Background Lead is a typical persistent environmental pollutant that can accumulate in bones for decades. During pregnancy, alterations in calcium metabolism promote the mobilization of bone lead, resulting in secondary exposure; however, the mechanisms by which pregnancy-associated bone lead mobilization affects maternal renal function remain unclear. Objective To investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in pregnancy-related bone lead mobilization-induced renal injury. Methods Newly weaned female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control or a lead-exposed group administered either 0.05% sodium acetate or 0.05% lead acetate in drinking water. Following a 4-week lead exposure and a 4-week washout period, the females were co-housed with healthy age-matched males for mating. Rats were sacrificed at early (gestational day 3) and late (gestational day 17) pregnancystages, respectively. Renal histopathology was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining staining. Mitochondria-related indicators, including oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and energy metabolism, were measured. Differential metabolites were identified using serum metabolomics. Results Renal injury in the lead-exposed pregnant rats progressed in a time-dependent manner, characterized by degeneration of proximal tubular epithelial cells, glomerular hyaline changes, and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between the treatment factor (lead exposure) and the temporal factor (gestational stage) on renal injury (P<0.001). Further analysis of mitochondrial function-related indicators in late-pregnancy renal tissue revealed that the lead exposure group exhibited significantly increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P<0.05), accompanied by a reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) activities (P<0.05); regarding inflammatory markers, levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were elevated (P<0.01), whereas interleukin-33 (IL-33) was decreased in the lead-exposed group (P<0.05); energy metabolism-related indicators, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase activities, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III, and V activities, were significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the lead-exposed gorup. The typical differential metabolite N-methylisoleucine, identified through serum metabolomics analysis, was negatively correlated with blood lead levels, kidney injury scores, and IL-1β, while positively correlated with catalase (CAT) activity and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase. Conclusions Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a critical role in renal injury induced by bone lead mobilization during late gestation.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in healthcare facilities in major regions of China in 2023.Methods Clinical isolates collected from 73 hospitals across China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2023 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints.Results A total of 445199 clinical isolates were collected in 2023,of which 29.0％ were gram-positive and 71.0％ were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi) (MRSA,MRSE and MRCNS) was 29.6％,81.9％ and 78.5％,respectively.Methicillin-resistant strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than methicillin-susceptible strains (MSSA,MSSE and MSCNS).Overall,92.9％ of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 91.4％ of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis had significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 93.1％ in the isolates from children and and 95.9％ in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 15.0％ for most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,22.5％ and 23.6％ of which were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively .Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.6％ to 10.0％.The resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem was 21.9％ and 17.4％ for Pseudomonas aeruginosa,respectively,and 67.5％ and 68.1％ for Acinetobacter baumannii,respectively.Conclusions Increasing resistance to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still observed in clinical bacterial isolates.However,the prevalence of important crabapenem-resistant organisms such as crabapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a slightly decreasing trend.This finding suggests that strengthening bacterial resistance surveillance and multidisciplinary linkage are important for preventing the occurrence and development of bacterial resistance.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in healthcare facilities in major regions of China in 2023.Methods Clinical isolates collected from 73 hospitals across China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2023 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints.Results A total of 445199 clinical isolates were collected in 2023,of which 29.0％ were gram-positive and 71.0％ were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi) (MRSA,MRSE and MRCNS) was 29.6％,81.9％ and 78.5％,respectively.Methicillin-resistant strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than methicillin-susceptible strains (MSSA,MSSE and MSCNS).Overall,92.9％ of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 91.4％ of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis had significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 93.1％ in the isolates from children and and 95.9％ in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 15.0％ for most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,22.5％ and 23.6％ of which were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively .Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.6％ to 10.0％.The resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem was 21.9％ and 17.4％ for Pseudomonas aeruginosa,respectively,and 67.5％ and 68.1％ for Acinetobacter baumannii,respectively.Conclusions Increasing resistance to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still observed in clinical bacterial isolates.However,the prevalence of important crabapenem-resistant organisms such as crabapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a slightly decreasing trend.This finding suggests that strengthening bacterial resistance surveillance and multidisciplinary linkage are important for preventing the occurrence and development of bacterial resistance.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in all human physiological systems where they are responsible for transducing extracellular signals into cells. GPCRs signal in response to a diverse array of stimuli including light, hormones, and lipids, where these signals affect downstream cascades to impact both health and disease states. Yet, despite their importance as therapeutic targets, detailed molecular structures of only 30 GPCRs have been determined to date. A key challenge to their structure determination is adequate protein expression. Here we report the quantification of protein expression in an insect cell expression system for all 826 human GPCRs using two different fusion constructs. Expression characteristics are analyzed in aggregate and among each of the five distinct subfamilies. These data can be used to identify trends related to GPCR expression between different fusion constructs and between different GPCR families, and to prioritize lead candidates for future structure determination feasibility.
Animals ; Computational Biology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Domains ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Odorant ; metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sf9 Cells ; Spodoptera

Objective To study the clinical distribution and detection of the efflux pump gene in multiple drug-re?sistant acinetobacter baumannii. Methods The clinical distribution of 96 strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii was analyzed. K-B method was used to detect 96 strains of multi resistant bauman resisted to 15 kinds of antibiot?ics. PCR amplification was used to detect the efflux pump gene. Results Ninety-six strains of multiple drug-resistant aci?netobacter baumannii mainly distributed in intensive care unit (ICU, 54.2%) and respiratory department (18.8%). The drug resistance rates to quinolone, cephalosporins, amino glucoside, tetracycline were above 70%. The 52 strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii detected in ICU included 18 strains of adeB (34.62%), 16 strains of adeR (30.77%), 18 strains of adeS (34.62%), 18 strains of adeJ (34.62%), 0 strain of adeE and18 strains of adeM (34.62%). The18 strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii detected in respiratory department included 9 strains of adeB, 8 strains of adeR, 8 strains of adeS, 8 strains of adeJ, 0 strain of adeE and 8 strains of adeM. Conclusion Efflux pump genes are impor?tant factors for multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii distributed in ICU and respiratory department.

Objective To expore multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii efflux pump phenotype and efflux pump gene expression in the resistant isolates. Methods Application of K-B method to detect 96 strains isolated from the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii′ resistance to 15 kinds of antibacterial drugs, detecting multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii efflux pump phenotype with broth microdilution method by the addition of carbonyl cyanide chlorobenzene hydrazone ( CCCP) pump inhibitors,using PCR amplification and sequencing to study efflux pump protein gene sequence characteristics . Results The Acinetobacter baumannii resistance rate of 96 strains to quinolones, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines were 70. 8%-94. 8%.There were 34 positive efflux pump phenotypes in 96 multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, including 33 adeB strains, 32 adeR strains, 33 adeS strains, 33 adeJ strains,0 adeE strain,33 adeM strains, positive detection rate were 97. 06%, 94. 12%, 97. 06%, 97. 06%, 0, 97. 06%, respectively. By sequence comparison, adeB, adeR and adeS genes sequence homology was 100% in the GenBank. Conclusion Active efflux pump gene perturbation is one of the important factors in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Objectives To observe and quantify the intraepidermal and papillary dermal nerve fibers,and the contact between intraepidermal nerve fibers and Langerhans cells in the lesional skin of pso-riasis vulgaris.Methods The nerve fibers and Langerhans cells were analyzed with immunohistochemical LAB-SA method,double-labelled immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy in28biopsies of lesional skin taken from psoriatic patients and17normal controls.Results The length of nerve fibers was significantly longer in psoriatic lesions than that in normal controls(t =4.09,P

Thirty one cases of colon carcinoma were treated withChangliuping,combined with surgical operation andchemotherapy.The survuval rates of 1,3,and 5 years100%,81.25% and 65.0% respectively.Resultsshowed that this decoction is capable of improving thephysical condition,lowering the level of CEA,withcertain adjusting action on immunity,while experi-ments proved that the decoction yields marked inhibi-tion on S_(180),Lewis and EAC,on spontaneous metast-sis and marked elevation of cytoimmunity in tumorbearing mice.

Objective: To establish a method for controlling the quality of Agkistrodon halys's crude venom. Methods: The method of PAGE was carried out to identificate the Agkistrodon halys' crude venom, And the protein of crude venom was also assayed by Lowry's method. Results: The Agkistrodon halys's crude venom could be identified by the method of PAGE. The determintion of protein of crude venom showed a good linear relationship in a concentration range of 25 ?g?mL -1 ～250?g?mL -1 , the regression equation was Y=0.0147+ 1.4553X , and the correlation coefficient was 0.9992. The average recovery of the content reached 100.09, RSD=1.765(n=6). Conclusion: The method is simple, feasible, accurate and available, can be used to controlling of the quality of Agkistrodon halys's crude venom.

AIM: To study the effects of Bingcha Embolus on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of astrocytes in vitro in terms of serum pharmacology. METHODS: The cerebral cortex astrocytes of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were cultivated in vitro, and the purified astrocytes were randomly devided into Bingcha Embolus groups (high dose, middle dose, low dose) and control group after being identified by means of immunocytochemical method. After the incubation of 48 h with sera, MTT was employed as a proper method to detect the proliferation of astrocytes. The ratio of apoptosis and different cell cycle phases were measured by Flow Cytometry. RESULTS: The results of MTT showed that the cell number of Bingcha Embolus groups (high dose, middle dose) were obviously fewer than that of the control group (P