Objective:To investigate the related factors of pleasure loss in patients with human immunodefi-ciency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS).Methods:Totally 237 patients with HIV/AIDS from a certain infectious disease hospital were selected and surveyed with a self-designed general information ques-tionnaire,the Temporal Pleasure Experience Scale(TEPS),Self Acceptance Scale(SAQ),Discrimination Percep-tion Scale(SIS),and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Results:The patient's TEPS score was(73.4±16.1).Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the PSSS total scores,education level,and personal monthly income were positively correlated with the TEPS total scores(β=0.41,5.17,4.63),and age was negatively corre-lated with the TEPS total scores(β=-0.30).Conclusion:It suggests that more attention should be paid to the lack of pleasure in patients with HIV/AIDS,and the lack of pleasure is related to personal monthly income,educa-tion level,age and perceived social support.

Objective:To assess the utility of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in predicting Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and to establish a quantitative relationship between resistant gene mutations and resistance levels. Methods:A total of 296 drug-resistant tuberculosis surveillance strains with various resistance profiles, preserved by the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory of the Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Center at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention between 2013 and 2020, were included as study subjects. The Sensititre? MYCOTBI microplate method and WGS were used to assess the phenotypic and genotypic drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Sensitivity, specificity, and concordance (Kappa value) of WGS in predicting fluoroquinolone sensitivity were calculated using phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) results as the gold standard. A summary analysis was conducted on the distribution of drug resistance mutation sites and resistance levels. The paired χ 2 test was used to compare the detection rates between the two methods, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results:Among the 296 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with different resistance profiles, 196 were rifampicin-resistant, 50 were resistant to other drugs, and 50 were fully sensitive. WGS identified 81 strains carrying FQs resistance-related mutations, primarily at gyrA codons 94, 90, and 91. Sensitivity, specificity, and consistency (Kappa value) of WGS in predicting ofloxacin resistance were 86.5%, 98.1%, and 0.87, respectively. For moxifloxacin resistance prediction, these values were 80.0%, 99.5%, and 0.83, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the phenotypic DST and WGS detection rates for ofloxacin resistance (30.1% vs 27.4%, χ 2=3.06, P=0.08). However, the phenotypic DST detection rate for moxifloxacin resistance (33.8%, 100/296) was significantly higher than that of WGS (27.4%, 81/296) (χ 2=15.43, P<0.01). Analysis of the distribution of resistance mutation sites and resistance levels showed that different mutation sites corresponded to different minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Multiple mutation combinations, including gyrA_D94G, gyrA_D94Y, and gyrA_D94N were mainly associated with high-level resistance, while gyrA_D94A, gyrA_A90V, and gyrA_S91P were primarily linked to low-level resistance. Conclusion:WGS demonstrates favorable sensitivity, specificity, and consistency in predicting FQs resistance and can partially predict resistance levels.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in a real-world setting.Methods:This was a real-world ambispective cohort study (MOMENT study) (Chinese clinical trial registry number: ChiCTR2200062067). Clinical data were collected from 198 patients who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy or combination therapy at 37 hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, including 166 patients in the retrospective cohort and 32 patients in the prospective cohort; 10 patients in the treatment-na?ve group and 188 patients in the relapsed/refractory group. Clinical characteristics, efficacy and adverse events were summarized, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.Results:All 198 patients were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection for a median of 3 cycles (range 1-7 cycles); 28 cases were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy, and 170 cases were treated with the combination regimen. Among 188 relapsed/refractory patients, 45 cases (23.9%) were in complete remission (CR), 82 cases (43.6%) were in partial remission (PR), and 28 cases (14.9%) were in disease stabilization (SD), and 33 cases (17.6%) were in disease progression (PD), with an objective remission rate (ORR) of 67.6% (127/188). Among 10 treatment-na?ve patients, 4 cases (40.0%) were in CR, 5 cases (50.0%) were in PR, and 1 case (10.0%) was in PD, with an ORR of 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 2.9 months (95% CI 2.4-3.7 months), and the median PFS and OS of patients in relapsed/refractory and treatment-na?ve groups were not reached. In relapsed/refractory patients, the difference in ORR between patients with different number of treatment lines of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection [ORR of the second-line, the third-line and ≥the forth-line treatment was 74.4% (67/90), 73.9% (34/46) and 50.0% (26/52)] was statistically significant ( P = 0.008). Of the 198 PTCL patients, 182 cases (91.9%) experienced at least 1 time of treatment-related adverse events, and the incidence rate of ≥grade 3 adverse events was 66.7% (132/198), which was mainly characterized by hematologic adverse events. The ≥ grade 3 hematologic adverse events mainly included decreased lymphocyte count, decreased neutrophil count, decreased white blood cell count, and anemia; non-hematologic adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, mainly including pigmentation disorders and upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusions:The use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection-containing regimen in the treatment of PTCL has definite efficacy and is well tolerated, and it is a new therapeutic option for PTCL patients.

β-thalassemia is a single-gene genetic disease caused by β globin gene mutations leading to the fact that red blood cells are unable to form normal adult hemoglobin, and then patients develop hemolytic anemia. Current treatment regimens mainly include allogenetic hematologic stem cell transplantation, symptomatic regular blood transfusions and the use of iron removers to reduce iron load. Some severe patients have quite poor prognoses and deadly consequences if not treated timely. Genetically modified autohematopoietic stem cells can provide a new treatment option for patients with β thalassemia, which may achieve a long-term and stable increase in hemoglobin level through a single dose, making one-time cure β-thalassemia possible. This paper reviews the key elements of clinical trial design for β-thalassemia gene therapy from the aspects of efficacy evaluation endpoints, clinical trial design, enrollment population, and subject monitoring in order to provide a reference for pharma-therapeutic research and development enterprises.

Organic chemistry is an important foundation course for medicine, chemistry and other majors in universities and colleges. In this study, combined with the characteristics of pharmacy students in local colleges and universities, teachers introduced case teaching, enhanced curriculum connotation, and explored the integration of green chemistry concepts into the teaching process of organic chemistry, so as to cultivate pharmaceutical professionals with environmental protection concept and safety awareness. The practice shows that this teaching model not only improves students' attention to organic chemistry and learning efficiency, but also improves students' comprehensive quality.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of lactoferrin(Lf) on lung injury in mice exposed to irradiation.Methods:C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into control group, 15 Gy irradiation group (IR group) and lactoferrin combined 15 Gy irradiation group (Lf+ IR group), with 5 mice in each group. The mice in the Lf+ 15 Gy group drank lactoferrin solution (10 mg/ml) from 3 days before irradiation and contained the whole experiments. Then, single chest 15 Gyirradiation was performed both in the IR and Lf+ IR groups. The body weight and other characteristics were monitored during the experiment. The mice were killed at day 14 after irradiation. The lung histopathology was observed by HE staining. Serum inflammatory cytokine such as HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was determined by ELISA method . The expression of inflammatory related protein in lung tissue including HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB were performed by immune histochemistry and Western blot method.Results:Compared with the control group, lung weight was significantly increased ( t=3.20, P<0.05), pulmonary hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the IR group. Exposure also significantly increased serum level of TNF-α[(291.80±5.49) vs.(332.25±22.18)pg/ml]( t=3.07, P<0.05), up-regulated the expression of inflammatory related protein in lung tissue ( t=4.04, 4.78, 3.77, 6.14, P<0.05). Lactoferrin intervention (Lf+ IR group) significantly decreased lung weight ( t=2.18, P<0.05), alleviated histopathologic changes, decrease serum levels of HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-1β ( t=4.67, 2.97, 3.49, P<0.05). On the other hand, lactoferrin intervention decreased the positive cell number of HMGB1 and NF-κB, and down-regulated the protein expression of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB in lung tissues, with significant difference with the IR group ( t=8.06, 9.80, 3.07, 5.56, P<0.05). Conclusions:Lactoferrin plays the protective effect of radiation-induced lung injury through the downregulation of inflammatory response, such as HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effects of levetiracetam on bone metabolism and thyroid hormone levels in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 20 children with epilepsy first diagnosed in our hospital from July 2016 to June 2017 were selected as the treatment group, the other 20 children who received physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group.The treatment group was given oral LEV monotherapy for 12 months.The changes of bone metabolism indexes[blood calcium, blood phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activities, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, 25-(OH)D], bone mineral density(BMD)and serum thyroid hormone(triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone) in the control group and the treatment group were detected before, 6 and 12 months after medication.Results:(1)There were no statistically significant differences in bone metabolism indexes and BMD between the control group and the treatment group before medication( P>0.05). The differences showed no statistically significant in bone metabolism indexes and BMD among different time points of treatment group( P>0.05). (2)There were no significant differences in thyroid hormone levels between the control group and the treatment group before medication( P>0.05). There were no significant differences in thyroid hormone levels among different time points of treatment group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Levetiracetam has no significant effects on bone metabolism and thyroid hormone level in epileptic children.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), and to provide evidence for its further prevention and control.Methods:The epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, pulmonary CT changes, treatment plan (hormone intervention or not), and negative conversion time of nucleic acid were summarized and analyzed in 43 COVID-19 patients.Results:All the 43 patients had clear contact history, among which the number of patients transmitted from conference microphone was the largest (13 cases). There were 2 cases of critical disease, 4 cases of severe disease and 37 cases of common type. The main symptoms were fever (30 cases, 69.8%) and cough (40 cases, 72.1%). Lung CT mainly showed single or multiple ground glass shadows (40 cases), which were all absorbed by the treated lesions, among which 28 cases had a transient aggravation of the lesions during the treatment. All the 43 cases were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, 2 cases in critical condition were treated with non-invasive ventilator, and 19 cases were treated with low-dose hormone. The average nucleic acid negative conversion time was 13.28 days, and the use of hormones had no significant effect on the negative conversion time ( P>0.05). Conclusions:COVID-19 of common type is the commonest. Early respiratory support therapy is recommended for critical cases. Hormone intervention makes no obvious influence on the negative conversion time of nucleic acid. Close contact in a closed environment greatly increases the risk of transmission.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of depression on serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP)and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and prognosis in liver cancer patients. Methods A total of 251 patients with liver cancer undergoing hepatectomy were enrolled. The hospital anxiety and depression scale( HADS-D) and 9-item patients health questionnaire(PHQ9) were assessed for depression before 3 days for surgery. Patients were divided into depression group(n=95)and non-depression group(n=156) according to the scores. Preoperative serum levels of CRP,hs-CRP,ALT and AST were measured and compared between the depression and non-depression groups. Survival analysis Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the disease-free survival(DFS)and total survival(OS)between the two groups. Results The serum levels of CRP, hs-CRP,ALT and AST in the depression group were significantly higher than those in the non-depression group(P<0. 05). The follow-up of 3. 5-year showed that 164 patients(65 in depression group and 99 in non-depression group)had recurrence or metas-tasis and 47 patients(22 in depression group and 25 in non-depression group) died. The DFS and OS in the depression group were significantly lower than those in the non-depression group(P< 0. 05). Cox multiple regression analysis showed that liver function grading,BCLC staging and depression were independent risk factors for the prognosis of liver cancer. Spearman correlation analysis showed that patients′degree of depression was positively correlated with serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP(P<0. 05),DFS and OS were negatively correlated with serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP(P<0. 05). Conclusion Depression may mediate elevated serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP,maintain inflammatory response in patients,lead to increased liver function damage,elevate levels of ALT and AST,and thus adversely affect the prognosis of patients with liver cancer.

过继细胞疗法（ACT）的飞速发展使其成为肿瘤治疗手段中的一项新热点，其中嵌合抗原受体修饰的T细胞（CAR-T 细胞）在治疗恶性血液肿瘤中取得的成果更是令人振奋，同时也为实体瘤的治疗提供了新策略。但是，目前CAR-T细胞免疫疗法 在肿瘤治疗过程中的局限性也日渐显露。本文旨在针对CAR-T细胞在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展及治疗中的挑战予以简要探讨。