AIM:To analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in December 2022 on all students of a university in Shaanxi Province, and the questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, mobile phone addiction, high myopia, and lifestyle. Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.RESULTS:A total of 19 952 college students were included. The prevalence of high myopia was 7.31%. The rate of mobile phone addiction was 25.68%, and the mobile phone addiction score was 37.59±13.38. The incidence of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was higher than non-mobile phone addiction(P<0.001). After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle, the risk of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was 1.274 times(95%CI:1.131-1.434)higher than non-mobile phone addiction. For each point increase of total mobile phone addiction score, withdrawal symptoms score, salience score, social comfort score, and mood changes score, the risk of high myopia among college students increased by 0.9%(95%CI:1.005-1.013), 2.0%(95%CI:1.010-1.030), 2.6%(95%CI:1.010-1.043), 4.8%(95%CI:1.030-1.066), and 3.3%(95%CI:1.014-1.052), respectively.CONCLUSION:Mobile phone addiction is significantly associated with the increased risk of high myopia among college students, and early intervention of mobile phone use may reduce the risk of high myopia among college students.

With the development of neuroscience and oncology, the direct regulation effect of central nervous system circuits on tumors has been gradually revealed. Evidence indicates that the therapy targeting emotion-related encephalic regions may have great potential in blocking the promotion of breast cancer progression by depression. The underlying complex mechanisms involve the generation of depression and the regulation of tumors by central nervous system circuits. However, a systematic summary is lacking in this field. This article reviews the latest research progress of the central nervous system circuits and the generation of depression, the neural connection between the central nervous system and peripheral tumor, and the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by the sympathetic nervous system. It also systematically investigates the potential mechanism of the central nervous system circuit in the promotion of breast cancer progression by depression to establish new solutions for the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of modified Danggui Shaoyaosan on acne based on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） pathway. MethodsA rat ear acne model was established in SD rats， and the rats were divided into a blank group， a model group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of modified Danggui Shaoyaosan （7.15， 14.30， 28.60 g·kg·d^-1）， with six rats in each group. After the administration for 14 consecutive days， morphological changes in the rats' auricles were observed， and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to examine the pathological changes in the acne-affected ear tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the ear tissue. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of Caspase-3， B cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， JNK， and p38 MAPK in the ear tissue. Additionally， Western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein levels of Caspase-3， Bcl-2， Bax， JNK， and p38 MAPK in the ear tissue. The active components and key targets of modified Danggui Shaoyaosan in the treatment of acne were identified through network pharmacology analysis. Molecular docking was then employed to evaluate the interactions between the main active components and the key targets. ResultsThe results of the animal experiment demonstrated that compared with those in the blank group， rats in the model group exhibited redness， swelling， thickening， hardening， dryness， and roughness of the auricle. The surface showed sebaceous scales and desquamation， accompanied by acne-like lesions such as papule-like elevations or cysts. Histopathological changes included keratinization， epidermal thickening， dermal collagen fiber degeneration and necrosis， subcutaneous muscle degeneration and necrosis， inflammatory cell infiltration， and fibrous tissue proliferation. The mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， Caspase-3， Bax， JNK， and p38 MAPK were significantly increased （P<0.01）， while those of Bcl-2 were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. In comparison to the model group， the modified Danggui Shaoyaosan groups showed marked improvement in acne-like lesions of the auricle， with varying degrees of histopathological damage reduction. Additionally， the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， Caspase-3， Bax， JNK， and p38 MAPK in the tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while those of Bcl-2 were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the key compounds in modified Danggui Shaoyaosan responsible for its effects in treating acne may include acacetin， kaempferol， luteolin， quercetin， wogonin， and baicalein. These compounds exerted their effects by modulating core targets such as TNF， IL-1β， Caspase-3， and Bcl-2， thereby alleviating inflammation and apoptosis and ultimately improving acne symptoms. ConclusionModified Danggui Shaoyaosan may exert its therapeutic effects on acne by inhibiting the activation of the JNK/p38 MAPK pathway， thereby alleviating inflammation and apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore optimization pathways for the drug traceability code management model in outpatient pharmacy workflows， providing practical evidence for enhancing the efficiency of pharmaceutical service. METHODS Taking the outpatient pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as the research subject， a comprehensive drug traceability system was established through three key interventions： upgrading the information system architecture [including integration of the hospital information system （HIS） with the traceability platform]， workflow optimization （reorganizing the inventory-dispensing-verification tripartite process）， and designing a dual-mode traceability data collection mechanism （primary data capture at dispensing stations and supplementary capture at verification stations）. Operational efficiency differences before and after implementation were analyzed using the medical insurance data and service timeliness metrics in September 2024. RESULTS After the implementation of drug traceability code management， in terms of data collection: Mode Ⅰ （verification-stage capture） uploaded 26 144 records， while Mode Ⅲ （inventory-as-sales capture） uploaded 443 061 records， totaling 469 205 entries； in terms of time efficiency： average drug dispensing time increased from 28.74 s to 43.37 s （enhanced by 51%）. Through dynamic staffing adjustments， patient wait time only extended from 8.04 min to 8.67 min （enhanced by 8%）. CONCLUSIONS Drug traceability code management can be effectively implemented via a “system reconstruction-process reengineering-human-machine collaboration” trinity strategy， leveraging informatization （e.g.， dual-mode data capture） to offset manual operation delays， which validates the feasibility of balancing national traceability demands with service efficiency in outpatient pharmacies.

Recommendation formation is a key component of clinical practice guidelines for Chinese patent medicine （CPM）， and should encompass the determination of the strength and direction of the recommendation， the rationale for the recommendation， and the methodology for implementing the recommendation. Recommendations can be formed through formal consensus and informal consensus. The strength and direction of recommendations for CPM guidelines should be determined by considering the quality of evidence for CPMs， the priority of the clinical questions， the pros and cons of efficacy and adverse effects， patient acceptance， the feasibility of the recommendation and the availability of resources， social fairness， economic benefits， and other influencing factors. In order to better guide guideline developers to consider these factors more rationally， this article provideed a detailed explanation of each factor in the context of the characteristics of TCM.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of the dynamic changes of serum total bilirubin （ΔTBil） and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） with the short-term prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure （HBV-ACLF）， to establish a new scoring model， and to investigate the value of this model in evaluating the short-term prognosis of HBV-ACLF through comparison with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD） score and other scoring systems. MethodsThe patients with HBV-ACLF who were hospitalized and treated in Department of Gastroenterology， The General Hospital of Western Theater Command， from January 2015 to December 2022 were enrolled as the retrospective study cohort. Clinical data within 24 hours after admission were collected from all patients， and the patients were divided into survival group and death group according to the survival after 90 days of follow-up. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups； the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between groups； the chi-square test or the corrected chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for the prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients and establish a predictive model for prognosis， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to investigate the value of the new model in predicting the short-term prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients. ResultsA total of 361 patients were included in the analysis， with a 90-day survival rate of 67.3% （243/361）. Compared with the survival group （n=243）， the death group （n=118） had significantly higher age， incidence rates of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy， international normalized ratio， prothrombin time （PT）， leukocytes， monocytes， neutrophils， creatinine， ΔTBil， MELD score， and ALBI score （all P<0.05）， as well as significantly lower levels of total cholesterol， high-density lipoprotein， low-density lipoprotein， albumin， AFP， platelet count， lymphocytes， and Na⁺ （all P<0.05）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that AFP， PT， Na⁺， and ΔTBil were independent influencing factors for the 90-day prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF （all P<0.05）. The new ΔTBil-AFP scoring model was established as 11.987+1.168×ΔTBil （%）－0.095×Na⁺ （mmol/L）+0.25×PT （s）－0.002×AFP （ng/mL）， which had a relatively high predictive value， with an area under the ROC curve of 0.796， a sensitivity of 0.766， and a specificity of 0.723， and the decision curve showed good benefits. ConclusionCompared with the commonly used prediction models such as MELD score and ALBI score， the ΔTBil-AFP scoring model has a better prediction performance.

ObjectivesTo analyze the spatial and temporal clustering characteristics and related influencing factors of late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in Lanzhou， to identify its high-risk areas and time trends in Lanzhou， and to provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted HIV/AIDS prevention and control strategies in Lanzhou. MethodsThe subjects of this study were adult HIV/AIDS cases reported in Lanzhou City between 2011 and 2018. Data used in the study were sourced from the Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Lanzhou Statistical Yearbook. To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the relative risk （RR） of late HIV/AIDS diagnosis， Bayes spatial-temporal model was used. ResultsA total of 1984 new HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Lanzhou from 2011 to 2018， with an mean age of 37.51 years and predominantly male （91.8%）. The number of late diagnosis cases was 982， with an mean age of 39.67 years and a predominance of males （91.8%）. Late diagnosis was more common in older individuals and women with HIV/AIDS. Chengguan District （51.1%）， Anning District （50.3%） and Yuzhong County （51.9%） had an above-average proportion of late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. The proportion of late diagnosis cases in Lanzhou showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2011 to 2018. The results of Bayes spatial-temporal model showed that the risk of late HIV/AIDS diagnosis in Lanzhou had fluctuated from 2011 to 2015， and then increased rapidly after 2015 ［RR （95% credibility interval， 95%CI） increased from 1.01 （0.84， 1.23） to 1.11 （0.77， 1.97）］； the trends of risk of late diagnosis in Honggu district and three counties were similar to the overall trend in Lanzhou city， while the risk of late diagnosis in Chengguan District and Qilihe District showed a decreasing trend. The regions with the RR for late diagnosis greater than 1 included Yongdeng County （RR=1.07， 95% CI： 0.55， 1.96）， Xigu District （RR=1.04， 95% CI： 0.67， 1.49）， Chengguan District （RR=2.41， 95% CI： 0.85， 6.16）， and Qilihe District （RR=2.03， 95% CI： 1.10， 3.27）. Besides， the heatmap analysis showed that Chengguan District and Qilihe District were the hot spots. The influencing factors analysis showed that the higher GDP per capita （RR=0.65， 95% CI： 0.35， 0.90） and the larger proportion of males with HIV/AIDS cases （RR=0.53， 95% CI： 0.19， 0.92） could lead to the lower the relative risk of late HIV/AIDS diagnosis. However， the higher the population density （RR=1.35， 95% CI： 1.01， 1.81） caused the higher the risk of late diagnosis. ConclusionOur study shows the risk of late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in Lanzhou was on the rise， and there are significant regional differences. GDP per capita， the proportion of males in HIV/AIDS cases and population density are influencing factors in the late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. Therefore， for regions with a high risk of late diagnosis or related risk factors， targeted HIV screening and prevention services should be given priority in order to reduce the proportion and risk of late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang data were searched by computer to identify relevant studies on anti PD-1 /PD-L1 combined with chemotherapy for resectable NSCLC from inception to March 2023. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. The single-arm study was evaluated for quality using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS). Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.4 software. Results Twenty-six studies with 965 patients were included in this meta-analysis. MINORS scores of single-arm studies were ≥12 points. The meta-analysis results showed that the pooled pathologic complete response, major pathologic response, and objective response rates as well as partial response, surgical rate and R0 surgical resection rate of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy were 39% [RD=0.39, 95%CI (0.31, 0.47) ], 59% [RD=0.59, 95%CI (0.53, 0.65) ], 72% [RD=0.72, 95%CI (0.65, 0.80) ], 62% [RD=0.62, 95%CI (0.56, 0.69) ], 86% [RD=0.86, 95%CI (0.81, 0.92) ], and 94% [RD=0.94, 95%CI (0.92, 0.97) ], respectively. In terms of safety, the rate of adverse events (AEs) was 65% [RD=0.65, 95%CI (0.52, 0.78) ], and the rate of grade 3 to 5 AEs was 16% [RD=0.16, 95%CI (0.10, 0.23) ]. Conclusion The combination of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with chemotherapy has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with resectable NSCLC.

【Objective】 To statistically analyze the relationship between homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD) score and clinicopathological characteristics, genomic mutations in patients with high-risk and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and the prognostic predictive value in mHSPC. 【Methods】 A total of 127 patients diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer and mHSPC, treated at the Department of Urology of Chinese PLA General Hospital during Dec.2021 and Nov.2023 were enrolled.Homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene sequencing was performed, and the genomic scar score (GSS) algorithm were conducted to calculate the HRD score.The relationship between HRD scores and clinicopathological features, genomic alterations, and prognosis were analyzed. 【Results】 The median HRD score was 1.6(0.8, 5.2), 30(23.6%) patients’ HRD scores ≥10, and 11(8.7%) patients’ HRD scores ≥20.Clinicopathological features, including ISUP classification ≥4 (P=0.044) and metastatic status (P=0.008) were associated with high HRD score.Patients with mutations in the BRCA, TP53 and MYC systems had significantly higher HRD score than those with wild-type genes (P<0.05).In mHSPC, the risk of biochemical recurrence was 12.836 times higher in patients with HRD score ≥20 than in those with <20 [OR:12.836 (1.332-124.623), P=0.028]. 【Conclusion】 Baseline HRD score was lower in patients with high-risk prostate cancer and mHSPC.Patients with high HRD score may have higher histological grading (ISUP≥4) and later clinical stage.Further investigation is needed to determine the threshold of HRD scores as biochemical markers suggestive of a poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND:Due to the very limited ability of articular cartilage to repair itself,articular cartilage defects caused by natural degeneration or trauma often cannot be repaired on their own,which triggers or aggravates osteoarthritis and even leads to severe disability.Therefore,the repair treatment after articular cartilage injury has become an urgent clinical problem. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the hot research topics and development trends in the field of articular cartilage repair using bibliometric analysis. METHODS:Literature related to articular cartilage repair was searched from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2023,and bibliometric and visualization analyses were carried out using VOSviewer,Citespeace and Bibliometrix R-package. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The annual publication volume in the field of articular cartilage repair shows an overall increasing trend,with the United States,China,and Germany being the top three countries in terms of publication volume,and the research institutions focus on universities and hospitals,with Harvard University,New York Hospital for Special Surgery,and Shanghai Jiao Tong University being the top three institutions in terms of publication volume.AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE is the journal that publishes the most research literature in the field,and BIOMATERIALS is the journal with the highest number of citations in the field."Injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering"is the most cited document published in the last decade,and the author with the most publications is Madry Henning,an active author in the field.The active authors in this field have formed a number of stable research teams with each other,and the cooperation between different teams needs to be further strengthened.Intra-articular injections,high tibial osteotomies,hydrogels,drug delivery,inflammation,cartilage regeneration,and scaffolds are the current hot topics of research in this field,and the application of 3D printing technology,bio-inks,silk proteins,injectable hydrogels,and exosomes in articular cartilage repair may be the frontier of research in this field.Integrating various innovative technologies and methods for more effective,durable and functional cartilage tissue regeneration and repair,and facilitating the clinical translation of the relevant technologies and methods by conducting more high-quality clinical studies may be the future research trend in this field.