Objective To investigate the herpes zoster vaccination willingness in middle-aged population in Zibo City, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among population aged 40-59 years in 24 streets of 8 districts and counties in Zibo City using stratified sampling method, and the willingness to vaccinate herpes zoster vaccine was statistically analyzed. The influencing factors of herpes zoster vaccination willingness in middle-aged population in Zibo City were analyzed. Results Among the 692 survey subjects, 654 cases (94.51%) were not vaccinated with herpes zoster vaccine, among which 170 cases (25.99%) were willing to be vaccinated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, education level, knowledge of herpes zoster, presence or absence of people with herpes zoster around them, knowledge of symptoms and sequelae of herpes zoster, knowledge of herpes zoster vaccine, knowledge of preventive effect of herpes zoster vaccine on herpes zoster, possible adverse reactions after vaccination, and acceptable effective rate of vaccine were the influencing factors of herpes zoster vaccination willingness in middle-aged population in Zibo City (P<0.05). Conclusion The willingness of herpes zoster vaccination is low in middle-aged population in Zibo City, and its influencing factors include gender, age, education level, herpes zoster cognition and vaccine cognition. It is necessary to strengthen the education of herpes zoster and vaccine among middle-aged population in Zibo City, and formulate promotion strategies based on individualized needs to enhance the vaccination willingness of people.

Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for cirrhosis, end-stage liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and is also the only effective curative method. Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main adverse reactions of liver transplantation. During the operation, ischemia mediates the occurrence of liver IRI, promoting the cascade activation of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory signals in Kupffer cells. With continued hepatocellular death during ischemia, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) accumulate and are released into systemic circulation, triggering a cytokine and chemokine storm, resulting in poor prognosis, postoperative liver failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). In liver transplantation-related IRI, PANoptosis—including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy—participates in the process, but a comprehensive review is lacking. This article systematically elaborates on the roles of different types of cell death in liver IRI and the crosstalk among these pathways. It also discusses the protective effects of inhibiting different forms of cell death, aiming to provide direction for future basic research and offer new ideas and strategies for the clinical treatment of liver IRI.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with different primary sites using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.Methods:Clinical data of 7167 patients with early-stage FL (stage I-II) from the SEER database between 2000 and 2015 were respectively analyzed. Primary sites were divided into intranodal and extranodal types. Intranodal primary sites included supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes (LN), subphrenic lymph nodes and Waldeyer's ring. Extranodal primary sites consisted of skin, gastrointestinal tract, duodenum, head and neck, other sites. Prognostic factors and overall survival (OS) in patients with different primary sites were analyzed. OS rate was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and survival difference between primary sites was compared with log-rank test. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) and multi-variable analysis were applied to adjust for confounding factors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis of influencing factors of OS was performed.Results:The median age was 63 years old, with the median follow-up time of 63 months. There was no difference in prognosis among the intranodal groups or between the intranodal and extranodal groups. The 10-year OS rates of the supradiaphragmatic lymph LN ( n=2146), subdiaphragmatic LN ( n=2811), and the Waldeyer's ring ( n=151) groups were 70.7%, 69.9% and 73.4%, respectively ( P=0.422 for infradiaphragmatic LN vs. supradiaphragmatic LN, P=1.000 for Waldeyer's ring vs. supradiaphragmatic LN), and 70.3% and 68.9% for intranodal ( n=5108) and extranodal ( n=2059), respectively. There was no significant difference in OS between the groups ( P=0.581) after IPTW adjustment. The most common primary sites in extranodal disease were skin, gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, and duodenum. The 10-year OS for skin, gastrointestinal tract, and cutaneous was 74.2%, 74.7%, and 87.3%, respectively, significantly higher than 55.6% for other sites (duodenum vs. others sites, gastrointestinal vs. others sites, skin vs. others sites: all P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that difference in OS was not significant among the intranodal groups or between the intranodal and extranodal groups. However, different extranodal primary site was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Conclusions:Early FL patients with supradiaphragmatic LN, subdiaphragmatic LN and Waldeyer's ring, and between the intranodal and extranodal primary sites obtain similar prognosis. However, early-stage FL patients with different extranodal primary sites have prognostic differences. The prognosis of primary skin, gastrointestinal tract and duodenum is significantly better than that of other extranodal primary sites.

Objective:To summarize the surgical management strategy for pediatric pancreatic tumors.Methods:Clinical data of 17 children with pancreatic tumors who underwent surgical treatment in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2018 to April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 6 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 1 month to 13 years, with a median age of 10 years and 2 months. The data of tumor length and diameter, tumor location, surgical method and postope-rative pathology were analyzed. The prognostic data of all children were followed up by regular telephone and outpatient follow-up.Results:In 17 cases, the tumor diameter was (7.3±2.2) cm, 10 cases were located in the head of the pancreas, 7 cases were located in the tail of the pancreatic body, 1 case was accompanied by liver metastasis, and 1 case was accompanied by left adrenal invasion. Among these cases, 10 cases had pancreatic head tumor, 6 cases had simple pancreatic tumor resection, 1 case had laparoscopic pancreatic tumor resection, and 3 cases had pancreatic head resection plus pancreato-jejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Among the 7 cases of pancreatic body and tail tumors, 3 cases underwent pancreatic body and tail resection, 1 case underwent laparoscopic pancreatic body and tail resection, 1 case underwent tumor resection, 1 case underwent pancreatic body and tail resection plus splenectomy plus hepatic metastasis resection, 1 case underwent pancreatic body and tail resection plus left adrenal resection plus splenectomy. Postoperative pathology showed that there were 13 cases of solid pseudopapilloma, 3 cases of pancreatic blastoma, and 1 case of pancreatic cyst. The median follow-up time was 36 months (2-71 months). All patients survived well.Conclusion:Solid pseudopapillary of the pancreas is the most common type of pancreatic tumor in children, with surgical resection being the first choice of of treatment, offering a favorable prognosis postope-ratively.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for patients with hypertriglyceridemia-related acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) developing into severe acute pancreatitis or experiencing organ failure.Methods:This retrospective cohort study collected clinical data from 2 429 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis from five hospitals in China between January 2019 and December 2023 using a pre-designed data collection form. The cohort included 1 516 males and 913 females,with an age of (50.2±16.5)years(range: 11 to 99 years). Among them,353 patients (16.1%) had HTG-AP,while 1 846 (83.9%) had non-HTG-AP. HTG-AP was defined as serum triglyceride levels>500 mg/dl with other etiologies excluded. Intergroup comparisons were performed using t-tests,Mann-Whitney U test or χ2 tests,respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess risk factors for severe acute pancreatitis after adjusting for potential confounders,and a predictive model was developed and validated. Results:Compared with other etiologies,HTG-AP patients had a higher risk of progressing to SAP ( OR=1.415,95% CI: 0.866 to 2.312, P=0.017) and organ failure ( OR=1.256,95% CI: 1.015 to 1.554, P=0.036). Among HTG-AP patients,risk factors for SAP included body mass index ( OR=1.856,95% CI: 1.742 to 1.987, P=0.033),fasting blood glucose ( OR=1.128,95% CI: 1.036 to 1.229, P=0.006),white blood cell count( OR=1.162,95% CI: 1.055 to 1.281, P=0.002),and the presence of pleural effusion ( OR=13.151,95% CI: 4.330 to 19.946, P<0.01). A nomogram prediction model for SAP in HTG-AP was constructed based on these risk factors,demonstrating good discriminative ability with area under the curve values of 0.877 in the training set and 0.894 in the validation set,along with satisfactory calibration. Conclusions:HTG-AP patients are at higher risk of developing SAP and organ failure. The risk prediction model incorporating body mass index,fasting blood glucose,white blood cell count,and pleural effusion shows good predictive value for SAP.

Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for cirrhosis, end-stage liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and is also the only effective curative method. Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main adverse reactions of liver transplantation. During the operation, ischemia mediates the occurrence of liver IRI, promoting the cascade activation of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory signals in Kupffer cells. With continued hepatocellular death during ischemia, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) accumulate and are released into systemic circulation, triggering a cytokine and chemokine storm, resulting in poor prognosis, postoperative liver failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). In liver transplantation-related IRI, PANoptosis—including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy—participates in the process, but a comprehensive review is lacking. This article systematically elaborates on the roles of different types of cell death in liver IRI and the crosstalk among these pathways. It also discusses the protective effects of inhibiting different forms of cell death, aiming to provide direction for future basic research and offer new ideas and strategies for the clinical treatment of liver IRI.

Alzheimer's disease(AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, is the most prevalent form of dementia.As the aging population continues to expand, AD presents significant health and caregiving challenges for families and society, making it a pressing international public health concern.In recent years, numerous countries have implemented dementia prevention and treatment strategies that emphasize community-based comprehensive approaches.Currently, the community-based AD prevention and treatment model in China is still in the exploratory phase, with community efforts lacking organization.In alignment with China's action plan for advancing dementia prevention and treatment, and to achieve the strategic objective of "healthy aging, " this consensus is based on the principle of three-level prevention and is tailored to the characteristics of AD disease progression.It aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for AD that is suitable for communities in China, providing technical guidance and support to establish a scientific basis for formulating community AD prevention and treatment models.

Objective:To analyze the target signaling pathway of histone H3K27 methylation-induced podocyte injury, verify the regulatory effect of histone H3K27 methylation on podocyte injury in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) mice through target signaling pathway, and explore the mechanism of abnormal methylation of histone H3K27-induced podocyte injury in FSGS mice.Methods:(1) Cell experiments: primary cultured immortalized mouse podocytes MPC5 were cultured in vitro, and divided into control group, adriamycin (ADR) group, ADR+GSK-J4 (histone demethylase, KDM6B inhibitor) group, ADR+coumarin A1 (C-A1, JAK2 agonist) group and ADR+GSK-J4+C-A1 group. The transmission electron microscope was used to observe ultrastructure of podocytes. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the protein expression of H3K27me3 and nephrin in podocytes. The whole genome sequence of podocytes was obtained, the differentially expressed genes were screened, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used for enrichment analysis. Real time-quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the gene and protein expression of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in podocytes respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). (2) Animal experiments: EZH2 gene knock out ( EZH2podKo)-FSGS (tail vein injection of ADR) mouse models were established, and divided into EZH2ctrl+control group ( n=20), EZH2ctrl+FSGS ( n=20), EZH2podKo+control group ( n=30) and EZH2podKo+FSGS group ( n=30). HE staining was used to observe the morphology of kidney tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the H3K27me3 protein expression in podocytes. Real time-quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the gene and protein expression of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect IL-6, MCP-1, α-SMA and TGF-β1 of kidney tissues. Results:(1) Cell experiments: Compared with control group, the nucleus shrank and ruptured, the cytoplasm showed vacuole, and mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum swelled in ADR group, which verified that the podocyte injury model of ADR nephropathy was successfully established. Compared with control group, the protein expression level of H3K27me3 in ADR group was significantly lower ( P<0.05). Compared with ADR group, the protein expression level of H3K27me3 in podocytes in ADR+GSK-J4 group was significantly higher ( P<0.05), and there were 502 increased genes and 443 decreased genes. GO enrichment analysis showed that the differentially enriched peaks were mainly in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, ribosome biogenesis, establishment of protein localization to organelle, and involved in regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT and receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT. Differential expressed genes were Irf1, Tnfrsf1a, S ocs1, Notch1, Gadd45a, Hes1 and Socs3, involving in the regulation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differentially enriched peaks were mainly in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the target genes were Mcl1, Egfr, Socs1, Cdkn1a, Pdgfa and Socs3, involving in the regulation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Compared with ADR group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in the ADR+GSK-J4 group were significantly lower, and the downstream inflammatory factors of IL-6, MCP-1 and α-SMA were significantly higher (all P<0.05). Compared with ADR group, the protein expression level of nephrin in ADR+GSK-J4 group was higher ( P<0.05), and the protein expression level of nephrin in ADR+C-A1 group was lower ( P<0.05). Compared with ADR+GSK-J4 group, the protein expression level of nephrin in ADR+GSK-J4+C-A1 group was lower ( P<0.05). (2) Animal experiments: Compared with EZH2ctrl+FSGS group, EZH2podKo+FSGS group showed obvious renal tissue damage, matrix hyperplasia in mesangial area with massive homogeneous substance deposition, apoptosis and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, obvious thickening and extensive fusion of glomerular epithelial cells, basement membrane collapse, and compression and narrowing of capillary structure. Compared with EZH2ctrl+FSGS group, the protein expression level of H3K27me3 in EZH2podKo+FSGS group was significantly lower, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3, and the levels of IL-6, MCP-1, α-SMA and TGF-β1 were higher (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormal methylation modification of H3K27 leads to change of target gene expression, activation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, podocyte injury, glomerulosclerosis and renal tubular injury, participating in the development of FSGS.

Meat food is an important part of people's dietary supplements,but in recent years,meat adulteration cases are hidden and frequent,which seriously affects people's health and destroys the fairness of the market.Based on this,this paper analyses the development trend of meat adulteration and the current meat adulteration detection technology is summarized,combed in detail the use of the most widely used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology application of the status quo and challenges to help real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology testing in meat adulteration evidence testing to the direction of more high detection efficiency and higher accuracy development.

Objective To observe the value of conventional ultrasound(US)and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for diagnosing partially cystic papillary thyroid carcinomas(PCPTC).Methods Thirty patients with PCPTC(32 nodules)and 50 patients with benign partially cystic thyroid nodules(PCTN)(52 nodules)were retrospectively enrolled.US and CEUS manifestations were compared between groups,and the efficacy of US and US combined with CEUS for diagnosing PCPTC were analyzed.Results Significant differences of margin,solid part echo,liquid part location,microcalcification and blood flow distribution of the nodules showed with US,as well as enhancement phase,enhancement intensity,enhancement uniformity,peripheral high-enhancement ring and regression mode of lesions shown on CEUS were found between groups(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of US combined with CEUS for diagnosing PCPTC was 0.942,significantly higher than that of US alone(0.750,P＜0.001).Conclusion US had certain value for diagnosing PCPTC.Combining with CEUS could effectively improve diagnostic efficacy of US for PCPTC.