Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell （hUC-MSC） as a cell-based therapeutic strategy have demonstrated significant application potential in the field of intervention for neurodegenerative disease （NDD） due to their advantages such as self-renewal， multi-directional differentiation， and low immunogenicity. hUC-MSC effectively intervenes in the pathological features and neurological functions of various disease models such as Alzheimer disease， Parkinson’s disease， amyotrophic lateral sclerosis， and multiple sclerosis primarily through multiple mechanisms such as homing and differentiation， mediating paracrine actions and releasing exosomes， as well as immune regulation and anti-inflammation. Some clinical studies have also preliminarily verified their safety and effectiveness. Currently， its research still faces challenges such as immune rejection reactions requiring further observation， long-term safety needing evaluation， mechanisms of action not being fully elucidated， and slow progress in clinical trials. Future research needs to establish pharmaceutical standards for hUC-MSC， deepen their pharmacological mechanisms and clinical trials， ultimately providing new and effective drug treatment options for patients with NDD.

Objective To analyze the unexamined items and situations in occupational health examinations of radiation workers, and provide a reference for the revision of occupational health examination standards for radiation workers. Methods A total of 29 630 radiation workers who underwent occupational health examinations at The Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province in 2023 were selected, and the non-examination rates were statistically analyzed according to occupation, gender, and age. Results The overall non-examination rate of non-medical radiation workers was significantly lower than that of the medical radiation workers (P<0.05). The non-examination rate of chest X-rays among medical radiation workers was significantly higher than that of non-medical radiation workers (P<0.05), while no significant differences were found in other items (P>0.05). Gender-stratified analysis showed that the non-examination rate of routine urine tests was higher in females than in males in both medical and non-medical radiation workers (P<0.05). Age-stratified analysis revealed no significant differences in non-examination rates among different age groups in non-medical radiation workers (P>0.05), whereas the chest X-ray non-examination rate was relatively high in medical radiation workers under 30 years old (P<0.05). Conclusion Significant differences were observed in the non-examination rates of occupational health examinations among radiation workers based on occupation, gender, and age. The overall non-examination rate was relatively low in non-medical radiation workers.

BackgroundSchizophrenia is a highly heterogeneous disease with different clinical subtypes. Artificial intelligence technology represented by deep learning models has provided considerable benefits for the electroencephalogram （EEG）-based schizophrenia diagnosis， treatment and research， however， to date little research has been conducted regarding any of these benefits among Chinese schizophrenic patients. ObjectiveTo investigate the application of deep learning techniques utilizing EEG parameters for the diagnosis of first-episode schizophrenia and grading of EEG abnormalities in patients， with the aim of contributing to improved clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for the disorder. MethodsFrom January 2020 to January 2023， a total of 130 patients with first-episode schizophrenia who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）， and attended at the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang， along with 150 health checkup examinees， were enrolled. All of them underwent EEG examination. An optimized long short-term memory （LSTM） deep learning model was developed utilizing EEG signals. Ten-fold cross-validation method was employed to evaluate the model's performance. The dataset was then split into two components： a training set （90%） for LSTM model development and a test set （10%） for validation. The accuracy， recall rate， precision， F1-score， schizophrenia diagnosis and EEG abnormality grading were used as evaluation indicators， and the results of the proposed model were compared to the assessments made by experienced psychiatrists. ResultsFor schizophrenia diagnosis， the modeling group achieved the following performance metrics： precision （94.40±3.03）%， recall rate （94.30±3.23）%， accuracy （94.60±2.22）%， and F1-score （94.20±2.20）%. In the validation group， the corresponding metrics were precision （90.90±2.85）%， recall rate （92.20±1.14）%， accuracy （92.20±1.69）%， and F1-score （91.50±1.78）%. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the LSTM diagnostic model and the experienced psychiatrists in terms of precision， recall rate， accuracy， and F1-score for schizophrenia diagnosis （χ²=1.500， 0.750， 2.722， 1.056， P>0.05）. The modeling group demonstrated an accuracy rate of （91.71±1.73）% in grading EEG abnormalities. For Grade 1 abnormalities， the modeling group reported a precision of （96.40±2.39）%， a recall rate of （94.77±1.40）%， and an F1-score of （95.55±1.14）%. In the case of Grade 2 abnormalities， the precision was （85.89±2.04）%， the recall rate was （88.10±6.18）%， and the F1-score was （87.06±3.12）%. For the more severe Grade 3 abnormalities， the modeling group's precision was （79.61±7.33）%， the recall rate was （81.79±9.87）%， and the F1-score was （80.41±6.79）%. Additionally， the validation group exhibited an accuracy rate of （85.61±6.16）%. The precision， recall rate， and F1-score for Grade 1 abnormalities were （91.43±6.25）%， （92.64±9.65）% and （91.56±4.83）%， respectively. For Grade 2 abnormalities， these metrics were （71.17±19.02）%， （77.64±17.24）% and （71.88±11.33）%. In the case of Grade 3 abnormalities， the precision was （90.00±21.08）%， the recall rate was （80.00±25.82）%， and the F1-score was （81.67±19.95）%. There was no significant difference in the accuracy， recall， accuracy and F1 value between LSTM model and senior doctors in evaluating the abnormal degree of EEG in schizophrenia （χ²=0.098， 0.036， 0.020， 0.336， P>0.05）. The LSTM model takes less time to diagnose schizophrenia and EEG abnormalities than senior doctors， and the differences were statistically significant （t=57.147， 43.104， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe study utilizes an EEG-based LSTM deep learning model for diagnosing first-episode schizophrenia and grading EEG abnormalities， and the model not only matches the performance of experienced psychiatrists but also significantly reduces the time required for diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To promote the application of drones in emergency rescue and related fields， expand “low-altitude+ medical” rescue services， and advance the standardization of “low-altitude+medical” distribution services. METHODS The Consensus on Low-altitude Transport and Delivery Services for Emergency Medicines via Drones （2025 Edition） （hereinafter referred to as the Consensus） was jointly initiated by the Division of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring， Chinese Pharmacological Society and the Expert Committee on Precision Medication of the Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association. Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital served as the leading unit， organizing 53 multidisciplinary experts nationwide to participate in drafting and reviewing. A nominal group technique was employed to discuss and finalize the consensus outline， resulting in a preliminary draft. Delphi method was employed， and 11 external review experts were invited to conduct the evaluation. After the experts’ opinions were analyzed and integrated， the Consensus was finalized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The finalized Consensus includes its purpose， principles， and applicable scenarios， basic requirements， and operational procedures for low-altitude transport and delivery of emergency medications； distribution requirements and precautions for controlled substances， fragile medications， and temperature-sensitive medications； and recommendations for emergency medications supplies suitable for the low-altitude transportation and distribution. The release of this Consensus is expected to provide guidance and support for the standardization of “low-altitude+medical” distribution services and the application of low-altitude economy in the healthcare sector.

Cognitive impairment is a major public health challenge facing global aging societies， and currently lacks effective treatment measures. Herb pair， characterized by their rigorous compatibility and synergistic effects， demonstrate unique advantages in clinical practice. Acorus tatarinowii-Polygala tenuifolia is a classic herbal pair for treating cognitive impairment， widely utilized in various traditional Chinese medicine formulations， such as Kaixin san， Shenghui tang， and Yuanzhi san. This article summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms of A. tatarinowii， P. tenuifolia and their compatible compound prescriptions in ameliorating cognitive impairment. It is found that they can exert effects in ameliorating cognitive impairment through mechanisms such as reducing amyloid β-protein deposition and inhibiting excessive phosphorylation of Tau protein， suppressing inflammatory responses， alleviating oxidative stress， protecting neurons and regulating neurotransmitters， modulating the structure and function of the blood- brain barrier， and regulating autophagy. Subsequently， in-depth analysis can be conducted on the active ingredients of A. tatarinowii- P. tenuifolia herb pair that ameliorate cognitive impairment， along with the addition of relevant clinical trials for verification. This will provide theoretical foundations and research approaches for the treatment of cognitive impairment using traditional Chinese medicine.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide on vascular endothelial injury in hypertension and its molecular mechanism.[Methods]C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into saline group(Saline)and hypertension group(Ang Ⅱ,which were infused with Ang Ⅱ via subcutaneously implanted osmotic pumps),and supplemented daily with nicotinamide mononucleotide(300 mg/kg),a precursor of NAD+.Blood pressure,endothelial relaxation function and pulse wave velocity were measured after 4 weeks.Wound healing assay and adhesion assay were used to evaluate the function of endothelial cells in vitro.mtROS levels were detected by immunofluorescence staining.RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of mtDNA,SIRT3 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2(IDH2).8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expression levels of p-eNOS,eNOS,SIRT3 and IDH2 were detected by Western blot.[Results]NMN supplementation reduced blood pressure(P<0.001)and improved endothelial function and arterial stiffness(P<0.001)in hypertensive mice.In vitro,NMN improved endothelial function in Ang Ⅱ-stimulated endothelial cells(P<0.05)and attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress levels(P<0.001).Mechanistically,NMN elevated SIRT3 activity(P<0.001),which subsequently enhanced IDH activity(P<0.001)and reduced oxidative stress levels in endothelial cells.Conversely,knockdown of IDH2 would reverse the effect of SIRT3 in improving endothelial function(P<0.001).[Conclusion]NAD+lowers blood pressure and enhances vascular function in hypertension by reducing the level of oxidative stress in endothelial cells through activation of the SIRT3/IDH2 signal pathway.

BACKGROUND:Duhuo Jisheng Decoction is a classic prescription for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,but its specific mechanism is not clear.Extracellular vesicles have the powerful function of inter-cell communication and signal transmission,and may be the signal carrier for the Decoction.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of serum extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction on the proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells.METHODS:The rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cell model was established by co-culturing with tumor necrosis factor-α in vitro.The experiment was divided into five groups:normal group,model group,serum treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction group,extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction group,and extracellular vesicles treated with normal saline group.The optimal concentration and time of drug-containing serum and extracellular vesicles were screened by CCK-8 assay.Expression of inflammatory cytokines in the supernatants of cells in each group was detected by ELISA.The migration ability of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells was detected by scratch assay.The invasive ability of cells was measured by Transwell Invasion assay.Hoechst staining was adoped to detect cell apoptosis.The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes and proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The optimal volume fraction of serum treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction was 10%and optimal mass concentration of extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction was 10 ng/mL;the optimal time for the interaction between the two was 24 hours.(2)Compared with the model group,serum treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,and extracellular vesicles treated with normal saline could suppress the expression of inflammatory factors of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells(P<0.05),scratch healing(P<0.05),migration and invasion(P<0.05).Moreover,the inhibition of extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction was more significant(P<0.05).(3)Drug-containing serum and extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction promoted the apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells.(4)Compared with the model group,serum treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,and extracellular vesicles treated with normal saline could increase the expression of proapoptotic factors Caspase-3,Caspase-9,and Bax(P<0.05)and decrease the expression of antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2(P<0.05).Moreover,extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction had a more significant regulatory effect on apoptosis-related factors.Above findings indicate that extracellular vesicles treated with Duhuo Jisheng Decoction can inhibit the excessive proliferation,migration,and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells and promote their apoptosis.

Objective To present an assessment method based on oscillometric upper-arm cuff pressure wave for realizing home-based detection of arteriosclerosis.Methods An upper-arm cuff pressure wave acquisition device based on an electronic blood pressure monitor was designed to implement data collection for cuff inflation and deflation,as well as the 15 s pressure holding phase.Following preprocessing of the data collected during this holding phase,individual pulse waves were extracted for pulse decomposition analysis(PDA).A novel model that superimposed a logarithmic normal function with two Gaussian functions,and an optimization method that combined template matching and particle swarm optimization were proposed to efficiently and accurately extract PDA features.Gaussian process regression was employed for multifeature fusion analysis,leading to the proposal of a new predictive indicator for arteriosclerosis.Results The mean absolute error of PDA was less than 1.2%,and the average processing time for a single pulse wave was less than 0.2 s.The regression determination coefficient R2 between the obtained indicators and baPWV was 0.8178.Conclusion The analysis on upper-arm cuff pressure wave provides a new reference for non-invasive arteriosclerosis detection,and it can be applied to electronic blood pressure monitors for home-based monitoring,offering significant practical value.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

We analyzed the epidemiological features and spatial distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Jining city from 2014 to 2023,to provide a reference for further development of targeted prevention and control strategies and measures.Descrip-tive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis cases in Jining from 2014 to 2023.The spatial regional correlation of brucellosis incidence in Jining and the clustering patterns of local areas were studied through spatial autocorrelation analysis with townships as the basic unit.A total of 3 520 cases of brucellosis were reported in Jining from 2014 to 2023,and the average annual incidence rate was 4.23/100 000,thus indicating a fluctuating trend overall.Reported cases peaked from March to August,and a sex ratio of 2.71 males to 1 female was observed.The 40-59 year age group had the most reported cases(50.39％).The incidence of brucellosis in Jining showed an imbalanced spatial distribution.Brucellosis incidence showed a spatially clustered distribution(Moran's I>0,P<0.05).Hotspots were distributed primarily in Sishui,Qufu,and Zoucheng.A total of one class Ⅰ clustering area and one class Ⅱ clustering area were detected in the spatial and temporal scans,and were located in Sishui,Qufu,and Liangshan county.After pathogenic AMOS-PCR typing analysis,64 Brucella isolates collected from Jinan City from 2022 to 2024 were all of the sheep strain,and sheep biovar 3 was predominant(70.31％).In 2014-2023,although Jining City experienced a high incidence of brucellosis,a downward trend was observed.Brucellosis showed a spatial clustering pattern concentrated in the northeastern region.Therefore,awareness and education must be strengthened among brucellosis practitioners in cluster areas,to en-hance case surveillance,improve the level of protection,and achieve early detection and treatment.