BackgroundSuicide among adolescents has become a serious public health issue， with suicidal ideation serving as a necessary precursor to suicide attempts and death. Previous research suggests that campus exclusion， depression， and psychological resilience are closely associated with the development of suicidal ideation in individuals. However， there is a lack of longitudinal research to deeply explore the relationship between each influencing factor and suicidal ideation. ObjectiveTo explore the impact of campus exclusion on suicidal ideation among adolescents， as well as the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of resilience， so as to provide references for formulating strategies for preventing and intervening in adolescent suicide. MethodsAUsing a longitudinal research design， in November 2023， 1 226 students from 21 classes （4 classes per grade in junior high school and 3 classes per grade in senior high school） from a junior high school and a senior high school in a certain area of Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects. The Ostracism Experience Scale for Adolescents （OES-A）， the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents （RSCA） were used for assessment. The PHQ-9 suicide ideation item was evaluated again three months after the baseline survey （the two suicide ideation evaluations were respectively denoted as T1 and T2 respectively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships among scale scores. Model 4 and model 59 in the SPSS macro program Process 4.2 were used to test the mediating effect of depression between school exclusion and suicide ideation， as well as the moderating effect of psychological resilience on the three paths. ResultsCorrelation analysis showed that OES-A score was positively correlated with PHQ-9 score and suicidal ideation item score （T2）， and PHQ-9 score was also positively correlated with suicidal ideation item score （T2） （r=0.361， 0.292， 0.508， P<0.01）. RSCA score was negatively correlated with OES-A， PHQ-9， and suicidal ideation （T2） scores （r=-0.500， -0.676， -0.459， P<0.01）. Campus exclusion positively predicted suicidal ideation （T2） and depression （β=0.081， 0.281， P<0.01）， while depression positively predicted suicidal ideation （T2） （β=0.108， P<0.01）. The mediation analysis revealed an effect size of 0.030 （95% CI： 0.019~0.043， P<0.01）， accounting for 37.35% of the total effect. Psychological resilience moderated the relationships between campus exclusion and depression， campus exclusion and suicidal ideation （T2）， and depression and suicidal ideation （T2） （β=-0.059， -0.049， -0.062， P<0.01）. ConclusionA moderated mediation model exists among campus exclusion， depression， resilience， and adolescent's suicidal ideation. Psychological resilience moderates the associations between campus exclusion， depression and suicidal ideation across all three paths. ［Funded by Beijing Municipal Health Commission Clinical Research Excellence Program， （number， BRWEP2024W072130101）；Beijing Municipal Hospital Management Center Summit Program， （number， DFL20221701）］

Objective Responding to the imperative to modernize vocational education and establish competency-oriented systems,this study investigates the development of on-campus training bases for speech and hearing rehabilitation(SHR)programs within Chinese higher vocational colleges(HVC).It analyzes their functional role and essential compo-nents,and propose a competency-oriented,modular framework for on-campus training based on World Health Organization(WHO)rehabilitation competency framework(RCF),and professional education standards.Methods This research synthesized theories of higher vocational education and practical pedagogy(e.g.,situated learn-ing,experiential learning and constructivism)with analyses of domestic and international SHR educational poli-cies and standards.It examined the strategic importance and essential components(hardware,software,human re-sources,management)of on-campus training bases in the context of higher vocational education.Synthesizing RCF with standards from ASHA(knowledge and skills acquisition,KASA),International Association of Logope-dics and Phoniatrics(IALP),and Teaching Standards for Higher Vocational Schools from Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,a core SHR professional competency model tailored for HVC was developed.This model subsequently guided the design of a modular on-campus training curriculum and associated pedagogi-cal approaches.Results On-campus training bases were pivotal platforms that bridge theory and practice,facilitating'teaching-learning-doing'integration within HVC SHR programs.Effective base construction necessitated synergistic integration across four key domains:hardware facilities(meeting specialized acoustic/equipment needs),software resources(case libraries,standard operating procedure and digital tools),'dual-role'human resources and robust manage-ment systems(operations,evaluation,industry-education linkages).Derived from RCF and related standards,a core SHR competency framework was developed,encompassing dimensions such as foundational knowledge and ethics,assessment(audiological;speech-language),intervention(audiological rehabilitation and technology;speech-language),and communication and collaboration.Consequently,eight core training modules were de-signed,including basic operations of hearing testing,introduction to objective hearing testing,preliminary hear-ing aid fitting,application of standardized speech-language assessment tools,simulation of articulation and voice disorder assessment and intervention,simulation of swallowing disorder screening and basic training,comprehen-sive case analysis and rehabilitation plan development,and practice of professional literacy and communication skills;detailing objectives,activities,and resources,and intended for seamless integration with theoretical cours-es and off-campus practicum,establishing a cohesive'curriculum-training-practicum'continuum.Furthermore,a suite of adaptable pedagogical models,including problem-based learning,case-based learning,simulation-based training,project-based learning and the flipped classroom,were recommended for implementing these modules.Conclusion The effective development of on-campus training bases for SHR programs in HVC necessitates establishing a systematic,competency-oriented practical teaching environment.Grounded in RCF,and essential SHR knowl-edge,skills and abilities,this study proposes a framework incorporating eight core training modules and comple-mentary pedagogical models,providing a theoretically grounded,practically applicable blueprint for enhancing the educational quality and substance of these bases within HVC.Successful realization hinges upon the synergis-tic development of the four key elements(hardware,software,human resources,management),deep integration between training activities,the curriculum,and practicum experiences,and the application of innovative pedago-gy to cultivate student potential.

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of arthroscopic total internal suture combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP)in the treatment of lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries.Methods Forty-eight patients diagnosed with lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected and divided into Fast-Fix total internal suture group(FF group,n=23)and Fast-Fix total internal suture combined with PRP group(PRP group,n=25)according to treatment methods.The positive rate of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months after surgery,the preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)of pain,the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores,the Lysholm Knee Function Scores,and the Knee Society Scores(KSS)were compared between the two groups.Results No adverse events such as vascular and nerve injury,fever and infection occurred in both groups.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the positive rates of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months(χ2=0.880,P=0.348;Fisher's exact test,P=0.479).In the PRP group,25 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.2±0.8)months;in the FF group,23 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.8±0.8)months.The VAS scores at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery in both groups(all P=0.000).The VAS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Both groups showed significant improvements in IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores at 6 and 12 months after surgery compared to preoperative levels(all P=0.000).The IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly higher than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to Fast-Fix total internal suture alone,PRP joint cavity adjuvant therapy based on Fast-Fix total internal suture surgery could reduce the postoperative pain of patients,and promote the functional recovery of the knee joint,which is more recommended in clinical practice.

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Professor Zheng Linfan has played an important role in pioneering and leading the development of dentistry in China. In the early 1940s, he spearheaded groundbreaking investigations on the oral health status of Chinese students, and guided fundamental researches by clinical issues which led to the establishment of China′s first oral histopathology laboratory and the Institute of Stomatology. His remarkable scholarly achievements earned him the National Medical and Health Science Conference Award in 1978. He attached great importance to "investigation and clinical practice", "basic research-driven", "interdisciplinary" and "international cooperation and exchange" in the early stage of the development of oral science in China, and therefore formed a four-in-one innovative idea, making important contributions to the innovative research and clinical development of Chinese stomatology. This article bases on professor Zheng Linfan′s work and research experience. Through the excavation of archival documents, correspondence, memoirs, historical records, and oral history materials, this article reconstructs his contributions to stomatology in China, and summarizes his academic ideas, practical paths, and ideological values in promoting the construction of the stomatological development system, providing references for enriching the historical narrative of stomatology in China, and assisting contemporary advancements and technological innovation.

Objective Responding to the imperative to modernize vocational education and establish competency-oriented systems,this study investigates the development of on-campus training bases for speech and hearing rehabilitation(SHR)programs within Chinese higher vocational colleges(HVC).It analyzes their functional role and essential compo-nents,and propose a competency-oriented,modular framework for on-campus training based on World Health Organization(WHO)rehabilitation competency framework(RCF),and professional education standards.Methods This research synthesized theories of higher vocational education and practical pedagogy(e.g.,situated learn-ing,experiential learning and constructivism)with analyses of domestic and international SHR educational poli-cies and standards.It examined the strategic importance and essential components(hardware,software,human re-sources,management)of on-campus training bases in the context of higher vocational education.Synthesizing RCF with standards from ASHA(knowledge and skills acquisition,KASA),International Association of Logope-dics and Phoniatrics(IALP),and Teaching Standards for Higher Vocational Schools from Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,a core SHR professional competency model tailored for HVC was developed.This model subsequently guided the design of a modular on-campus training curriculum and associated pedagogi-cal approaches.Results On-campus training bases were pivotal platforms that bridge theory and practice,facilitating'teaching-learning-doing'integration within HVC SHR programs.Effective base construction necessitated synergistic integration across four key domains:hardware facilities(meeting specialized acoustic/equipment needs),software resources(case libraries,standard operating procedure and digital tools),'dual-role'human resources and robust manage-ment systems(operations,evaluation,industry-education linkages).Derived from RCF and related standards,a core SHR competency framework was developed,encompassing dimensions such as foundational knowledge and ethics,assessment(audiological;speech-language),intervention(audiological rehabilitation and technology;speech-language),and communication and collaboration.Consequently,eight core training modules were de-signed,including basic operations of hearing testing,introduction to objective hearing testing,preliminary hear-ing aid fitting,application of standardized speech-language assessment tools,simulation of articulation and voice disorder assessment and intervention,simulation of swallowing disorder screening and basic training,comprehen-sive case analysis and rehabilitation plan development,and practice of professional literacy and communication skills;detailing objectives,activities,and resources,and intended for seamless integration with theoretical cours-es and off-campus practicum,establishing a cohesive'curriculum-training-practicum'continuum.Furthermore,a suite of adaptable pedagogical models,including problem-based learning,case-based learning,simulation-based training,project-based learning and the flipped classroom,were recommended for implementing these modules.Conclusion The effective development of on-campus training bases for SHR programs in HVC necessitates establishing a systematic,competency-oriented practical teaching environment.Grounded in RCF,and essential SHR knowl-edge,skills and abilities,this study proposes a framework incorporating eight core training modules and comple-mentary pedagogical models,providing a theoretically grounded,practically applicable blueprint for enhancing the educational quality and substance of these bases within HVC.Successful realization hinges upon the synergis-tic development of the four key elements(hardware,software,human resources,management),deep integration between training activities,the curriculum,and practicum experiences,and the application of innovative pedago-gy to cultivate student potential.

Objective To design and synthesize derivatives of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, and investigate their anti-hepatitis C virus （HCV） activity along with that of common triterpenoid acids. To explore the structure-activity relationship and provide a reference for the research of anti-HCV drugs derived from natural products through obtaining compounds with higher activity. Methods Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were directly reacted with corresponding amines using PyBOP as a condensing agent in the presence of DIEA. Alternatively, the target compounds were prepared through PCC oxidation followed by the Baeyer-Villiger reaction catalyzed by m-CPBA. In vitro anti-HCV activity was tested using the HCVcc infection model. Molecular docking was performed by Autodock software to investigate the interaction between the active compounds and HCV NS5B. Results Oleanolic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, ursolic acid, and asiatic acid all exhibited certain anti-HCV effects. Specifically, oleanolic acid derivatives OA2-OA4, OA6, and OA7, as well as ursolic acid derivatives UA1 and UA2, demonstrated superior anti-HCV activity compared to their parent compounds. Preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that introducing a bulky group to 28-COOH of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid enhanced their activity. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the active compounds could stably bind to HCV NS5B, thereby exhibiting antiviral activity. Conclusion Pentacyclic triterpenoids possessed anti-HCV effects, and their derivatives coud be synthesized to obtain more active compounds. The anti-HCV mechanism of these compounds may be associated with their inhibition of NS5B.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) exosomes on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) extracted from osteoporotic mice, and to evaluate the effect of hASCs exosomes on preventing bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. METHODS: hASCs exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation. The osteoporotic mice were established by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). BMSCs were isolated from osteo-porotic mice and cultured for further analysis. In the experimental group, these BMSCs were exposed to an osteogenic induction medium supplemented with hASCs exosomes to evaluate their potential effects on osteogenesis. In contrast, the control group was treated with the same osteogenic induction medium, but without the addition of hASCs exosomes, to serve as a baseline comparison for the study. To comprehensively assess the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs influenced by hASCs exosomes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity quantitative analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed. These evaluations provided critical insights into the role of hASCs exosomes in promoting osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in osteoporotic conditions. The fluorescence labeled hASCs exosomes were injected via the tail vein to observe the biodistribution of exosomes. Two weeks after OVX, the mice were divided into three groups: The experimental group consisted of estrogen-deficient mice receiving hASCs exosome injections; the negative control group consisted of estrogen-deficient mice receiving phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injections; and the positive control group consisted of mice that underwent Sham surgery and received PBS injections.The injections were administered once every 3 days, for a total of 8 injections. Afterward, the femurs were collected from the mice, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed to measure bone mineral density and conduct bone morphometric analysis. RESULTS: hASCs exosomes were successfully extracted using ultracentrifugation. After the induction by hASCs exosomes, ALP staining and ALP activity in the BMSCs extracted from osteoporotic mice were significantly enhanced, the expression of osteogenesis related genes in BMSCs were significantly up-regulated. More trabecular bone and higher bone mineral density were observed in estrogen-deficient mice injected with hASCs exosomes compared with estrogen-deficient mice injected with PBS, and there was no significant decrease in bone mineral density compared with the Sham operation group. CONCLUSION hASCs exosomes promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs extracted from osteoporotic mice. hASCs exosomes prevented bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency.
Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology* ; Exosomes ; Estrogens/deficiency* ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Mice ; Osteoporosis/prevention & control* ; Ovariectomy ; Adipose Tissue/cytology* ; Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVE: To compare the registration accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images while registering to virtual craniodentofacial patients based on soft tissue and the dentition registration method. METHODS: Virtual dentofacial patients out of 13 selected participants who needed CBCT scanning were established by impression with a registered-block impression (RBI) based on digital dental images, three-dimensional (3D) facial images and maxillofacial CBCT images. CBCT images were processed in the Mimics software program, establishing the craniofacial virtual patients based on CBCT images (CCTs). Registration between virtual patients from RBI and CCT, using the soft tissue in lower half face (STE) and dentition (DTN) as the reference area, respectively, forming two kinds of virtual craniofacial patients based on digital dental images, 3D facial images and skeletal images of CBCT (hiding the soft tissue and dental casts from CBCT). Three-dimensional deviation analysis was performed in the upper half face and lower half face of facial images from CBCT between two kinds of virtual craniodentofacial patients and compared with 3D facial images from RBI and recorded as root mean square error (RMSE). Paired-t test was used to compare the deviations of RMSEs between the upper and lower half of the face and the upper half of the face of facial images from CCT, respectively, between the two kinds of virtual craniodentofacial patients based on STE and DTN methods. RESULTS: Paired-t tests showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the upper and lower half faces of facial images from CCT between STE and DTN (P>0.05), but the deviation of RMSEs of the upper half face of facial images from CCT in STE was smaller than those in DTN [(1.696±0.420) mm vs. (1.752±0.424) mm, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION The registration accuracy of CBCT registered in virtual craniodentofacial patients using soft tissue as the reference area was higher.
Humans ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Male ; Face/anatomy & histology* ; Female ; Adult ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Young Adult ; User-Computer Interface

Evading host immunity killing is a critical step for virus survival. Inhibiting viral immune escape is crucial for the treatment of viral diseases. Serine/threonine kinase 39 (STK39) was reported to play an essential role in ion homeostasis. However, its potential role and mechanism in viral infection remain unknown. In this study, we found that viral infection promoted STK39 expression. Consequently, overexpressed STK39 inhibited the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and the production of type I interferon, which led to viral replication and immune escape. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of STK39 significantly protected mice from viral infection. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation assays identified that STK39 interacted with PPP2R1A (a scaffold subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)) in a kinase activity-dependent manner. This interaction inhibited DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 1 (DCAF1)-mediated PPP2R1A degradation, maintained the stabilization and phosphatase activity of PP2A, which, in turn, suppressed the phosphorylation of IRF3, decreased the production of type I interferon, and then strengthened viral replication. Thus, our study provides a novel theoretical basis for viral immune escape, and STK39 may be a potential therapeutic target for viral infectious diseases.