Objective: To investigate the level of occupational health literacy (OHL) and its influencing factors among key populations of small and micro enterprises in Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide basis for developing targeted occupational health management measures. Methods: In October 2024, key populations of small and micro enterprises in Xinchang County were selected as survey subjects by two-stage random sampling method. Demographic information, work-related information, and OHL information were collected through the National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Survey Individual Questionnaire, and the OHL level was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the level of OHL. Results: A total of 1 500 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 397 valid ones were collected, with a response rate of 93.13%. Among the respondents, 865 (61.92%) were male and 532 (38.08%) were female, the mean age of the participants was (36.54±12.77) years. A total of 671 participants were classified as having OHL, with an overall OHL level of 48.03%. The literacy levels of the four dimensions: basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work styles and behaviors, occupational health legal knowledge, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 61.35%, 59.63%, 49.61%, and 21.26%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that education level of high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school or above (high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school, OR=2.080, 95%CI: 1.483-2.917; junior college, OR=2.207, 95%CI: 1.567-3.109; bachelor degree or above, OR=2.045, 95%CI: 1.389-3.012), metal products industry (OR=1.412, 95%CI: 1.061-1.880), private enterprises (OR=2.294, 95%CI: 1.636-3.215), working years of 2-<6 years (OR=1.416, 95%CI: 1.029-1.949), weekly working hours of >40-48 h (OR=1.646, 95%CI: 1.241-2.184) or >54 h (OR=1.498, 95%CI: 1.059-2.121) were more likely to have higher OHL levels. Conclusions The overall OHL level among key populations of small and micro enterprises in Xinchang County is relatively low, with basic skills of occupational health protection being the vulnerable dimension. Educational level, enterprise industry, enterprise type, working years, and weekly working hours were identified as influencing factors of OHL level.

Objective:To translate and revise the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS),which can be used to evaluate the parenting confidence of 0-12 months infant caregivers in China, and evaluate the reliability and validity test of Chinese version of KPCS.Methods:Form a Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale through translation, back translation and expert review. Mothers of 3-month-old infants were recruited from two Maternal and Child Health Hospitals in Beijing and Ma′anshan in April 2019. A total of 165 mothers responded the survey invitations. They were surveyed with self-administered questionnaires, the Chinese version of KPCS, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC) and Self-efficacy in Infant Care Scale (SICS). Item analysis was conducted to select items by using critical value and correlation coefficient. The construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis. The criterion validity was assessed by being compared with PSOC and SICS. The reliability analysis was assessed by Cronbach′s α the split-half reliability coefficient and rest-retest reliability coefficient.Results:The scores of 15 items were all correlated with the total score of the Chinese version of KPCS with r ranging from -0.283 to 0.643 ( P<0.001). The difference of critical values of all items of KPCS among the low and high score groups were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Three factors labeled parenting, support, and sense of competence, were obtained by exploratory factor analysis which accounting for 49.52% of the total variance and the factor loading values of all items are more than 0.4. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the hypothesized three-factor structure. The total score of KPCS was significantly correlated with the total score of PSOC and SICS( r=0.381, 0.345, P<0.001). The Cronbach′s α of the Chinese version of KPCS was 0.769, and each dimension of Cronbach′s α were 0.332-0.800, the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.817, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.789. Conclusion:The Chinese version of the Karitane parenting confidence scale has a good reliability and validity among the 0-12 month-old infants′ mothers, which can be used to evaluate the parenting confidence of infant caregivers.

Objective:To translate and revise the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS),which can be used to evaluate the parenting confidence of 0-12 months infant caregivers in China, and evaluate the reliability and validity test of Chinese version of KPCS.Methods:Form a Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale through translation, back translation and expert review. Mothers of 3-month-old infants were recruited from two Maternal and Child Health Hospitals in Beijing and Ma′anshan in April 2019. A total of 165 mothers responded the survey invitations. They were surveyed with self-administered questionnaires, the Chinese version of KPCS, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC) and Self-efficacy in Infant Care Scale (SICS). Item analysis was conducted to select items by using critical value and correlation coefficient. The construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis. The criterion validity was assessed by being compared with PSOC and SICS. The reliability analysis was assessed by Cronbach′s α the split-half reliability coefficient and rest-retest reliability coefficient.Results:The scores of 15 items were all correlated with the total score of the Chinese version of KPCS with r ranging from -0.283 to 0.643 ( P<0.001). The difference of critical values of all items of KPCS among the low and high score groups were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Three factors labeled parenting, support, and sense of competence, were obtained by exploratory factor analysis which accounting for 49.52% of the total variance and the factor loading values of all items are more than 0.4. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the hypothesized three-factor structure. The total score of KPCS was significantly correlated with the total score of PSOC and SICS( r=0.381, 0.345, P<0.001). The Cronbach′s α of the Chinese version of KPCS was 0.769, and each dimension of Cronbach′s α were 0.332-0.800, the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.817, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.789. Conclusion:The Chinese version of the Karitane parenting confidence scale has a good reliability and validity among the 0-12 month-old infants′ mothers, which can be used to evaluate the parenting confidence of infant caregivers.

OBJECTIVETo understand the infantile nocturnal sleep-wake pattern developmental trajectory with Actiwatch, which would benefit the clinical assessment of infantile sleep.

METHODThis study was a longitudinal study conducted between 7 Oct, 2009-30 Oct, 2011 in 10 hospitals of 9 cities of China ( Beijing, Xi'an, Qingdao, Wuhan, Changsha, Chongqing, Huzhou, Xiamen and Liuzhou). Actiwatch was used to track the sleep-wake pattern development trajectory of healthy infants in the first year of life in the home setting. Participating infants were followed up at 10th day and 28th day during the first month, and then monthly from the second to the sixth month after birth, and then at ninth and twelve months of age respectively. Meanwhile, infantile sleep was observed continuously for about 60 hours at each visit. According to the characteristics of repeated measurement data of this study, two-level random effect model was adopted to analyze the trend of infantile nocturnal sleep-wake parameters changing with age, and the gender difference.

RESULTA total of 473 healthy infants were included in this study, among whom 246 (52.0%) were boys, and 227 (48.0%) were girls; 355 (75.1%) infants completed the whole year follow-up survey. With infants' age increasing, the latency of infants' nighttime sleep onset decreased from 66.8 minutes on 10th day to 15.5-18.7 minutes at 6-12 months of age. The number of night wakes also decreased with age, while uninterrupted sleep periods lengthened with age. On the 10th day, there were 3.0 times of nightwaking on average, and the longest continuous sleeping interval lasted for 227.6 minutes on average. At 12-month of age, infants could sleep continuously for 350.9 minutes at most on average, while the number of nightwaking decreased to 1.6 times per night on average. Generally, nighttime sleep efficiency increased from 66.3% on the 10th day to 86.3% at 12-month of age. The differences of sleep-wake patterns between boys and girls presented as boys' nocturnal longest uninterrupted sleep period was 19 minutes shorter(266.6 vs. 285.6 min), and the average nighttime sleep efficiency was 2.2% lower (74.2% vs. 76.4%) compared with girls respectively. And the differences of sleep efficiency between boys and girls reduced gradually along with the growth.

CONCLUSIONDuring the first 6 months after birth, infantile sleep-wake pattern undergo obvious change. The capability of sleep-onset and uninterrupted sleep improved with age, and the sleep efficiency increased.

China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Sleep ; physiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

1), attributable risk (AR)=13.33%; ⑤Even though the serum specimens were taken from PB patients, the Ab of majouity of patients converted to positive when relapse occurred. In the majority of patients relapsed the levels of IgM-AbL tended to be increasing or pesistently positive. Usually relapse occurred 1-2 years after IgM-AbL was converted to positive. Relapse occurred 11-30 years after the patients were cured. In very rare case downgrading(from tuberculous to borderline leprosy) occurred. ⑥The levels of IgM-AbL gradually decreased in all relapsed patients after effective treatment except one case whose IgM-AbL was persistently positive. Conclusions The above results indicate that the ND-ELISA might be useful in screening early M.leprae infection and in predicting and monitoring the relapse of leprosy, especially in multibacillary patients.

Objective To investigate the levels of cytokines in sera of patients with various types of psoriasis.Methods Six cytokines, sIL-2R、 IL-2、 -4、 -10、 -12 and IFN-γ , were detected by sandwich ELISA in the sera from 15 patients with guttate psoriasis, 23 plaque psoriasis, 9 pustular psoriasis, 9 arthropathic psoriasis and 9 erythrodermic psoriasis.Results Significantly higher levels of cytokines were observed in guttate psoriasis for sIL-2R (P<0.01), in plaque psoriasis for IL-4,-12 and sIL-2R (P< 0.05 or < 0.01), in pustular psoriasis for IL-4 and -10 (P< 0.05), in arthropathic psoriasis for IL-10 (P< 0.01), in comparison with the controls.The levels of the six cytokines were increased in erythrodermic psoriasis with no significant difference from the controls.The ratio of the average level of IL-4 to IFN-γ was 1.57 in pustular psoriasis, 0.61 in plaque psoriasis, 0.30 in gutatte psoriasis, 0.24 in erythrodermic psoriasis, and 0.02 in arthropathic psoriasis.Conclusion There is different expression of cytokines in sera of patients with various types of psoriasis.

Objective To genotype the clinically isolated strains of M.leprae by genome sequencing analysis. Methods PCR amplification was used to produce the 200 bp partial rpoT gene fragments from 2 standard strains and the isolated strains of M. leprae isolated from clinical specimens in 7 areas of China. The fragments were sequenced by BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Reaction kit. Results① 12 rpoT－ 91/97bp DNA fragments and 2 rpoT－ 194/200 bp DNA fragments were obtained from 13 clinically isolated strains of M. leprae by PCR amplification;② based upon genome sequencing analysis, a component of 3－ copy or 4－ copy“ GACATC” repeat sequence was found in the nucleotide sequence of rpoT－ 194/200 bp DNA fragment. Conclusion The genome sequencing analysis can be used to objectively and accurately genotype M.leprae, and it is a useful tool for epidemiological study on transmission and infection of leprosy. However, the longer DNA fragments are necessary when sequencing analysis is conducted. Therefore this method needs further improvement because only the shorter DNA fragments amplified from paraffin－ embedded tissue.

Objective To establish a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method to amplify DNA of M.leprae from fixed and paraffin－ embedded tissue(FPET). Methods The DNA of M.leprae was released from FPET by using Texpat Kit and purified with 100％ alcohol. The primers RPOT(1) and RPUT(2) were used to conduct the PCR. Results A total of 32 samples were examined. Out of 32 samples with BI of more than 1＋ , 28 were positive for PCR. The PCR was negative in a sample with BI=0. The sensitivity of PCR reached a level of 0.04 pg DNA. Conclusion This PCR method is very useful for amplifying the DNA of M.leprae from FPET.

Objective To explore whether there were differences in genotypes between strains of M.leprae in China or not. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genotypes of M.leprae in samples from patients with leprosy in different parts of China. Results Out of 16 samples from 9 provinces, 91 bp DNA fragments were present in 7 samples and 97 bp DNA fragments in 9 samples. Conclusion Above- mentioned results suggest the genotyping differences in strains of M.leprae with different distribution in areas of China.

Objective To investigate the levels of cytokines in sera of patien ts with various types of psoriasis. Methods Six cytokines, sIL－2R、 IL－2、－ 4、－10、－12 and IFN－? , were detected by sandwich ELISA in the sera from 15 patients with guttate psoriasis, 23 plaque psoriasis, 9 pustular psoriasis, 9 arthropathic psoriasis and 9 erythrodermic psoriasis. Results Significantly hig her levels of cytokines were observed in guttate psoriasis for sIL－2R (P