Work serves as a critical means of obtaining resources, facilitating personal growth, realizing self-worth, and engaging in social interactions. However, work-related diseases pose significant threats to workers’ health and productivity, and impose considerable economic burdens. This article categorized work-related diseases into six major types, including musculoskeletal disorders, mental and behavioral disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, digestive system diseases, reproductive system diseases, and non-specific respiratory diseases, and summarized their risk factors, assessment methods, policy regulation, and prevention and control measures. Current research in this field predominantly relies on cross-sectional studies, which present limitations in causal inference and potential risks of bias. Future studies should expand sample sizes, optimize research designs, and establish multidimensional evaluation systems to comprehensively assess the health and economic impacts of work-related diseases. It is recommended to enhance the translation of research findings into practice, thereby providing a scientific basis for the occupational health protection system and promoting the well-being and sustainable development of the working population.

Objective To develop the Expert Consensus on Sensitive Indicators for Assessment of the Quality of Nursing in Operating Theatre and provide a scientific and practical guidance for improving the quality of nursing in operating theatre.Methods The writing team established by the Operating Room Nursing Professional Committee of Guangdong Nursing Association conducted systematic literature retrieval and screening,and used the updated clinical Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Ⅱ in UK 2017.AGREE Ⅱ and the evidence evaluation system of the Australian JBI(Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI)Evidence-Based Health Care Center evidence level system(2016 Edition)comprehensively analyzed the evidence related to the sensitive indicators for evaluating the quality of operating room nursing and the suggestions of the writing group members.The first draft was formed based on the three-dimensional quality evaluation theoretical framework of"structure-process-result".Through the Delphi method,after two rounds of expert consultations and members'votes,the first draft was deeply revised and improved.Results Based on the three-dimensional quality evaluation theoretical framework of"structure-process-outcome"proposed by American scholar Donabedian,the expert consensus finally included five primary indicators:basic nursing quality,quality indicators of patient safety,quality indicators of hospital infection control,quality indicators of medication and safety management,and quality indicators of specialised nursing in operating theatre.The secondary indicators consisted of one structural indicator(management of commonly used instrument and equipment in operating theatre)and 17 process indicators(e.g.,infusion and blood transfusion management,body temperature management,etc.).The tertiary indicators included 26 process indicators and 11 outcome indicators(e.g.,incidence of adverse reactions of infusion during surgery,incidence of intra-operative hypothermia,etc.).Conclusion The evidence-and guideline-based Expert Consensus on Sensitive Indicators for Assessment of the Quality of Nursing in Operating Theatre based on eviclence and guidelines was established through rigorous evidence-based methods.It is operational and practical,and offers theoretical support and practical guidance for the managers of operating theatre to improve the quality of nursing.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer.Methods:The prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. The clinical data of 90 patients undergoing total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer in Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January to December 2022 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group by the method of random number table. Patients underwent 3D or 2D laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer. Observation indicators: (1) grouping of enrolled patients; (2) intra-operative and postoperative situations; (3) feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. Com-parison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of count data between groups wsa conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data between groups was conducted using the nonparametric test. Results:(1) Group of enrolled patients. A total of 90 patients eligible for total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer were selected. There were 56 males and 34 females, aged (61±7)years. All 90 patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group, with 45 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of abdominal surgery, surgical method, tumor site and TNM staging between the two groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations. The operation time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (196±12)minutes and (204±14)minutes, respectively. The digestive tract reconstruction time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (81±8)minutes and (87±12)minutes, respectively. There were significant differences in operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time between the two groups ( t=-2.85, -2.43, P<0.05). After surgery, 3 cases of the 3D laparoscopic group experienced complications (1 case of abdominal infection, 2 cases of intestinal obstruction), and 8 cases of the 2D laparoscopic group experienced complications (2 cases of anastomotic leakage, 2 cases of abdominal infection, 4 cases of intestinal obstruction). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups ( χ2=2.59, P>0.05). (3) Feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. After surgery, the major surgeon completed a questionnaire survey. The score of image quality perception of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.73±0.08 and 4.46±0.09, respectively. The score of hand-eye coordination experience of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.60±0.09 and 4.55±0.08, respectively. The score of operation comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.81±0.05 and 4.62±0.08, respectively. The score of eye comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group 4.49±0.07 and 4.68±0.07, respectively. There were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=15.04, 2.57, 13.51, -12.88, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with 2D laparoscopy, 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer has shorter operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time, does not increase postoperative complications, and has better feelings of the major surgeon in image quality perception, hand-eye coordination experience and operation comfort.

Objective:To explore the value of dual-layer spectral CT virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans with reduced contrast medium volume in pediatric tumor patients.Methods:The study is a self-matched case-control study. From January to October 2024, pediatric patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital with abdominal tumors who underwent low contrast dose spectral CT contrast-enhanced scans during follow-up were prospectively included. A total of 47 patients aged (6.2±2.2) years (4-14 years) were enrolled. Usual contrast dose enhanced CT served as the conventional-dose group, while the follow-up low-dose spectral CT scans employed a protocol with half the contrast agent dose (low-dose group). Images were reconstructed as conventional CT images and VMI at 45, 55, and 65 keV. Using muscle as the reference background, differences in CT values and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen were compared between the low-dose group and conventional-dose group. Multi-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman test. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction for P-values. Results:CT values and CNRs for all measured regions progressively increased with decreasing keV levels in spectral CT VMI. Significant overall differences were found in CT values and CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen among the low-dose group (all VMIs) and the conventional-dose group (all P<0.001). At 65 keV VMI in the low-dose group, both CT values and CNRs (except for the liver CNR) were significantly lower than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). At 55 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values and CNRs for all regions did not show statistically significant differences compared to the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P>0.05). At 45 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values for all structures and CNR for the spleen were significantly higher than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, and liver (adjusted P=1.000, 0.313, and 0.503, respectively). Conclusion:When the contrast dose is halved, spectral CT 45 keV VMI enhances CT attenuation values and CNR in the abdomen of pediatric tumor patients, while 55 keV VMI provides image quality comparable to that of conventional-dose CT.

Objective:To explore the value of dual-layer spectral CT virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans with reduced contrast medium volume in pediatric tumor patients.Methods:The study is a self-matched case-control study. From January to October 2024, pediatric patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital with abdominal tumors who underwent low contrast dose spectral CT contrast-enhanced scans during follow-up were prospectively included. A total of 47 patients aged (6.2±2.2) years (4-14 years) were enrolled. Usual contrast dose enhanced CT served as the conventional-dose group, while the follow-up low-dose spectral CT scans employed a protocol with half the contrast agent dose (low-dose group). Images were reconstructed as conventional CT images and VMI at 45, 55, and 65 keV. Using muscle as the reference background, differences in CT values and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen were compared between the low-dose group and conventional-dose group. Multi-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman test. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction for P-values. Results:CT values and CNRs for all measured regions progressively increased with decreasing keV levels in spectral CT VMI. Significant overall differences were found in CT values and CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen among the low-dose group (all VMIs) and the conventional-dose group (all P<0.001). At 65 keV VMI in the low-dose group, both CT values and CNRs (except for the liver CNR) were significantly lower than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). At 55 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values and CNRs for all regions did not show statistically significant differences compared to the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P>0.05). At 45 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values for all structures and CNR for the spleen were significantly higher than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, and liver (adjusted P=1.000, 0.313, and 0.503, respectively). Conclusion:When the contrast dose is halved, spectral CT 45 keV VMI enhances CT attenuation values and CNR in the abdomen of pediatric tumor patients, while 55 keV VMI provides image quality comparable to that of conventional-dose CT.

[Purpose]To analyze the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in 2020 and the change trend from 2010 to 2020 in cancer registration areas of Gansu Province.[Methods]The data of pancreatic cancer from 2010 to 2020 were collected from cancer registries in Gansu Province.The crude incidence/mortality rate,age-standardized incidence/mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC/ASMRC)and world standard population(ASIRW/ASMRW),0～74 years old cumulative rate and proportion of pancreatic cancer were calculated.Joinpoint 4.7.0 software was used to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)of ASIRC/ASMRC of pancreatic cancer in cancer registration areas of Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020.[Results]In 2020,a total of 838 new cases of pancreatic cancer were reported in the cancer registration areas of Gansu Province,with a crude incidence rate of 6.52/105,ASIRC and ASIRW of 4.03/105 and 4.49/105 respectively,accounting for 2.50％of all malignant tumor incidence.In 2020,702 cases of pan-creatic cancer deaths were reported in the cancer registration areas of Gansu Province,with a crude mortality rate of 5.46/105,ASMRC and ASMRW of 3.25/105 and 3.73/105,respectively,ac-counting for 3.98％of all malignant tumor deaths.From 2010 to 2020,a total of 2 413 cases of pancreatic cancer were reported in cancer registration areas in Gansu Province,accounting for 1.90％of all malignant tumors in the province.The crude incidence rate of pancreatic cancer was 5.28/105,the ASIRC was 4.18/105,the ASIRW was 4.63/105,and the cumulative rate of 0～74 years old was 0.49％.From 2010 to 2020,a total of 1 871 pancreatic cancer deaths were reported in cancer registration areas of Gansu Province,accounting for 2.38％of all malignant tumor deaths in the province.The crude mortality rate was 3.92/105,the ASMRC was 3.09/105,the ASMRW was 3.50/105,and the cumulative rate of 0～74 years old was 0.36％.In terms of sex and region,the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer from 2010 to 2020 in men were higher than those in women,and higher in rural areas than those in urban areas.From 2010 to 2020,the incidence and mortality were at a low level under the age of 44 years old,and increased significantly after 45 years old,reaching a peak in the age group of 80～84 years old.ASIRC showed no significant change from 2010 to 2020 with an AAPC of 0.41 1％(P＞0.05).From 2010 to 2020,the ASMRC showed an significantly increasing trend with an AAPC of 6.515％(P=0.014).[Conclusion]From 2010 to 2020,the ASRIC of pancreatic cancer in Gansu Province showed no significant change,while the ASMRC showed a significantly in-creasing trend.The incidence and mortality rates were higher in men than those in women and higher in rural areas than those in urban areas.Middle-aged and elderly men in rural areas are the key groups of prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer,so targeted prevention and control measures should be carried out.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer.Methods:The prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. The clinical data of 90 patients undergoing total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer in Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January to December 2022 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group by the method of random number table. Patients underwent 3D or 2D laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer. Observation indicators: (1) grouping of enrolled patients; (2) intra-operative and postoperative situations; (3) feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. Com-parison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of count data between groups wsa conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data between groups was conducted using the nonparametric test. Results:(1) Group of enrolled patients. A total of 90 patients eligible for total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer were selected. There were 56 males and 34 females, aged (61±7)years. All 90 patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group, with 45 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of abdominal surgery, surgical method, tumor site and TNM staging between the two groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations. The operation time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (196±12)minutes and (204±14)minutes, respectively. The digestive tract reconstruction time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (81±8)minutes and (87±12)minutes, respectively. There were significant differences in operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time between the two groups ( t=-2.85, -2.43, P<0.05). After surgery, 3 cases of the 3D laparoscopic group experienced complications (1 case of abdominal infection, 2 cases of intestinal obstruction), and 8 cases of the 2D laparoscopic group experienced complications (2 cases of anastomotic leakage, 2 cases of abdominal infection, 4 cases of intestinal obstruction). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups ( χ2=2.59, P>0.05). (3) Feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. After surgery, the major surgeon completed a questionnaire survey. The score of image quality perception of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.73±0.08 and 4.46±0.09, respectively. The score of hand-eye coordination experience of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.60±0.09 and 4.55±0.08, respectively. The score of operation comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.81±0.05 and 4.62±0.08, respectively. The score of eye comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group 4.49±0.07 and 4.68±0.07, respectively. There were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=15.04, 2.57, 13.51, -12.88, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with 2D laparoscopy, 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer has shorter operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time, does not increase postoperative complications, and has better feelings of the major surgeon in image quality perception, hand-eye coordination experience and operation comfort.

Middle compartment defects,a common subtype of pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD),are primarily characterized by the prolapse of the uterus or vaginal vault.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool for PFD,offering superior soft tissue resolution while eliminating exposure to ionizing radiation.This review comprehensive summarizes current applications of MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of PFD,covering measurement methods,manifestations of three-level structural defects,postoperative efficacy evaluation,vaginal axial assessment,and evaluation of the mesh status.The authors suggest that MRI enables precise preoperative evaluation of three-level defects,thereby facilitating the development of personalized treatment plans.Additionally,MRI provides an accurate postoperative assessment of surgical outcomes and mesh status,offering a new basis for postoperative assessment.MRI demonstrates unique value in the diagnosis and treatment of middle compartment defects.

Objective To evaluate the perioperative safety and mid-term outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy(LSC)and laparoscopic pectopexy(LP)for pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 274 POP patients,including 178 who underwent LSC and 96 who underwent LP,between August 2017 and January 2023.The extent of prolapse and anatomical restoration were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification(POP-Q)system.Quality of life outcomes were evaluated with validated questionnaires,including Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-short form 20(PFDI-20),Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-short form 7(PFIQ-7),and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12(PISQ-12).Postoperative patient satisfaction was assessed during follow-ups.Postoperative anatomical restoration,perioperative status,and postoperative complications,recurrence,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify postoperative risk factors for recurrence.Results The operative time in the LSC group was significantly shorter than that in the LP group(P<0.05).Intraoperative blood loss was higher in the LSC group compared to that in the LP group(P<0.05).The LSC group also exhibited higher rates of de novo stress urinary incontinence and constipation(P<0.05).The mean follow-up duration was(35.91±16.90)months.The positions of the indicator points(Aa,Ba,C,Ap,and Bp)in the POP-Q classification after the operation were all better than those before the operation.The PFDI-20 score,PFIQ-7 score,and PISQ-12 score all improved compared to those before the operation(P<0.05).Comparison of preoperative and postoperative PFDI-20,PFIQ-7,and PISQ-12 scores showed no intergroup differences.Compared with the LP group,the LSC group had the lower preoperative POP-Q measurements at points Aa and Ba(P<0.05),but superior postoperative measurements for all the indicator points(Aa,Ba,C,Ap,and Bp)(P<0.05).Recurrence occurred in 28 cases in the LP group and 4 cases in the LSC group,with the LP group presenting a significantly higher anatomical recurrence rate than the LSC group did(31.46%[28/89]vs.2.41%[4/166],P<0.05).The subjective cure rate(100%)and objective cure rate(97.59%)in the LSC group were superior to those in the LP group(88.76%and 68.54%,respectively;P<0.05).The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,after adjusting for the confounding factors,including age,gravidity,parity,body mass index,and duration of POP,the risk of recurrence after LSC surgery was 0.044 times that after LP(odds ratio[OR],0.044;95%CI,0.015-0.133;P<0.001).Conclusion Mid-term outcomes of LP with partial cervical preservation appear inferior to those of LSC,with LSC demonstrating superior anatomical restoration and lower rates of anatomical recurrence.However,improvements in sexual function and quality of life are comparable between the two procedures.Further evaluation with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up is warranted to better characterize long-term outcomes.

Background and Aims:The completeness of lymph node dissection in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer directly affects postoperative patient prognosis.Indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence-guided navigation,as an emerging auxiliary technique,enables real-time visualization of lymphatic drainage pathways and enhances surgical precision.This study was performed to evaluate the impact of ICG fluorescence navigation on lymph node dissection,positive lymph node detection,and patient prognosis during laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 168 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,51 patients received ICG-guided surgery(ICG group),and 117 underwent conventional surgery(non-ICG group).Perioperative variables,extent of lymph node dissection,positive lymph node detection efficiency,and postoperative survival outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in baseline clinicopathologic characteristics,as well as operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery,and incidence of surgical complications(all P>0.05).The ICG group had a significantly higher mean number of lymph nodes dissected than the non-ICG group(48.62 vs.37.20,P<0.001),with a greater proportion of patients achieving≥30 nodes dissected(92.16％vs.69.23％,P=0.001).Stratified analysis showed a significantly higher number of dissected lymph nodes in the ICG group at D2 stations,the supra-pancreatic region(stations 7,8,9,11),in total gastrectomy,T3-4 stage,and stage Ⅲ patients(all P<0.01).In the ICG group,the number and positivity rate of fluorescent lymph nodes were significantly higher than those of non-fluorescent nodes(30.31 vs.17.36;2.03 vs.0.94,both P<0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity of ICG fluorescence imaging for positive lymph nodes was 68.4％,with a negative predictive value of 94.6％for non-fluorescent nodes.No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of adjuvant therapy,overall survival(HR=0.737,P=0.471),or disease-free survival(HR=0.502,P=0.089).Conclusion:ICG-guided navigation in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer is safe and significantly improves lymph node yield,particularly in the supra-pancreatic region,total gastrectomy,and advanced-stage patients.It also enhances positive node detection.However,no survival benefit has been observed in the short term.Further multicenter studies with long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm its clinical value and optimize intraoperative navigation strategies.