AIM: To identify research articles on myopia in preschool children and explore its current status and development trends based on bibliometric analysis.METHODS: Data from the Web of Science Core Collection database were analyzed using the search term “TS=Preschool children myopia” to retrieve all relevant publications from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023.RESULTS: A total of 171 articles were included in the analysis. China was identified as the leading country in terms of publication volume, making significant contributions to this field. The National University of Singapore and Nanjing Medical University were recognized as key institutions at the forefront of this research. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science and Ophthalmology emerged as the journals with the highest citation frequencies. High-frequency keywords highlighted the current status and future directions of myopia research in preschool children. Specifically, “prevalence”, “refractive error” and “risk factors” were identified as potential focal points for future investigations.CONCLUSION: This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global literature on myopia in preschool children. It identifies the most frequently cited articles in this field, outlines the global research landscape, and highlights emerging hotspots and trends. These findings offer valuable insights and directions for researchers and practitioners focusing on this area.

OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the quality of Sanzi powder from different batches based on 12 components quantitative analysis combined with chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight-TOPSIS method. METHODS The contents of 12 components in 15 batches of Sanzi powder （No. S1-S15） were determined by HPLC-MS/MS， such as ethyl gallate， gallic acid， ferulic acid， corilagin， genipin-1-O-β-D-gentiobioside， toosendanin， geniposide， caffeic acid， methyl deacetylated coumarinate， tannic acid， rutin， quercetin. Cluster analysis （CA）， principal component analysis （PCA）， and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were conducted on the assay results. Using variable importance projection （VIP） value＞1 and P＜0.05 as the evaluation criteria， the quality differential markers in Sanzi powder were screened. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight value， and TOPSIS method was used to rank the quality of 15 batches of Sanzi powder from superior to inferior. RESULTS The contents of the 12 components were 13.494-24.292， 2 069.608-3 188.100， 1.410-3.616， 1 065.030-2 630.584， 1 404.704-1 838.078， 101.640-354.268， 9 193.720-14 777.854， 1.240-5.060， 148.028-5 541.990， 4 261.422-5 607.438， 107.560- 195.512， 2.226-4.192 μg/g， respectively. The results of CA， PCA and OPLS-DA indicated that 15 batches of Sanzi powder could be clustered into two groups. Specifically， batches S3， S7， S10 and S15 were grouped into one category， and remaining batches were grouped into one category. VIP values of geniposide， quercetin， caffeic acid， and methyl deacetylated coumarinate were all greater than 1， with corresponding P-values less than 0.05. The results of the entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis revealed that methyl deacetylate exhibited the smallest information entropy and the highest weight. The relative closeness degrees of samples S3， S7， S10 and S15 ranged from 0.789 to 0.973， while the remaining samples ranged from 0.054 to 0.172. CONCLUSIONS The contents of 12 components in Sanzi powder could be determined accurately by using HPLC-MS/MS technology. Methyl deacetylated coumarinate， geniposide， quercetin and caffeic acid were identified as the quality differential markers. It was found that the overall quality of samples S3， S7， S10 and S15 were superior to that of other batches. Notably， the quality of Gardeniae Fructus decoction pieces emerges as a critical factor in ensuring the consistency of the preparation’s quality.

The academic thought of Professor GAO Shuzhong on acupuncture and moxibustion is investigated systematically and summarized as 5 aspects: establishing GAO 's theory and methodological method of "siguan santong" (four gates and three opens); structuring the theory of "yinyang, qi movement, ascending and descending" pivoted at the umbilicus; deepening the laws of "stereo-layered holographic correspondence in the human body"; proposing "the method of bi-location" of acupoint systems based on meridian and collateral theories; developing the characteristic differentiation theory of acupuncture and moxibustion. These summaries reflect the unique perspective and distinctive features of Professor GAO Shuzhong on the theory of acupuncture and moxibustion, and his clinical thinking; and bring the practical significance for the discipline and academic development of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Moxibustion/history* ; Humans ; China ; Acupuncture/education* ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; History, 20th Century

The expert consensus on the clinical treatment of herpes zoster with fire needling was developed, and the commonly used fire needling treatment scheme verified by clinical research was selected to form a standardized diagnosis and treatment scheme for acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), so as to answer the core problems in clinical application. The consensus focuses on patients with herpes zoster, and forms recommendations for 9 key clinical issues, covering simple fire needling and TCM comprehensive therapy based on fire needling, including fire needling combined with cupping, fire needling combined with Chinese herb, fire needling combined with cupping and Chinese herb, fire needling combined with filiform needling, fire needling combined with moxibustion, and provides specific recommendations and operational guidelines for various therapies.
Humans ; Herpes Zoster/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Consensus ; Clinical Protocols

BACKGROUND: Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a skeletal pathology associated with chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) that is characterized by aberrant bone mineralization and remodeling. ROD increases the risk of fracture and mortality in CKD patients. The underlying mechanisms of ROD remain elusive, partially due to the absence of an appropriate animal model. To address this gap, we established a stable mouse model of ROD using an optimized adenine-enriched diet and conducted exploratory analyses through ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq). METHODS: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into three groups: control group ( n = 5), adenine and high-phosphate (HP) diet group ( n = 20), and the optimized adenine-containing diet group ( n = 20) for 12 weeks. We assessed the skeletal characteristics of model mice through blood biochemistry, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and bone histomorphometry. RNA-seq was utilized to profile gene expression changes of ROD. We elucidated the functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). DEGs were validated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: By the fifth week, adenine followed by an HP diet induced rapid weight loss and high mortality rates in the mouse group, precluding further model development. Mice with optimized adenine diet-induced ROD displayed significant abnormalities in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, accompanied by pronounced hyperparathyroidism and hyperphosphatemia. The femur bone mineral density (BMD) of the model mice was lower than that of control mice, with substantial bone loss and cortical porosity. ROD mice exhibited substantial bone turnover with an increase in osteoblast and osteoclast markers. Transcriptomic profiling revealed 1907 genes with upregulated expression and 723 genes with downregulated expression in the femurs of ROD mice relative to those of control mice. Pathway analyses indicated significant enrichment of upregulated genes in the sphingolipid metabolism pathway. The significant upregulation of alkaline ceramidase 1 ( Acer1 ), alkaline ceramidase 2 ( Acer2 ), prosaposin-like 1 ( Psapl1 ), adenosine A1 receptor ( Adora1 ), and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 5 ( S1pr5 ) were successfully validated in mouse femurs by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Optimized adenine diet mouse model may be a valuable proxy for studying ROD. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the sphingolipid metabolism pathway is likely a key player in ROD pathogenesis, thereby providing new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Animals ; Mice ; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder/genetics* ; Male ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Sphingolipids/metabolism* ; Transcriptome/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/genetics* ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Adenine

Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Patient Care Planning ; Cephalometry

Objective To evaluate the short-term clinical effect of arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff injury with all-suture anchor using a prospective and single-cohort clinical trial.Methods Twenty-five patients with rotator cuff injuries(1.5 cm0.05).Conclusion Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with all-suture anchor is feasible and safe,and has good short-term clinical effect.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of gene testing in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in patients with premature myocardial infarction(PMI).Methods:This study was a single center cross-sectional study. A retrospective analysis was made on PMI patients who visited the People′s Hospital of Peking University from May 1, 2015 to March 31, 2017. Clinical data of patients was collected and gene testing of FH related genes low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), apolipoprotein B(APOB) and low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1(LDLRAP1) was carried out. Clinical diagnosis of FH patients was performed using Simon Broome criteria, DLCN criteria, and FH Chinese expert consensus.Results:There were 188 males (83.6%) among 225 PMI patients, and the age of the first myocardial infarction was (46.6±7.2) years old. Ten patients carried FH pathogenic or possibly pathogenic mutations (4.4%). Compared with Simon Broome standard, DLCN standard and FH Chinese expert consensus, gene testing increased the diagnostic rate of FH by 53.3%, 33.3% and 42.1% respectively.Conclusion:Gene testing is helpful to improve the diagnosis of FH, and it is important to start the standard treatment of FH as early as possible in patients with premature myocardial infarction.

Objective To establish and validate a risk prediction model based on multiple blood routine parameters for preliminary differential diagnosis of influenza A and influenza like illness(ILI)in children.Methods Children with influenza A(n=2 686)and ILI(n=1 369)who were treated in Department of Pediatrics,The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)from Jul.1,2022 to Jun.30,2023 were enrolled,and their clinical and laboratory features were collected for retrospective analysis.According to age,patients were divided into 2 subgroups:1 year≤age≤6 years and 6 years＜age≤16 years.Patients in each subgroup were randomly divided into training set(70%)and internal validation set(30%).Children with influenza A(n=204)and ILI(n=404)who were treated in Department of Pediatrics of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)and Naval Hospital of PLA Eastern Theater Command from Jul.1,2022 to Jun.30,2023 were selected as the external validation set.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the training set to obtain the independent influencing factors of influenza A.The prediction model based on these factors were displayed as a nomogram.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow test,and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the performance of the model from 3 aspects:discrimination,calibration,and clinical practicality,respectively.The diagnostic performance of the model was verified in both internal validation set and external validation set.Results In the subgroup of 1 year≤age≤6 years,age,white blood cell count,lymphocyte count and C reactive protein were the independent influencing factors of influenza A(all P＜0.01);the area under the curve(AUC)value of the established nomogram prediction model for identifying influenza A was 0.746 in the training set,0.771 in the internal validation set,and 0.753 in the external validation set;the predicted probability of the model was highly consistent with the actual probability(P=0.216);and taking intervention measures within a threshold probability range of 16%-60%could yield net benefits.In the subgroup of 6 years＜age≤16 years,gender,white blood cell count and lymphocyte count were the independent influencing factors of influenza A(all P＜0.01);the AUC value of the established nomogram prediction model for identifying influenza A was 0.733,0.747 in the internal validation set,and 0.753 in the external validation set;the predicted probability of the model was highly consistent with the actual probability(P=0.06);and taking intervention measures within a threshold probability range of 12%-58%could yield net benefits.Conclusion This risk prediction model based on easily obtainable blood routine parameters shows good diagnostic performance for influenza A,with high accuracy and clinical practicality.

Objective To investigate,before and after sucrose challenge,the difference of saliva microbiome between caries-free(CF)and caries-active(CA)individuals,and to explore the potential key microorganisms that is more susceptible to sucrose chal-lenge.Methods Eighteen systemic healthy volunteers,among which 8 were caries-free and 10 were caries-active,were recruited.Sa-liva samples were collected pre-treatment and at 30 min and 2 h after the sucrose treatment.Microbial diversity and community structure were analyzed and compared using Illumina sequencing platform.Results The diversity and abundance of saliva samples from caries-free individuals was similar to that from caries-active individuals before sucrose treatment.After 2 h of treatment,the microbial diversity of the CA group was significantly higher than that of the CF group(P＜0.05).The results of Beta diversity analysis showed no signifi-cant difference between the two groups.The dominant species,which were represented as Pseudomonas,Streptococcus,Prevotella,Al-loprevotella,Neisseria and Veillonella,in the two groups were similar but different in abundance.There was no significant change in the abundance difference of Veillonella between CF and CA before and after treatment.The abundance differences of Prevotella and Allopre-votella between CF and CA increased and the abundance difference of Neisseria decreased after sucrose treatment.The results of LEfSe analysis showed that Prevotella,as one of the dominant bacteria in the two groups,was significantly more abundant in the CA group than in the CF group after sucrose treatment,suggesting its potential biomarker role.Conclusion The diversity and composition of sa-liva microbiome changes subject to sucrose challenge,which is more significant in caries-affected individuals.The response of salivary microbe to sucrose challenge is different between caries-free and caries-active individuals.Prevotella is a potential biomarker of caries.