[Objective] To analyze the influencing factors of repeat blood donor lapsing using a zero-inflated poisson regression model (ZIP). [Methods] The blood donation behavior of 12 498 whole blood donors from 2020 was tracked until December 31, 2023. The factors influencing the frequency of blood donations in a given year was analyzed using ZIP, and donors with 0 blood donation in that year were considered to have lapsed. The changes in relevant influencing factors associated with each blood donation were measured and modeled for analysis. [Results] The zero-inflated part of ZIP showed that the risk of lapsing of male blood donors was 2.24 times that of female blood donors (OR 95% CI:1.864-2.696, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing of the 35-44 age group and over 45 age group was respectively 40% (OR 95% CI:0.455-0.790, P<0.001) and 61%(OR 95% CI:0.268-0.578, P<0.001) lower than that of the under 25 age group; the risk of lapsing for those who have donated blood twice and ≥3 times was respectively 50% (OR 95% CI:0.405-0.609, P<0.001) and 81% (OR 95% CI:0.154-0.225, P<0.001) lower than that of first-time donors; the risk of lapsing of those with junior high or high school education was 1.2 times that of those with a college degree or higher (OR 95% CI:1.033-1.384, P<0.05); the risk of lapsing for the divorced group was 2.02 times that of the married group (OR 95% CI:1.445-2.820, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing for those with an income (Yuan) of 10 000 to 50 000, 50 000 to 100 000 and more than 100 000 was respectively 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.552-0.818, P<0.001), 0.72 (OR 95% CI:0.591-0.884, P=0.002) and 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.535-0.834, P<0.001) times that of those with an income (Yuan) of less than 10 000. The results of the Poisson part are consistent with the results of the zero-inflated part in terms of age and education level. [Conclusion] Blood donor lapsing is overall related to factors such as gender, age, donation frequency, education, marital status and family income. It's essential to care for those blood donors prone to lapse to retain more regular blood donors.

Animal experiments are an essential component of life sciences and medical research. However, the external validity and reliability of individual animal studies are frequently challenged by inherent limitations such as small sample sizes, high design heterogeneity, and poor reproducibility, which impede the effective translation of research findings into clinical practice. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis represent a key methodology for integrating existing evidence and enhancing the robustness of conclusions. Currently, however, the application of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the field of animal experiments lacks standardized guidelines for their conduct and reporting, resulting in inconsistent quality and, to some extent, diminishing their evidence value. To address this issue, this paper aims to systematically delineate the reporting process for systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and to propose a set of standardized recommendations that are both scientific and practical. The article's scope encompasses the entire process, from the preliminary preparatory phase [including formulating the population， intervention， comparison and outcome （PICO） question, assessing feasibility, and protocol pre-registration] to the key writing points for each section of the main report. In the core methods section, the paper elaborates on how to implement literature searches, establish eligibility criteria, perform data extraction, and assess the risk of bias, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis （PRISMA) statement, in conjunction with relevant guidelines and tools such as Animal Research： Reporting of in Vivo Experiments （ARRIVE) and a risk of bias assessment tool developed by the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). For the presentation of results, strategies are proposed for clear and transparent display using flow diagrams and tables of characteristics. The discussion section places particular emphasis on how to scientifically interpret pooled effects, thoroughly analyze sources of heterogeneity, evaluate the impact of publication bias, and cautiously discuss the validity and limitations of extrapolating findings from animal studies to clinical settings. Furthermore, this paper recommends adopting the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to comprehensively grade the quality of evidence. Through a modular analysis of the entire reporting process, this paper aims to provide researchers in the field with a clear and practical guide, thereby promoting the standardized development of systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and enhancing their application value in scientific decision-making and translational medicine.

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze an outbreak of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in a prison in Chongqing Municipality, to provide a basis for adult rotavirus surveillance and prevention, and to explore the public health problems in special settings. MethodsA retrospective survey was conducted to collect and analyze data on individual cases with diarrheal disease on-site. The clinical characteristics, as well as the temporal, spatial and geographical distribution patterns of the epidemic were described. Multi-pathogen detection tests were conducted both on diarrhea cases and environmental samples, with viral genotyping performed on positive samples. A case-control analysis was performed to identify the causes of the outbreak, and an SEIR model was adopted to predict the outbreak trend and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. ResultsA total of 65 cases were found among the inmates, with an attack rate of 2.03%. The predominant clinical manifestations included diarrhea (89.23%), watery stool (73.85%), and dehydration (18.46%). The epidemic curve indicated a “human-to-human” transmission pattern, with an average incubation period of 5‒6 days. The attack rates among chefs in the main canteen (80.00%, 8/10) and caterers (28.33%, 17/60) were significantly higher than those of other inmates （P<0.05）. Multi-pathogen polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing detected positive for group A rotavirus, with the viral genotyping identified as G9P [8] strain. Factors such as unprotected "bare-handed" food distribution among cases with diarrhea (OR=9.512, 95%CI: 4.261‒21.234) and close contact with diarrhea cases (OR=3.656, 95%CI: 1.719‒7.778) were the possible cause of the outbreak. The SEIR model (r₀=5, α=0.3, β₁=0.08, β₂=0.04) was constructed using prison inmates as susceptible population, aiming at fitting the initial transmission trend of the outbreak, and the epidemic rate declined rapidly after intervention measures were implemented (r_t≈0). ConclusionThis rare rotavirus infection diarrhea outbreak among adults in confined settings suggests that the construction of public health prevention and control systems in prison may be overlooked. Cross infection during meal processing and distribution in the canteens of such settings is likely to be the cause of the outbreak. Given the potential neglect of public heath system construction in special settings, it is imperative to enhance the surveillance and monitoring of rotavirus and other intestinal multi-pathogens among adults, as well as the construction of public health prevention and control systems in these special settings.

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive tract， with a high incidence and high mortality. The majority of patients are diagnosed at the middle or advanced stage， which severely influences and threatens their physical health. Current treatment modalities such as surgery， radiotherapy， and chemotherapy often encounter challenges including metastasis， recurrence， and drug resistance. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway serves as a classical regulator that regulates physiological processes such as cell cycle， autophagy， apoptosis， and proliferation. Overexpression of this pathway is observed in various tumors. In the context of CRC， the activation of this pathway can facilitate the proliferation， invasion， and migration， inhibit the autophagy and apoptosis， promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells， enhance angiogenesis within the tumor， and contribute to chemotherapy resistance and radiation resistance in CRC. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） treatment can exert an anti-CRC effect by inhibiting this pathway， thereby improving clinical efficacy and safety. This article retrieves relevant research literature published domestically and internationally regarding the regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by TCM in the treatment of CRC and conducts detailed classification and summary. The active components of TCM include glycosides， flavonoids， alkaloids， terpenoids， polyphenols， and naphthoquinones. The volatile oils and extracts of TCM include Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oil， Astragali Radix polysaccharides， Caryophylli Flos extract， Forsythiae Fructus extract， Curcumae Longae Rhizoma extract， and Celastrus orbiculatus extract. The compound formulas of TCM include Banxia Xiexin decoction， Jianpi Qingre Huoxue formula， and Chanling Plaster. Through summary and analysis， it is discovered that the abovementioned TCM can produce effects such as blocking the cell cycle， inducing autophagy and apoptosis， inhibiting angiogenesis， suppressing proliferation and migration， and reversing chemotherapy resistance and radiotherapy resistance by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in CRC cells. TCM holds promise in the research and application of targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway for CRC treatment. The summary and conclusion of this article aim to provide references for subsequent research and the development of new drugs.

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive tract， with a high incidence and high mortality. The majority of patients are diagnosed at the middle or advanced stage， which severely influences and threatens their physical health. Current treatment modalities such as surgery， radiotherapy， and chemotherapy often encounter challenges including metastasis， recurrence， and drug resistance. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway serves as a classical regulator that regulates physiological processes such as cell cycle， autophagy， apoptosis， and proliferation. Overexpression of this pathway is observed in various tumors. In the context of CRC， the activation of this pathway can facilitate the proliferation， invasion， and migration， inhibit the autophagy and apoptosis， promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells， enhance angiogenesis within the tumor， and contribute to chemotherapy resistance and radiation resistance in CRC. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） treatment can exert an anti-CRC effect by inhibiting this pathway， thereby improving clinical efficacy and safety. This article retrieves relevant research literature published domestically and internationally regarding the regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by TCM in the treatment of CRC and conducts detailed classification and summary. The active components of TCM include glycosides， flavonoids， alkaloids， terpenoids， polyphenols， and naphthoquinones. The volatile oils and extracts of TCM include Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oil， Astragali Radix polysaccharides， Caryophylli Flos extract， Forsythiae Fructus extract， Curcumae Longae Rhizoma extract， and Celastrus orbiculatus extract. The compound formulas of TCM include Banxia Xiexin decoction， Jianpi Qingre Huoxue formula， and Chanling Plaster. Through summary and analysis， it is discovered that the abovementioned TCM can produce effects such as blocking the cell cycle， inducing autophagy and apoptosis， inhibiting angiogenesis， suppressing proliferation and migration， and reversing chemotherapy resistance and radiotherapy resistance by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in CRC cells. TCM holds promise in the research and application of targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway for CRC treatment. The summary and conclusion of this article aim to provide references for subsequent research and the development of new drugs.

Objective: To create a prediction model for stroke risk among middle-aged and elderly populations, so as to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk population for stroke. Methods: From October to December 2023, residents aged ≥45 years in Chongchuan District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province were selected using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The demographic information, life behavior, and chronic disease data were collected through a questionnaire survey. The standardized prevalence of stroke was calculated using data from the seventh National Population Census. The subjects were randomly divided into the training set and the internal validation set according to the ratio of 8∶2. The basic demographic information, life behavior, and chronic diseases of residents aged ≥45 years in Rugao City were collected from July to August 2023 as the external validation set. Predictive factors were selected using multivariable logistic regression model, and a nomogram for stroke among residents aged ≥45 years was established. The prediction effect was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve, and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Results: A total of 6 290 residents aged ≥45 years were included, including 2 975 males (47.30%) and 3 315 females (52.70%). The average age was (61.90±10.20) years. The prevalence of stroke was 3.80%, and the standardized prevalence was 3.36%. The multivariable logistic regression showed that age, smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were predictors of stroke risk among residents aged ≥45 years, and the prediction model was ln[p/(1-p)]=-4.619+0.046×age+0.383×smoking+0.887×hypertension+0.678×hyperlipidemia. The AUC values of the training set, internal validation set, and external validation set were 0.748, 0.755, and 0.738, respectively. The consistency indexes were 0.748, 0.755, and 0.738, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed a good fitting effect (P>0.05). Conclusion The prediction model based on age, smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia has good discrimination and calibration, and can be used to predict the risk of stroke among middle-aged and elderly populations aged ≥45 years.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2024, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis E. Methods: Data on hepatitis E incidence in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2024 were collected through the Surveillance System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. The trend in hepatitis E incidence was analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC). The spatial-temporal clustering characteristics of hepatitis E incidence were identified using spatial-temporal scanning analysis. Results: A total of 2 408 hepatitis E cases were reported in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence of 2.55/100 000. The overall trend was not statistically significant (AAPC=3.181%, P>0.05). Specifically, it showed an upward trend from 2006 to 2011 (APC=17.371%, P<0.05), a downward trend from 2011 to 2019 (APC=-12.497%, P<0.05), and an upward trend from 2019 to 2024 (APC=18.076%, P<0.05). The epidemic season of hepatitis E was from January to May, with seasonal indices of 122.09%, 118.60%, 145.02%, 129.57%, and 106.15%, respectively. The top three average annual reported incidences were identified in Zhuji City, Xinchang County, and Shengzhou City, with rates of 4.18/100 000, 2.85/100 000, and 2.74/100 000, respectively. The average annual reported incidence of hepatitis E was higher in males than in females (3.52/100 000 vs. 1.56/100 000, P<0.05). A relatively large number of hepatitis E cases were reported among individuals aged 40-<70 years, with 1 639 cases (68.06%). Among them, the group aged 60-<70 years had the highest average annual reported incidence of hepatitis E, at 4.92/100 000. Farmers constituted the predominant occupational group, accounting for 1 515 cases (62.92%). Spatial-temporal scanning analysis identified two clusters in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2024. The class Ⅰ cluster was located in Shengzhou City, with aggregation time from January 1, 2011 to May 1, 2014. The class Ⅱ cluster was located in Xinchang County, with aggregation time from December 1, 2012 to March 31, 2013. Conclusions The reported incidence of hepatitis E in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2024 exhibited a pattern of an initial increase, followed by a decrease, and then a subsequent rise. The disease demonstrated higher prevalence during the winter and spring seasons. Key populations for targeted control and prevention include males, individuals aged 40-<70 years, and farmers. Shengzhou City and Xinchang County were identified as high-risk areas.

Objective To investigate whether chemokine CCL2(also known as monocyte chemotactic protein 1 or MCP-1)has a causal relationship with lung cancer.Methods Genetic data of chemokine CCL2 and different pathological subtypes of lung cancer were extracted from genome-wide association studies(GWAS),and inverse-variance weighted(IVW)analysis was used as main analysis,while weighted median,simple model,MR-Egger regression,and weighted model were chosen as supplementary analyses.Sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the reliability of the data.Results The result of IVW analysis on chemokine CCL2 to lung adenocarcinoma was OR = 1.065,95%CI(0.919～1.234),P = 0.401.The result of IVW analysis on chemokine CCL2 to squamous cell lung carcinoma was OR = 1.059,95%CI(0.931～1.205),P = 0.381.The result of IVW analysis on chemokine CCL2 to small cell lung carcinoma was OR = 0.959,95%CI(0.760～1.208),P = 0.720.Conclusions There is no direct causal relationship between chemokine CCL2 and lung cancer.

Objective To determine the related substances in the pharmaceutical excipient triacetin by gas chromatography(GC).Methods Rtx-1701 and DB-1701 chromatographic column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)was used,with nitrogen as the carrier gas,the flow rate was 1.5 mL/min,the inlet temperature was 200℃,the hydrogen flame ionization detector was used,the temperature of the measuring instrument was 250℃,and the program heating was used.Results Under this chromatographic condition,each substance could be effectively separated,and showed good linearity at 2-40 μg/mL(r>0.99).The recovery rates of acetic acid,glycerol,1-monoglyceryl acetate,1,2-diglyceryl acetate and 1,3-diglyceryl acetate were 100.7%(RSD=3.12%),95.1%(RSD=3.66%),99.43%(RSD=4.62%),103.66%(RSD=5.88%)and 103.15%(RSD=4.17%)(n=6),respectively.Conclusion This method has high accuracy and good reproducibility,which can be used for the determination of related substances in the triacetin,and provides a reference for the quality standard of triacetin.

Objective To develop deep learning-based auxiliary diagnostic models for diverse pulmonary diffuse cystic diseases,and subsequently evaluate their classification performance to identify the optimal model for clinical diagnosis.Methods A total of 288 patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF),pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis(PLAM),and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis(PLCH)were prospectively enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2010 and October 2022,comprising 76 cases of IPF,179 cases of PLAM,and 33 cases of PLCH.A total of 877 CT cases were collected,comprising 232 cases of IPF,557 cases of PLAM,and 88 cases of pulmonary PLCH.Based on the cutoff date of December 31,2019,the CT scans were divided into two datasets:dataset A consisted of 500 CT scans including 185 IPF cases,265 PLAM cases,and 50 PLCH cases;while dataset B comprised 377 CT scans with a distribution of 47 IPFcases,292 PLAMcases,and 38 PLCH cases.The Dataset A was randomly partitioned into training set,validation set,and test set in a ratio of 7∶1∶2.Subsequently,six distinct deep learning neural networks were employed for training after preprocessing and data augmentation.Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the model performance using metrics such as area under the curve(AUC),accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,and F1 score in order to identify the optimal model.Furthermore,a test set B comprising 30 randomly selected cases from dataset B for each disease type was utilized to evaluate the trained optimal model by employing the same aforementioned metrics.Results In test A,six well-established diagnostic models demonstrated superior classification performance for IPF and LAM,with an AUC greater than 0.9.For LCH,EfficientNet exhibited low classification efficiency with an AUC between 0.6 and 0.7,while Vgg11 showed an AUC between 0.8 and 0.9;the other four models displayed excellent classification efficiency with an AUC greater than 0.9.Except for Inception V3,the remaining five diagnostic models performed poorly in identifying and classifying LCH lesions.Considering multiple indicators,the InceptionV3 model showcased optimal comprehensive performance among the six models,achieving high evaluation parameters such as overall accuracy(94.90%),precision(93.49%),recall(90.84%),and specificity(96.91%).TestB was conducted using the trained InceptionV3 model resulting in an accuracy of 81%,precision of 82%,recall of 81%,and specificity of 90%.Conclusions Six recognition and classification models,developed using deep learning technology in conjunction with pulmonary CT images,demonstrate effective discrimination between LAM,LCH,and IPF.Notably,the model constructed utilizing the InceptionV3 neural network exhibits superior efficiency in accurately recognizing and classifying IPF and LAM.