Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health, function, and aesthetics, ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability. Managing these patients involving orthodontic tooth movement can be particularly challenging due to compromised periodontal soft and hard tissues, especially in severe cases. Therefore, close collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists for comprehensive diagnosis and sequential treatment, along with diligent patient compliance throughout the entire process, is crucial for achieving favorable treatment outcomes. Moreover, long-term orthodontic retention and periodontal follow-up are essential to sustain treatment success. This expert consensus, informed by the latest clinical research and practical experience, addresses clinical considerations for orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients, delineating indications, objectives, procedures, and principles with the aim of providing clear and practical guidance for clinical practitioners.
Humans ; Consensus ; Orthodontics, Corrective/standards* ; Periodontal Diseases/complications* ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Objective To explore the classical clinical features of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke like episodes (MELAS) syndrome.Methods The clinical data of 1 MELAS syndrome patient was analyzed retrospectively.Results This patient suffered from the symptoms of stroke such as speech disorder and abnormal behavior at the beginning.She had a medical history of maternal family.There were headache and seizure in the process of the disease.The result after a physical examination showed that the patient had hearing loss, visual field defect and decrease of muscle strength.The CT and MRI scan of head showed that the patient had a stroke like lesion which did not follow the distribution of blood vessels.The blood and cerebrospinal fluid examination has ruled out viral and autoimmune encephalitis.The final diagnosis of MELAS syndrome was confirmed by gene analysis.The gene mutation was the m.3243A>G mutation.The clinical symptoms of the patient were comprehensive and the imaging findings were typical.Conclusions Main clinical manifestations of MELAS syndrome are stroke like seizures, epilepsy, headache, dementia, hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, lactic acidosis, diabetes and so on.Main imaging features of the disease are stroke like lesions, basal ganglia calcification and brain atrophy.

Objective To set up a three-dimensional(3D) craniofacial cone-beam CT(CBCT)superimposition method based on voxel registration,and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of different reference superimposition areas.Methods CBCT scans were taken on a dry skull for three times with a time-interval of two weeks,and CBCT scans were taken on ten adult volunteers twice with a time-interval of one month.The 3D superimposition based on voxel registration was set up by means of Analyze 12.0.The bilateral-zygomatic bone and anterior cranial base were selected as different reference areas for voxel overlapping.The 3D overlapping images were output into Geomagic Qualify 2013,and the surface distances on different craniofacial regions were measured.Three operators repeated three times of these superimposition and measurement.SPSS 19.0 were used to analyze the accuracy and reliability.Results When bilateral-zygomatic bone used as superimposition reference,the mean surface distance range of dry skull were from 0.035 to 0.064 mm,and volunteers from 0.099 to 0.182 mm.When the anterior cranial base used as superimposition reference,the mean surface distance range of dry skull were from 0.038 to0.071 mm,and volunteers from 0.127 to 0.218 mm.All these mean values were less than the CBCT voxel size0.25 mm(P＜0.05),and got sub-pixel precision.No significant difference was found between the different operators at different times(P＞0.05).Conclusions This study showed the high accuracy and reliability of 3D CBCT superimposition based on voxel registration,either the anterior cranial base or the bilateral-zygomatic bone as reference.This method could be used for evaluating 3D craniofacial treatment effects.

Objective To observe the epidemiology characterization of Borna disease virus (BDV) in animal brain in Ili, Xinjiang, and to find out the potential infection of the Borna disease virus to prevent its outbreak. Methods The BDV p24 gene of animal brain tissues in Ili including 200 horses, 75 donkeys and 100 shepherd dogs was detected by fluorescence quantitative nest reverse transcriptase polymer-ase chain reaction(FQ-nRT-PCR). GFP-p24,pMD-19 plasmid contamination was excluded from positive products. Clone sequencing was used to analyze the homology of gene and amino acid sequence. Results BDV p24 gent was found in 3 Ili horses, 4 Ili donkeys and 9 shepherd dogs, and the positive ratio is 1.5%, 5.3% and 9.0%, respectively. The GFP-p24,pMD-19 were not found in BDV p40 gene and plasmid stand-ard. The sequence of BDV p24 amplification production was totally the same as He/80 virus strain. Conclu-sion Natural infection of BDV may exist in the animals(horses, donkeys and dogs)in Ili, and the epidem-ic strain of BDV in this area was homological as He/80 virus strain.