The Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) control natural killer (NK) cells development and cytotoxic functions, however, whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in this pathway remains unknown. We found that miR155HG was elevated in activated NK cells and promoted their proliferation and effector functions in both NK92 and induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived NK (iPSC-NK) cells, without reliance on its derived miR-155 and micropeptide P155. Mechanistically, miR155HG bound to miR-6756 and relieved its repression of JAK3 expression, thereby promoting the JAK-STAT pathway and enhancing NK cell proliferation and function. Further investigations disclosed that upon cytokine stimulation, STAT3 directly interacts with miR155HG promoter and induces miR155HG transcription. Collectively, we identify a miR155HG-mediated positive feedback loop of the JAK-STAT signaling. Our study will also provide a power target regarding miR155HG for improving NK cell generation and effector function in the field of NK cell adoptive transfer therapy against cancer, especially iPSC-derived NK cells.

Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Patient Care Planning ; Cephalometry

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties. This expert consensus will focus on providing guiding opinions on the management and prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment, advocating for proactive prevention, early detection, timely treatment, scientific follow-up, and multidisciplinary management of white spot lesions throughout the orthodontic process, thereby maintaining the dental health of patients during orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Caries/etiology* ; Dental Enamel/pathology* ; Tooth Demineralization/etiology* ; Tooth Remineralization

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Objective: To learn the characteristics of varicella breakthrough cases aged under 14 years in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City and the effects of vaccination on incidence of breakthrough cases, so as to provide the basis for improving varicella vaccination strategy. Methods: Data of varicella cases aged under 14 years and vaccination in Haizhu District were collected through Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and Guangdong Provincial Vaccination and Vaccine Circulation Management Information System from 2015 to 2022. Temporal distribution, population distribution and vaccination history of varicella breakthrough cases were descriptively analyzed. Effects of primary immunization age and inoculation interval on breakthrough interval were analyzed using least square method fitting bi-cubic functional equation. Results: A total of 4 008 varicella breakthrough cases aged under 14 years were reported in Haizhu District from 2015 to 2022, accounting for 29.16% of all varicella cases. There were mainly 1-dose breakthrough cases, with 3 607 cases accounting for 90.00%. The proportion of 1-dose breakthrough cases showed a downward trend, while the proportion of 2-dose breakthrough cases showed an upward trend (both P<0.05). The epidemics peaked from March to May and from November to January, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.41︰1. The age of onset was mainly at 4 to 6 years, with 1 189 cases accounting for 29.67%. The primary immunization age was mainly ranged from 12 to <24 months, with 2 662 cases accounting for 66.42%. Vaccination of the second dose was concentrated at the age of 48 to <60 months, with 136 cases accounting for 33.92%. The breakthrough interval was relatively long among cases with primary immunization age at 12 to <36 months and inoculation interval within 45 months, with a median breakthrough interval of 25.24 (interquartile range, 20.00) months. Primary immunization age and inoculation interval were negatively correlated with breakthrough interval (P<0.05). Conclusions The varicella breakthrough cases aged under 14 years in Haizhu District from 2015 to 2022 were mainly occurred at the beginning of the new term, with a high incidence among preschool children. It is recommended that children receive the first dose of varicella vaccine within 36 months of age and booster within 45 months of interval.

Malignant insulinoma is a kind of rare and challenging neuroendocrine tumor. It is often accompanied by distant metastasis, among which liver metastasis is most common, and the prognosis is often non-promising. In this paper, we report a case of multiple liver metastases from malignant insulinoma. The patient, a 70-year-old male, was admitted to the hospital due to "episodic consciousness disorder for more than four months." Blood glucose monitoring revealed recurrent hypoglycemia in the early morning, after meals, and at night. Pancreatic perfusion CT and dynamic enhanced MRI of the liver revealed a mass in the uncinate process of the pancreatic head and multiple liver metastases. Percutaneous liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of insulinoma. After multidisciplinary discussions, hepatic artery embolization and radiofrequency ablation were performed in stages, in combination with everolimus treatment. Thereafter, the enhanced CT demonstrated that some liver metastases shrank. The patient had regular meals, and the blood sugar gradually increased and remained normal thereafter. This article discusses this case's clinical characteristics and multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment, aiming to provide experience for the comprehensive clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant insulinoma patients.

[Objective]To explore the medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)through data mining based on the distribution of syndromes.[Methods]Randomized controlled trials of TCM syndrome differentiation in the treatment of PCOS from CNKI,Wanfang Data Platform,VIP full-text database,Web of Science and PubMed were systematically searched.Exce12019,SPSS Modeler 18.0,SPSS Statistics 26.0 and other softwares were used for data analysis to explore the drug characteristics and rules of TCM treatment of PCOS based on syndrome distribution.[Results]A total of 281 literatures were included,including 3 427 frequent Chinese drugs,among which spleen deficiency phlegm dampness was the most involved syndrome type,and Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Poria cocos,Cuscuta chinensis Lam and so on were the most frequently used Chinese medicines.The amount of prescription drugs was mostly between 10～20 g,deficiency tonic drugs were the most common efficacy type in prescription,and warm and plain were the most common drug properties.Sweet and pungent were the most common drug flavors,while liver,kidney and spleen channels were the most common drug normalization channels.Drug types were also different under different syndrome types.Association rule analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on the top 3 syndrome types,and complex network diagram and tree diagram were drawn to explore the characteristics and rules of TCM treatment of PCOS under different syndrome types.[Conclusion]The clinical manifestations of PCOS are highly heterogeneous,and the treatment mainly focuses on tonifying the spleen and kidney,regulating Qi,resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis.The treatment methods of patients with different syndrome types are also different.TCM syndrome differentiation has unique advantages in the treatment of PCOS with significant effects,and the clinical treatment should be based on reasonable syndrome differentiation.

Objective To explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of Zhongfeng Xinglou Tongfu Capsule on the brain inflammatory response of mice with cerebral hemorrhage through cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8)mediated the interleukin 10(IL-10)/signal transduction and transcriptional activator 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods A total of 110 C57BL/6 mice were divided into sham operation group,cerebral hemorrhage group,Zhongfeng Xinglou Tongfu Capsule low-,medium-,and high-dose groups according to the random number table method,with 22 mice in each group.The intracerebral hemorrhage model was established by collagenase method.At 2 hours after the establishment of the model,Zhongfeng Xinglou Tongfu Capsule suspension was intragastrically administered at a dose of 10 mL·kg-1.The sham operation group and the cerebral hemorrhage group were intragastrically administered with the same dose of normal saline.The neurofunctional score and left-turn rate of the mice were recorded.The dry and wet weight method was used to detect brain water content on the 72 h after surgery,and the Western Blot method was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 10(IL-10),and the relative expression levels of JAK-1,STAT3,and p-STAT3 pathway proteins around the hematoma of mice at 72 h after surgery.On the 3rd and 5th day after surgery,Elisa method was used to detect the relative expression level of CCK-8,qPCR method was used to detect the expression levels of IL-10 and STAT3 mRNA.Results Compared with the cerebral hemorrhage group,the NDS scores of mice in the low-,medium-,and high-dose groups of Zhongfeng Xinglou Tongfu Capsules were significantly reduced on the 3rd and 5th days after intervention treatment(P＜0.01).And the left-turn rate in the low-dose group on the 3rd and 5th days after intervention treatment was reduced(P＜0.05),the left-turn rate in the medium-dose group was reduced on the 3rd day(P＜0.05)and the 5th day(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the left-turn rate was obviously reduced on the 3rd and 5th day in the high-dose group(P＜0.01).The brain water content of mice in the low-dose group was reduced(P＜0.05),and the brain water content of mice in the medium-and high-dose groups was significantly reduced(P＜0.01).In the low-dose group,the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-6 and JAK-1,STAT3,and p-STAT3 pathway proteins were significantly reduced(P＜0.01),while the expression of IL-1β was reduced(P＜0.05),the expression of IL-10 increased significantly(P＜0.01).The expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,as well as JAK-1,STAT3,and p-STAT3 pathway proteins in the medium-and high-dose groups was significantly reduced(P＜0.01),the expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 increased significantly(P＜0.01).The content of CCK-8 in the low-dose group was increased on the 3rd day after treatment(P＜0.05),and the content increased significantly on the 5th day(P＜0.01).The content of CCK-8 in the medium-and high-dose groups obviously increased on the 3rd and the 5th day after treatment(P＜0.01).The relative expression level of IL-10 mRNA was significantly increased after treatment(P＜0.01),but the relative expression level of STAT3 mRNA was significantly decreased after treatment(P＜0.01).Conclusion Zhongfeng Xinglou Tongfu Capsule can target the content of brain-gut peptide CCK-8 and regulate the IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway to reduce the secondary inflammatory reaction and cytotoxic brain edema after cerebral hemorrhage.

In-stent restenosis(ISR)is a significant cause of long-term prognosis after percutaneous coronary inter-vention(PCI).The inflammatory response is a critical factor in its development.Unlike the chronic inflammatory process of traditional atherosclerosis,ISR may develop acute coronary events within even months or years,and the inflamma-tory mechanisms of ISR are more complex.Inflammatory factors regulate various mechanisms,including monocyte macro-phage proliferation,endothelial cell damage and repair,foam cell formation,and smooth muscle cell proliferation and migra-tion after PCI.The review briefly describes the classification and risk factors of ISR.It emphasizes the role of various in-flammatory factors in ISR to provide new ideas for investigating the inflammatory mechanism of ISR and clinical intervention.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the common pathogens isolated from urine from 2015 to 2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods The bacterial strains were isolated from urine and identified routinely in 51 hospitals across China in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program from 2015 to 2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer method,automatic microbiological analysis system and E-test according to the unified protocol.Results A total of 261 893 nonduplicate strains were isolated from urine specimen from 2015 to 2021,of which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.8％(62 219/261 893),and gram-negative bacteria 76.2％(199 674/261 893).The most common species were E.coli(46.7％),E.faecium(10.4％),K.pneumoniae(9.8％),E.faecalis(8.7％),P.mirabilis(3.5％),P.aeruginosa(3.4％),SS.agalactiae(2.6％),and E.cloacae(2.1％).The strains were more frequently isolated from inpatients versus outpatients and emergency patients,from females versus males,and from adults versus children.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains in E.coli,K.pneumoniae and P.mirabilis was 53.2％,52.8％and 37.0％,respectively.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains in E.coli,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii was 1.7％,18.5％,16.4％,and 40.3％,respectively.Lower than 10％of the E.faecalis isolates were resistant to ampicillin,nitrofurantoin,linezolid,vancomycin,teicoplanin and fosfomycin.More than 90％of the E.faecium isolates were ressitant to ampicillin,levofloxacin and erythromycin.The percentage of strains resistant to vancomycin,linezolid or teicoplanin was＜2％.The E.coli,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii strains isolated from ICU inpatients showed significantly higher resistance rates than the corresponding strains isolated from outpatients and non-ICU inpatients.Conclusions E.coli,Enterococcus and K.pneumoniae are the most common pathogens in urinary tract infection.The bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance of urinary isolates vary with different populations.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and reduce the irrational use of antimicrobial agents.