scores and intervention times(P＞0.05).Conclu-sion:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation significantly improves the sleep structure and quality in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective:To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on sleep structure and quality in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods:Sixty children with ASD who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)criteria were randomly assigned to rTMS treatment group and pseudo-treatment group.The rTMS group received bilateral low-frequency(0.5 Hz)stimulation,and the pseudo-treatment group received pseudo-stimulation at the same time and place.Sleep quality and autism symptoms were assessed at baseline,midpoint(15 sessions),and endpoint(30 sessions),using the Childhood Sleep Disorders Scale(SDSC)and the Behavior Rating Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders(ABC)before treatment,15 times and 30 times of intervention,and statistical analysis was performed.Results:There was no significant difference in SDSC factor and total score between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05).After 15 and 30 treatments,the total scores of SDSC and all factors were lower in the rTMS group than in the pseudo-treatment group(P＜0.05).Repeated measurement ANOVA found that there was an interaction be-tween the groups and the number of interventions,that is,the scores of the two groups had different downward trends,and the decline of the treatment group was more obvious than that of the pseudo-treatment group.There was no significant difference in the interaction between ABC scale scores and intervention times(P＞0.05).Conclu-sion:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation significantly improves the sleep structure and quality in children with autism spectrum disorder.