Objective To investigate the effect of reducing the image-guided X-ray field area on the accuracy of Cyberknife radiotherapy,in order to provide a feasible method for achieving patient protection optimization.Methods Firstly,the spine-tracking,fiducial tracking and lung-tracking radiotherapy plans were formulated for the simulation phantom,and then image-guided full-field localization and position pre-setting were carried out for the simulation phantom,and the spine-tracking,fiducial tracking and lung-tracking radiotherapy plans were executed for the simulation phantom using a reduced lead block field area,respectively.Secondly,the radiotherapy accuracy of different radiotherapy plans was verified by end-to-end(E2E)software using new EBT films of the same batch as the base film.Finally,the changes of the simulation phantom were compared in terms of position pre-presetting error,radiotherapy accuracy and lead block field area.Results The spine-tracking and fiducial tracking radiotherapy plans had the translation errors not higher than 0.1 mm and the rotation errors not higher than 0.1°,which were comparable to the fluctuated conventional Cyberknife image-guided locating;the spine-tracking,fiducial tracking and lung-tracking radiotherapy plans had the lead block field radiotherapy accu-racies being 0.71,0.18 and 1.06 mm,respectively,which met the clinical requirements for Cyberknife radiotherapy;the lead block field areas of the spine-tracking,fiducial tracking and lung-tracking radiotherapy plans were reduced to 19.75％,29.28％and 12.71％of the full field area,respectively,and the efficacy for field area optimization was significant.Conclusion It's feasible to involve a reduced image-guided X-ray field area in Cyberknife radiotherapy,which contributes to optimizing radiation protection for the patients.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(11):49-53]

Objective To explore the dosimetric effects of a self-developed planning mode of boundary range scattering dose(BRSD)on Cyberknife treatment of lung cancer brain metastases.Methods The positioning images of 15 patients with lung cancer brain metastases treated in the radiotherapy department of some institution from January 1,2021 to December 31,2021 were selected and introduced into Cyberknife Multiplan 4.0.3 treatment planning system.A fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy(FSRT)plan(as the FSRT planning group)and a BRSD plan(as the BRSD planning group)were developed for each patient.The FSRT planning group developed a plan for the planning target volume(PTV)in the conventional way,so that V100 covered more than 95％of the PTV;the BRSD planning group prepared a plan for the gross tumor volume(GTV)with the same parameter conditions as the FSRT planning group and the prescription dose was normalized to the PTV so that V100 covered more than 95％of the PTV.The dosimetric parameters of the target area and normal tissue of the 2 groups were compared by dose-volume histograms and isodose curves.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 software.Results The D98,Dmax and Dmean in the target area of the BRSD planning group were significantly higher than those of the FSRT planning group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the differences in the conformity index,dose gradient index,and Dmean,V30,V24 and D3cc in normal tissue of the 2 groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05);the BRSD planning group gained a denser dose distribution when compared with the FSRT planning group.Conclusion The BRSD planning mode gains significant dosimetric advantage by enhancing the absorbed dose to the target area without increasing or decreasing the dose to normal tissue.

China ; Humans ; Otolaryngology

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of high-salt diet on airway inflammation in mice with allergic asthma. MethodsTwenty 4-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups， including control group， allergic asthma model group， 4% high-salt diet group and 8% high-salt diet group. Ovalbumin（OVA）was injected intraperitoneally and inhaled to make an asthmatic model. The control group and the model group were fed ordinary diet and drinking water， and the high-salt groups were fed 4% or 8% high-salt diet and 1% saline respectively. After 25 days， the nasal symptoms of each group of mice were observed at the last challenge. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours later. The inflammatory cells of different subtype in the blood were measured by five classification of blood cell analysis. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the infiltration of eosinophils， and periodic acid-schiff （PAS） staining was used to observe the goblet cell proliferation in the lung tissue. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of helper T cells 1（Th1 cells）， Th2， Th17 cells and regulatory T cells （Treg cells） in the lung tissue， and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of cytokines interleukin-4 （IL-4）， IL-5， IL-13， and IL-17 of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. ResultsCompared with the allergic asthma model group， 4% and 8% high-salt diet significantly reduced the proportion of eosinophils in blood， the proportion of Th17 cells in lung tissue， and IL-13 and IL-17 levels in BALF， but he effect of 8% high-salt diet on IL-13 was more significant than that of 4% high-salt diet （P<0.05）. However， only 8% high-salt diet significantly relieved nasal symptom， improved eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell proliferation， reduced the proportion of Th2 cells and Th2/ Th1 ratio in lung tissue and the levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF （P<0.05）. ConclusionsShort-term high-salt diet can alleviate airway inflammation in mice with allergic asthma， and the effects of 8% high-salt diet are better than that of 4% high-salt diet.

ObjectiveExcessive oxidative stress can promote platelet oxidative damage and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Fruitflow， a water-soluble tomato extract， can inhibit platelet aggregation and activation， but it has not been reported whether Fruitflow can reduce platelet oxidative damage through autophagy. Therefore， we conducted this study to investigate the effect of Fruitflow on oxidative damage in H₂O₂-treated platelets as well as the underlying mechanism in vitro. MethodsGel-filtered platelets from healthy people were pre-incubated with different concentrations （0， 20， 40， 80 mg/L） of Fruitflow for 30 minutes， and then treated with H₂O₂ （1 mmol/L） for another 60 minutes. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential（ΔΨm）depolarization was determined by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect reactive oxygen species （ROS） level. The expression of p53， phospho-p53， LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ， and p62 was detected by Western blot. ResultsFruitflow significantly inhibited the ΔΨm depolarization， ROS production and p53 phosphorylation in H₂O₂-treated platelets （P<0.05）. The autophagy inhibiter （3-MA） significantly reversed the effect of Fruitflow on reduction of platelet ROS generation （P<0.05）. In addition， Fruitflow reduced p62 and increased the expression level of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ in resting platelets （P<0.05）， and increased the expression level of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ in H₂O₂-treated platelets （P<0.05）. Furthermore， the effect of Fruitflow on decreasing ΔΨm depolarization in H₂O₂-treated platelet was reversed by 3-MA （P<0.05）. ConclusionFruitflow can significantly reduce the H₂O₂-induced platelet oxidative damage by promoting autophagy in vitro.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the correlated factors of sleep quality among H-type hypertensive patients， and to provide a theoretical basis for improving their sleep quality. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study which recruited 2 609 H-type hypertensive patients from 14 provinces in China. The subjects’ sleep quality and potential correlated factors were investigated by questionnaires. ResultsTotally 2 587 subjects with age between 24 and 97 years old （1 388 men and 1 199 women） met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of poor sleep quality of H-type hypertensive patients was 19.0%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality in women was significantly higher than that in men ［23.9% vs. 14.8%， P< 0.001］. Results of multivariable binary logistic regression revealed that moderate physical activities ［The odds ratio （OR） was 0.572； 95% CI was （0.421， 0.776）， P<0.001］， fruits and vegetables intake ≥ 1 500 g/week ［OR was 0.672； 95% CI was （0.485， 0.931）， P=0.017］， red meat consumption frequency 3-5 times/week ［OR was 0.472； 95% CI was （0.306， 0.728）， P=0.001］ and ≥8 hours sleep/ day ［OR was 0.008； 95% CI was （0.004，0.013）， P<0.001］ were protective factors of sleep quality， while diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg ［OR was 1.441； 95% CI was （1.112， 1.868）， P=0.006］， bad living standard ［OR was 2.542； 95% CI was （1.401， 4.613）， P=0.002］， history of chronic kidney disease ［OR was 1.970； 95% CI was （1.053， 3.687）， P=0.034］， stress-out ［OR was 2.253； 95% CI was （1.400， 3.626）， P=0.001］， animal oil as cooking oil ［OR was 1.759； 95% CI was （1.056， 2.930）， P=0.030］ and severe snoring ［OR was 1.784； 95% CI was （1.018， 3.126）， P=0.043］ were risk factors of sleep quality. ConclusionModerate physical activities， fruits and vegetables， vegetable oil as cooking oil， moderate amount of meat， blood pressure management， stress reducing， snoring treatment and enough sleep may be beneficial for sleep， and may further contribute to improving the life quality of H-type hypertensive patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of high-salt diet on airway inflammation in mice with allergic asthma. MethodsTwenty 4-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups， including control group， allergic asthma model group， 4% high-salt diet group and 8% high-salt diet group. Ovalbumin（OVA）was injected intraperitoneally and inhaled to make an asthmatic model. The control group and the model group were fed ordinary diet and drinking water， and the high-salt groups were fed 4% or 8% high-salt diet and 1% saline respectively. After 25 days， the nasal symptoms of each group of mice were observed at the last challenge. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours later. The inflammatory cells of different subtype in the blood were measured by five classification of blood cell analysis. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the infiltration of eosinophils， and periodic acid-schiff （PAS） staining was used to observe the goblet cell proliferation in the lung tissue. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of helper T cells 1（Th1 cells）， Th2， Th17 cells and regulatory T cells （Treg cells） in the lung tissue， and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of cytokines interleukin-4 （IL-4）， IL-5， IL-13， and IL-17 of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. ResultsCompared with the allergic asthma model group， 4% and 8% high-salt diet significantly reduced the proportion of eosinophils in blood， the proportion of Th17 cells in lung tissue， and IL-13 and IL-17 levels in BALF， but he effect of 8% high-salt diet on IL-13 was more significant than that of 4% high-salt diet （P<0.05）. However， only 8% high-salt diet significantly relieved nasal symptom， improved eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell proliferation， reduced the proportion of Th2 cells and Th2/ Th1 ratio in lung tissue and the levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF （P<0.05）. ConclusionsShort-term high-salt diet can alleviate airway inflammation in mice with allergic asthma， and the effects of 8% high-salt diet are better than that of 4% high-salt diet.

【Objective】Platelet hyper- reactivity plays an important role in thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. As a dietary supplement，Fruitflow，a water-soluble tomato concentrate，plays an important role in preventing cardiovascular diseases，but the mechanisms have been poorly understood，and there is no direct evidence about the effect of Fruitflow on thrombosis. This study intends to explore the effects of Fruitflow on platelet aggregation，activation and thrombosis in healthy people，and explore its possible mechanism.【Methods】Platelets from healthy men and women were incubated with different concentrations（0，20，40，80 mg/L）of Fruitflow，and the platelet aggregation was measured by platelet aggregometer. Platelet αIIbβ3 activation and fibrinogen binding to the activated platelets was measured by flow cytometry. The thrombosis in FeCl3- induced mesenteric artery thrombosis model in mice was observed by stereoscopic fluorescence microscope. The bleeding time was measured by tail clipping in mice. The total and phosphorylation levels of platelet Akt， Erk1/2 and JNK were determined by Western blotting.【Results】After the stimulation of ADP，Fruitflow could significantly attenuate platelet aggregation in the dose of 20，40，80 mg/L. Compared with that in the control group（43.75±5.91）%， platelet aggregation in the 80 mg/L group decreased to（8.25 ± 4.57）%（P < 0.000 1）. Fruitflow also inhibited the activation of platelet αIIbβ3. Compared with that in the control group（79.36±6.26），the platelet αIIbβ3 in the 80 mg/L group decreased to（65.79±5.73，P < 0.01）. Fruitflow reduced the platelet fibrinogen binding to the activated platelets. Compared with that in the control group（69.34 ± 6.63），platelet fibrinogen binding to the activated platelets in the 80 mg/L group decreased to（56.70±8.86，P < 0.05）. Fruitflow attenuated the thrombosis in FeCl3-induced mesenteric artery thrombosis model. Compared with that in the control group（22.50±4.86），the vessel occlusion in the 80 mg/L group was extended to（39.20 ± 4.61，P < 0.01）. There was no statistical difference between the control group （5.95 ± 0.69） and the 80 mg/L group（5.74 ± 0.76）in bleeding time（P > 0.05）. Fruitflow down- regulated the phosphorylation levels of platelet Akt， Erk1/2 and JNK proteins. Compared with the control group，P- Akt/Akt decreased from 0.97 ± 0.07 to 0.33 ± 0.13（P <0.001），P-Erk1/2/Erk1/2 decreased from 0.89±0.09 to 0.24±0.02（P < 0.01），and P-JNK/JNK decreased from 0.97±0.12 to 0.45±0.04（P < 0.01）in the 80 mg/L group.【Conclusion】Inhibition of platelet PI3K/Akt and MAPKs signaling pathway may be one of the mechanisms that Fruitflow inhibits platelet aggregation ，activation and thrombosis.

Objective:To systematically investigate the chemical constituents of 90% ethanol extract of Corydalis impatiens，and evaluate their inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in vitro. Method:The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel，Sephadex LH-20，ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）.the structures were identified by spectroscopy methods such as NMR and MS，as well as analysis of physicochemical properties and/or comparison with literature data，and the inhibitory activities of 13 compounds on HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method. Result:Thirteen known compounds were isolated and identified from 90% ethanol extract of Corydalis impatiens as ethyl-5-hydroxy-2-pyridinecarboxylate（1），coryhumolide（2），3，4-cis-3，4-dihydroxy-β-ionone（3），megastigmane（4），9-hydroxy-4，7-megastigmadien-3-one（5），blumenol A（6），indole-3-carboxy acid（7），1-methyl-[1，2，4]triazolo[4，3-b][1，2，4]triazin-7-one （8），adenine（9），nicotinamide（10），2-hydroxymethyl-5-pyridinol（11），adenosine（12）， and β-daucosterol（13）. Cytotoxicities assay showed that the IC₅₀ value of compound 3 for the hepatic cell line HepG2 was 24.7 μmol·L^-1 （positive control drug cisplatin：4.8 μmol·L^-1），and IC₅₀ value of compound 4 for the hepatic cell line SMMC-7721 was 13.8 μmol·L^-1（positive control drug cisplatin：5.4 μmol·L^-1）. Conclusion:Compound 1 was a new natural compound，compounds 3-8 were obtained from genus Corydalis for the first time，and compounds 2，9-12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 3 exhibited weak inhibitory effect on hepatic cell line HepG2，and compound 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory effect on hepatic cell line SMMC-7721.The other compounds rest of ones exhibited no obvious inhibitory effect on hepatic cell line HepG2 or SMMC-7721.