This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Objective To compare the synergies between the transcutaneous needle electrodes and the ETT surface electrodes used for neurological surveillance in thyroidology,and explore how to identify and protect recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve when the patient is not suitable for oral plug or surface electrodes are failure.Methods To collect and analyze the clinical data of 32 patients undergoing surgical treatment for thyroid disease,a total of 40 neurons of the recurrent laryngeal nerves and vagus nerves were monitored,and the amplitude and latency were recorded using ETT surface electrodes and transcutaneous needle electrodes for nerve monitoring,respectively.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis,paired t-tests were used to analyze and compare the latency periods,and the rank sum test was used to analyze whether there is a difference in the amplitude obtained from stimulation of transcutaneous needle electrodes and ETT surface electrodes.Results When the transcutaneous needle electrodes were used in thyroid surgery,we identified all the nerves,obtained two-phase electrical signals similar to the latency and amplitude of the ETT surface electrodes,and could effectively identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve[(3.22±0.50)ms vs.(3.85±1.00)ms,P＜0.05]through the incapacity period,with no obvious difference in the monitoring effect from the ETT surface electrodes[(3.04±0.58)ms vs.(3.89±1.07)ms,P＜0.05].At the same time,the visualization and safety of transcutaneous needle electrodes were higher,with great advantages.Conclusion Transcutaneous needle electrodes can effectively assist in identifying and protecting the recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve,and thus are an important supplement to ETT surface electrodes.

Purpose To demonstrate the advantages of non-contrast-enhanced whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography(NCE-CMRA)in evaluating coronary arteries by comparing ultrasonography(US),and to explore the clinical value of NCE-CMRA in the diagnosis of coronary artery lesions of Kawasaki disease(KD)in children.Materials and Methods NCE-CMRA and US imaging data of 41 children with KD from June 2017 to June 2021 who were diagnosed clinically in Lanzhou University Second Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.The display ability of US and NCE-CMRA in coronary arteries were compared.At the same time,the imaging characteristics of NCE-CMRA were analyzed,and the imaging characteristics such as the range and degree of coronary artery lesions displayed by NCE-CMRA were summarized.Results The overall segment display rate of NCE-CMRA in 41 children with KD was 75.6%;the overall segment display rate of US was 46.3%,with statistical difference between the two techniques(χ2=59.04,P<0.001).Regarding the display of the middle and distal segments of coronary arteries,NCE-CMRA had a clear imaging advantage over US(χ2=57.98 and 161.47,P<0.001).In all cases,25 patients(200 segments)had coronary artery lesions,and 94 segments of coronary artery showed different degrees of dilatation,including 8 segments(8.6%)of giant coronary artery aneurysm,35 segments(37.2%)of medium coronary artery aneurysm,and 51 segments(54.2%)of small coronary artery aneurysm or coronary artery dilation.Conclusion NCE-CMRA technology can objectively and accurately display coronary artery in children,and it can specifically evaluate the degree of damage caused by KD.It has important clinical significance in the diagnosis and evaluation of coronary artery lesions in children with KD.

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass, damage to bone tissue microstructure, increased bone fragility, and susceptibility to fractures, while sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive reduction in overall muscle mass and functional decline. Based on the common pathophysiological mechanism and close correlation between the two, the concept of "osteosarcopenia" has gradually emerged to describe the simultaneous attenuation of muscles and bones. Signaling pathways serve as important signal transmission channels between muscles and bones, and if abnormal, they can lead to osteosarcopenia. The aim of this article, therefore, is to review the signaling pathways related to osteogenesis and myogenesis, such as Hedgehog, Hippo, mTOR, MAPK, in order to provide new ideas for targeted treatment of osteosarcopenia.

OBJECTIVE To compare the consistency between the semi-quantitative detection of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and the detection of p16 IHC and E6/E7RNA ISH in the tissues,and the feasibility of detecting high-risk HPV in head and neck mucosal lesions by HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection in the swabs was discussed.METHODS A total of 100 cases of head and neck mucosal lesions treated by the Department of Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2022 to August 2023 were collected.Semi-quantitative detection of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was performed in oropharynx,lesion surface swab and lesion tissue specimen,and p16 immunohistochemical staining(IHC)and E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization(ISH)were detected in lesion tissue,and the consistency and difference of different detection results were studied.RESULTS Among the 100 patients,83 met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 21 papilloma cases,10 polyps/chronic inflammation cases,19 laryngeal cancer cases,13 oropharyngeal cancer cases,and 20 hypopharyngeal cancer cases according to pathological diagnosis.The HPV E6/E7 mRNA semi-quantitative results of oropharyngeal swab and lesion surface swab showed moderate or near high consistency with p16 IHC results.The results of HPV E6/E7 mRNA semi-quantitative in diseased tissue were highly consistent with those of p16 IHC(Kappa=0.780).In the diagnostic efficacy analysis,both swabs showed high consistency with HPV E6/E7 mRNA ISH(Kappa=0.690 and 0.708).CONCLUSION In the head and neck mucosal lesions,the HPV semi-quantitative detection results of oropharyngeal and lesion surface swab showed good consistency compared with classical p16 IHC and gold standard HPV E6/E7 mRNA ISH.It is a simple and reliable method for clinical high-risk HPV detection,which is helpful for the screening and individualized precise prevention and control of HPV infection in head and neck mucosal lesions.

Background: Biofilms, such as those from Staphylococcus epidermidis, are generally insensitive to traditional antimicrobial agents, making it difficult to inhibit their formation. Although quercetin has excellent antibiofilm effects, its clinical applications are limited by the lack of sustained and targeted release at the site of S. epidermidis infection. Objectives: Polyethylene glycol-quercetin nanoparticles (PQ-NPs)-loaded gelatin-N,Ocarboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMCS) composite nanogels were prepared and assessed for the on-demand release potential for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation. Methods: The formation mechanism, physicochemical characterization, and antibiofilm activity of PQ-nanogels against S. epidermidis were studied. Results: Physicochemical characterization confirmed that PQ-nanogels had been prepared by the electrostatic interactions between gelatin and N,O-CMCS with sodium tripolyphosphate. The PQ-nanogels exhibited obvious pH and gelatinase-responsive to achieve on-demand release in the micro-environment (pH 5.5 and gelatinase) of S. epidermidis.In addition, PQ-nanogels had excellent antibiofilm activity, and the potential antibiofilm mechanism may enhance its antibiofilm activity by reducing its relative biofilm formation, surface hydrophobicity, exopolysaccharides production, and eDNA production. Conclusions This study will guide the development of the dual responsiveness (pH and gelatinase) of nanogels to achieve on-demand release for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation.

Pheretima,also called"earthworms",is a well-known animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine that is extensively used in over 50 Chinese patent medicines(CPMs)in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edi-tion).However,its zoological origin is unclear,both in the herbal market and CPMs.In this study,a strategy for integrating in-house annotated protein databases constructed from close evolutionary relationship-sourced RNA sequencing data from public archival resources and various sequencing al-gorithms(restricted search,open search,and de novo)was developed to characterize the phenotype of natural peptides of three major commercial species of Pheretima,including Pheretima aspergillum(PA),Pheretima vulgaris(PV),and Metaphire magna(MM).We identified 10,477 natural peptides in the PA,7,451 in PV,and 5,896 in MM samples.Five specific signature peptides were screened and then validated using synthetic peptides;these demonstrated robust specificity for the authentication of PA,PV,and MM.Finally,all marker peptides were successfully applied to identify the zoological origins of Brain Heart capsules and Xiaohuoluo pills,revealing the inconsistent Pheretima species used in these CPMs.In conclusion,our integrated strategy could be used for the in-depth characterization of natural peptides of other animal-derived traditional Chinese medicines,especially non-model species with poorly annotated protein databases.

【Objective】 To explore the effect of online and offline collaborative and integrated mode (Internet + blood donation souvenirs), and develop diversified scientific ways of caring for voluntary blood donors in combination with the potential expectation of the target population, ao as to recruit and retain more blood donors. 【Methods】 A total of 4 000 blood donors from Yichang Central Blood Station from January 1 to June 30, 2022 were selected, and they could collect souvenirs from online and offline. The intelligent platform V9.5 of modern blood station management information system of Qiao Technology was used to classify the data of online and offline souvenir distribution, and digital intelligent comparison and analysis on age, occupation, education, type (first-time blood donors or repeat blood donors), region (main urban districts of Yichang and other counties and suburban districts) and gender were carried out. 【Results】 A total of 1 400 blood donors chose online souvenirs, who were mainly under 25 years old, students, female, college education or above, urban areas and regular donors; 2 600 chose offline souvenirs, who were mainly over 25 years old, male, junior college degree or below, occupations other than students (medical workers, educators, etc.), counties and suburban districts, and first-time blood donors. The collaborative and integrated mode of the two distribution methods were complementary and had a good incentive effect on blood donor recruitment. 【Conclusion】 The online and offline collaborative and integrated mode demonstrates a good effect and meets the needs of different population. Digital intelligence system is helpful to develop diversified and scientific ways of caring for voluntary blood donors, recruit and retain more blood donors, achieve high-quality development of blood collection and supply, therefore guarantee the increasing demand for clinical blood use.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of newly-treated patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).Methods:Clinical data of 117 newly-treated PCNSL patients who were admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, and Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College from August 2009 to February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' age, sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status (PS) score, pathological type, involvement of deep brain tissue, number of lesions, cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration, International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG) score, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) score, treatment strategy, and response after the first-line therapy were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to identify the independent influencing factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of PCNSL patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.Results:In 117 newly-treated PCNSL patients, 59 cases (50.4%) presented with increased intracranial pressure or focal neurological symptoms at diagnosis; there were 65 cases (55.6%) with single lesions and 52 cases (44.4%) with multiple lesions; 1 patient (0.9%) had lymphoma of T-cell origin, and 116 cases (99.1%) had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Among 95 evaluable patients, 41 patients (43.2%) achieved complete remission (CR), 20 patients (21.1%) achieved partial remission (PR), 16 patients (16.8%) achieved stable disease (SD), and 18 patients (18.9%) had progressive disease (PD). In 117 patients with median follow-up of 66.0 months (95% CI 57.9-74.1 months), the median PFS and OS were 17.4 months (95% CI 11.5-23.3 months) and 45.6 months (95% CI 20.1-71.1 months), respectively. The 2-, 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 41.2%, 28.6% and 19.3%, and OS rates were 63.7%, 52.4% and 46.3%, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that baseline high-risk MSKCC score group was an adverse prognostic factor for PFS ( P = 0.037), and the first-line chemotherapy with ≥4 cycles of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), HDMTX in combination with rituximab, ≥4 cycles of rituximab in combination with HDMTX, and achieving CR or ≥PR after the first-line treatment reduced the risk of disease progression and prolonged the PFS time (all P <0.01); age >60 years old, ECOG-PS score of 2-4 points, elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration, high-risk IELSG score, and high-risk MSKCC score were adverse prognostic factors for OS, and ≥4 cycles of HDMTX and achieving CR or ≥PR after the first-line treatment were favorable factors for OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis verified that rituximab in combination with HDMTX (yes vs. no: HR = 0.349, 95% CI 0.133-0.912, P = 0.032) and achieving ≥PR after the first-line chemotherapy (yes vs. no: HR = 0.028, 95% CI 0.004-0.195, P < 0.001) were independent favorable factors for PFS; age >60 years old (>60 years old vs. ≤60 years old: HR = 10.878, 95% CI 1.807-65.488, P = 0.009) was independent unfavorable factor for OS, while ≥4 cycles of HDMTX treatment (≥4 cycles vs. <4 cycles: HR = 0.225, 95% CI 0.053-0.947, P = 0.042) was independent favorable factor for OS. Conclusions:The older the PCNSL patients at initial treatment, the worse the prognosis. Intensive and continuous treatment for achieving deeper remission may be the key for improving the outcome of PCNSL patients.

Objective:To analyze the viral genome sequence of novel coronavirus infected persons in Baotou City, understand the mutation characteristics of novel coronavirus genome in the process of transmission among cases, and explore the transmission rule of novel coronavirus in the clustered populations.Methods:Nine throat swabs samples (No. 1 - 7, No. 9, and No. 10), two sputum samples (No. 8, No. 11, and No. 11 sample was from No. 10 case), and one surface smear sample (No.12, and No. 12 sample was from No. 10 case) were collected from 10 confirmed cases of novel coronavirus infection in Baotou City from January 25 to February 21, 2020. Samples 1 and 3 were from single cases, and the rest were from clustered cases. The virus genome was sequenced by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation sites were screened by comparing with NC_045512, a reference strain of novel coronavirus. Combined with relevant epidemiological information, gene mutation, virus typing, and evolutionary traceability analysis were carried out.Results:The results of viral genome mNGS showed that 76 SNP mutation sites were detected in 12 samples compared with the reference strain NC_045512, including 3 (3.95%) transitions and 73 (96.05%) reversals. There were 19 (25.00%) synonymous mutations and 57 (75.00%) non-synonymous mutations. The analysis of nucleotide and amino acid variation sites showed that mutations were found at five sites (T2821C, C6548T, T16464C, G16858A and T251C) in all the clustered cases (cases 2, 4 - 10). In the single cases, sample 1 had mutations at C9245T and A15340T, and sample 3 had mutation at C13T. The virus typing analysis showed that the samples 1 and 3 belonged to the L type of novel coronavirus, while the rest belonged to the S type of novel coronavirus. The results of genomic evolutionary relationship analysis showed that all the samples could be divided into two branches. The branches of sample 1 and 3 belonged to single cases, and the rest belonged to family clustered cases.Conclusion:The genomic characteristics of the clustered cases of novel coronavirus infection in Baotou City are basically consistent with the epidemiological investigation results, and the transmission of the virus is mainly related to close contact and family gathering.