Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Minqin County, Gansu Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide the evidence for formulating targeted PTB prevention and control strategies. Methods: Surveillance data on PTB cases in Minqin County from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive methods were used to analyze the population, temporal and regional distribution characteristics of PTB cases. Trend surface analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis were used to analyze the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of PTB. Results: A total of 1 856 PTB cases were reported in Minqin County from 2014 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 86.50/105. The reported incidence of PTB decreased from 107.82/105 in 2014 to 83.56/105 in 2023, showing an average annual decline rate of 2.79%. There were 1 091 males, accounting for 58.78%, and 765 females, accounting for 41.22%. The average annual reported incidence of PTB was 99.05/105 in males, higher than 73.27/105 in females (P<0.05). The population aged 65-<70 years had the largest number of PTB cases, with 410 cases, accounting for 22.09%. Farmers were the predominant occupation, with 1 608 cases, accounting for 86.64%. A relatively large number of cases were reported in spring and winter, with 550 and 510 cases, accounting for 29.63% and 27.48%, respectively. Hongshaliang Town, Donghu Town and Shuangcike Town had higher average annual reported incidence of PTB, which were 167.82/105, 140.51/105 and 133.23/105, respectively. Trend surface analysis showed that the average annual reported incidence rates of PTB across various townships in Minqin County from 2014 to 2023 were unevenly distributed. In the east-west direction, the reported incidence of PTB was relatively higher in the eastern part. In the north-south direction, the reported incidence of PTB was relatively higher in the northern part. Spatio-temporal scan analysis showed that there was one Class Ⅰcluster of PTB in Minqin County from 2014 to 2023, covering 9 townships, with clustering period spanning from 2014 to 2017 (P<0.05). There was one Class Ⅱ cluster of PTB in Minqin County, covering 8 townships, with clustering period spanning from 2020 to 2021 (P<0.05). Conclusions From 2014 to 2023, the average annual reported incidence of PTB in Minqin County remained at a relatively high level, with a relatively slow decline rate. PTB was highly prevalent in winter and spring as well as in townships in the northeastern part. Special attention should be paid to high-risk groups such as males, the elderly, and farmers.

The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020, with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January 24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases; patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1 case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very important for early detection and early isolation.

The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020, with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January 24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases; patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1 case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very important for early detection and early isolation.

Objective To investigate the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH)on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and the changes of HDL-C metabolism-related indicators such as the expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor a (PPARα)and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporterA1(ABCA1)in liver in male SD rats.Methods Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAHS)-induced CIH rats were randomly allocated into 6 groups:10％CIH-3 weeks,5％CIH-3 weeks,5％CIH-3 weeks +RH(Removal of hypoxia-3 weeks),10％CIH-3 weeks + RH(Removal of hypoxia-3 weeks),control group-3 weeks,and control group-6 weeks.Serum lipids were measured and compared.To observe and compare the liver pathology,the expression levels of PPARα and ABCA1 in liver tissue of CIH rats were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results The levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C was significantly higher in CIH rats than in control group.The levels of TC,TG and LDL-C were significantly lower in reoxygenation groups than in CIH groups.There was no significant difference between experiment groups and correspondent control groups(all P＞0.05).Compared with control group,CIH rats had significantly lower levels of serum HDL-C;Compared with CIH groups,the levels of HDL-C were significantly higher in reoxygenation groups.There was no significant difference between experiment groups and correspondent control groups(all P＞0.05).Compared with control group,the expression of PPARα and ABCA1 of CIH group was significantly lower;Compared with CIH groups,the expression of PPARα and ABCA1 was significantly higher in reoxygenation groups;There was no significant difference in the expression of PPARα and ABCA1 between reoxygenation groups and correspondent control groups,in which the oxygen level was recovered to normal.Conclusions The serum HDL-C level was obviously decreased in OSAHS-induced CIH rats,and the decreased serum HDL-C can be effectively improved by reoxygenation intervention.OSAHS-induced CIH may lead to the dyslipidemia through PPARα-ABCA1 pathway,and reoxygenation intervention for three weeks can effectively recover the expression levels of PPARα and ABCA1 to normal levels,which suggests that if CIH is effectively intervented,the change of PPARα and ABCA1 of liver can be reversed,thereby reversing dvslipidemia.

A high sensitive and selective imprinted electrochemical sensor based on cobalt nanoparticles/gra-phene modified carbon electrode was prepared by electropolymerization technqiue with p-tert-octylphenol as the template and pyrrole as the functional monomer. The electrochemical behaviors of the imprinted sensor were evaluated with cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The response currents of the imprinted electrochemical sensor exhibited a linear relationship toward the negative logarithm of p-tert-octylphenol concentrations ranged from 1. 0í10-13 mol/L to 1. 0í10-7 mol/L (R2=0. 994) with the detection limit of 3 . 7í10-14 mol/L ( S/N=3 ) . The imprinted electrochemical sensor was respectively applied to the determina-tion of p-tert-octylphenol in rain water, lake water and drink with the recoveries of 92. 4%-102. 0%.