Wilson disease （WD） is one of the few treatable neurogenetic disorders. Currently， Western medicine remains the main treatment method for WD， while since the 1990s， multiple studies conducted by Professor Yang Renmin and his team have shown that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） also has a favorable therapeutic effect. Based on the principle of low-copper diet for WD， this article systematically elaborates on the advantages， limitations， and key considerations of current Western medicine therapies （pharmacotherapy， liver transplantation， and splenectomy） and reviews the research findings of TCM in China， especially the wide application of Gandou Decoction in clinical practice. Studies have shown that Gandou Decoction can effectively improve neurological symptoms， protect hepatic and renal function， and avoid the adverse drug reactions associated with metal chelating agents， and therefore， it can be used an effective long-term adjuvant therapy for WD. It should be noted that symptoms and signs should be considered in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy for WD， and high-copper TCM drugs should be avoided to prevent deterioration.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between qi stagnation constitution and suboptimal health status (SHS) or lifestyle.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2013, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 24 159 Chinese individuals aged 12–80 years. The qi stagnation constitution was assessed using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire. Health status was evaluated through medical records and the Subhealth Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0). Health-promoting lifestyles were measured using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II).ResultsOf the 24 159 participants, 16.1% and 15.2% were classified as “always” and “sometimes” having the qi stagnation constitution, respectively. Those classified as “rarely” having the qi stagnation constitution scored higher on both the HPLP-II and SHMS V1.0. The participants classified as “always” having the qi stagnation constitution showed a significant association with SHS or disease compared to other imbalanced constitutions. Those in the “always” category were approximately 21 times more likely to be classified as having SHS (odds ratio [OR]: 21.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.74–28.45), whereas those in the “sometimes” category were approximately six times more likely (OR: 5.89, 95% CI: 5.04–6.90). Accordingly, the qi stagnation constitution score was significantly associated with the diagnosis of SHS, with an area under the curve of 0.77 (P .001). A score of 18.75 yielded the highest Youden Index (0.407), with a sensitivity of 60.5% and a specificity of 80.3%. Significant associations were observed between health-promoting lifestyles and qi stagnation constitution severity in an ordinal regression analysis (P .001). Protective factors included stress management (OR: 1.59), self-actualization (OR: 1.57), and exercise (OR: 1.36). In contrast, poorer interpersonal relationships (OR: 0.79), greater health responsibilities (OR: 0.86), and poorer nutrition (OR: 0.91) were associated with increased severity.ConclusionModulating the qi stagnation constitution through lifestyle interventions may help prevent the progression of SHS to disease, which aligns with core preventive principles in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To observe the effects of auricular point sticking on chronic soft tissue injury of knee joint caused by military training.Methods A total of 77 patients with chronic soft tissue injury of the knee caused by military training admitted to No.901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from January to November 2022 were enrolled in this study.Auricular point sticking therapy was applied in all the patients.Visual analogue scale(VAS)score,the range of motion of the knees and knee temperature were recorded before and after treatment.Results The VAS score was 6.10±1.23,3.03±0.95,and 2.70±0.93 before treatment,15 min and 24 h after treatment,respectively.The VAS score after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment(P<0.01).The range of motion of the knees was(79.08±11.59)°,(104.79±8.49)°,and(108.08±9.36)° before treatment,15 min and 24 h after treatment,respectively.The knee flexion after treatment were significantly higher than that before treatment(P<0.01).The knee temperature at 15 min after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment([30.68±1.38]℃vs.[29.30±1.41]℃,P<0.01).Conclusion Auricular point sticking can reduce the pain of patients with chronic soft tissue injury of the knee and increase the range of joint motion.It is safe and simple and has good compliance.

Objective: To explore the long term trend of forced vital capacity to weight index (FWI) among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 from 2000 to 2019, and to predict its changes over the next decade, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted health interventions and school health policies. Methods: Based on the data of the five Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health conducted from 2000 to 2019, a total of 216 500, 233 565, 215 267, 214 256 and 212 632 Han students aged 7-18 were included, respectively. The long term trend of FWI among students was analyzed, and the GM (1,1) grey model was used to predict FWI changes over the next decade. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Results: The FWI levels of Chinese Han students aged 7-18 were (55.30±11.47)(47.43±11.92)(48.11±12.46)(48.75±12.81)(50.93±13.11)mL/kg in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019, respectively. The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a decreasing then increasing trend from 2000 to 2019, reaching the lowest point of approximately 47.03 mL/kg around 2006, and was projected to recover to 52.88 mL/kg by 2029. Boys had higher FWI for each year and the total level than girls from 2000 to 2019( t =72.58-304.66), and the decline between 2000 and 2005 was smaller in boys (13.1%) than in girls (15.4%). However, the gender gap gradually narrowed and was projected to reduce to 5.36 mL/kg by 2029. FWI increased with age, with the largest difference observed in 2014 between the 7-9 and 16-18 age groups (8.62 mL/kg). Before 2014, urban boys had slightly lower FWI than rural boys; the gap narrowed thereafter, and their FWI levels were expected to become similar by 2029. Urban girls generally had higher FWI than rural girls, and the urban-rural gap showed an increasing trend. By 2029, the largest difference was projected to occur in the 13-15 age group, reaching 7.74 mL/kg. Conclusions The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a trend of initial decline followed by a gradual increase from 2000 to 2019, with notable differences across sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Greater attention should be paid to the respiratory health of rural girls, and effective measures should be taken to reduce urban-rural disparities.

Pulpotomy, which belongs to vital pulp therapy, has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades. This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes. Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy (PP), the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue, and full pulpotomy (FP), the removal of whole coronal pulp, which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth. Procedural decisions for the amount of pulp tissue removal or retention depend on the diagnostic of pulp vitality, the overall treatment plan, the patient's general health status, and pulp inflammation reassessment during operation. This statement represents the consensus of an expert committee convened by the Society of Cariology and Endodontics, Chinese Stomatological Association. It addresses the current evidence to support the application of pulpotomy as a potential alternative to root canal treatment (RCT) on mature permanent teeth with pulpitis from a biological basis, the development of capping biomaterial, and the diagnostic considerations to evidence-based medicine. This expert statement intends to provide a clinical protocol of pulpotomy, which facilitates practitioners in choosing the optimal procedure and increasing their confidence in this rapidly evolving field.
Humans ; Calcium Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Consensus ; Dental Pulp ; Dentition, Permanent ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Pulpitis/therapy* ; Pulpotomy/standards*

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which villin-like protein VILL (VILL) inhibits proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. METHODS: Co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay, mass spectrometry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and GST pull-down assay were employed to identify and confirm the protein interacting with VILL that had the highest abundance in NPC cell lines. Transgenic experiments were conducted in both NPC cell lines and nude mice to validate the regulatory role of VILL and its target protein in NPC proliferation. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to assess the correlation of the expression levels of VILL and its target protein in clinical tissue specimens of NPC with the clinical features of the patients. RESULTS: In NPC cell lines (HONE1 EBV and S18), VILL was found to interact most abundantly with the E3 ubiquitin ligase LMO7, and both proteins co-localized in the cytoplasm with direct interactions. Overexpression of LMO7 partially counteracted the inhibitory effect of VILL on NPC cell proliferation. The expression of VILL was significantly downregulated in 136 NPC tissue samples compared to 67 non-cancerous nasopharyngeal tissues (P<0.00001) with close correlation with clinical T stage (P=0.04), N stage (P=0.01), and M stage (P=0.013), whereas LMO7 was highly expressed in all the NPC tissues. CONCLUSIONS VILL overexpression inhibits NPC proliferation probably by suppressing the oncogenic function of LMO7.
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Humans ; LIM Domain Proteins/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Animals ; Mice ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Mice, Nude ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Carcinoma ; Female ; Microfilament Proteins/genetics* ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the inhibitory effect of multimerin-2 (MMRN2) overexpression on growth and metastasis of cutaneous melanoma cells. METHODS: Clinical data of patients with cutaneous melanoma were obtained from the GEO database to compare MMRN2 expressions between normal and tumor tissues. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database, and the intersecting genes from GEPIA2.0 were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. The prognostic relevance of MMRN2 expression level was assessed using Cox regression and "timeROC". The correlations of MMRN2 expression level with immune infiltration and angiogenesis-related genes were analyzed using GSCA database and the ssGSEA algorithm. Colony-forming assay, Transwell assay, and wound healing assay were used to examine the changes in proliferation and migration of cultured cutaneous melanoma cells following MMRN2 knockdown. In a mouse model bearing cutaneous melanoma xenograft, the effect of MMRN2 knockdown on vital organ pathologies, survival of the mice and GM-CSF, CXCL9, and TGF‑β1 protein expressions were analyzed. RESULTS: MMRN2 was significantly upregulated in metastatic cutaneous melanoma (P<0.001). Protein interaction network analysis identified 15 intersecting genes, which were enriched in endothelium development and cell-cell junctions. In patients with cutaneous melanoma, a high MMRN2 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis, an advanced T stage, a greater Breslow depth, and ulceration (P<0.05). MMRN2 expression level was strongly correlated with 24 immune cell types (P<0.001), fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and expressions of the pro-angiogenic genes (KCNJ8, SLCO2A1, NRP1, and COL3A1; P<0.001). In cultured B16F10 cells, MMRN2 knockdown significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion and caused remo-deling of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS MMRN2 overexpression drives progression of cutaneous melanoma by enhancing tumor metastasis, angiogenesis and immune evasion, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for melanomas.
Humans ; Melanoma/metabolism* ; Animals ; Cell Movement ; Prognosis ; Skin Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Mice ; Cell Proliferation ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Protein Interaction Maps

Objective:To systematically review and evaluate prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients, providing a reference for the development and application of future models.Methods:Literature related to prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients was searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed, with the search period covering from the inception of the databases to August 30, 2024. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction, and the PROBAST tool was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the included studies.Results:A total of 18 studies were included, involving 24 prediction models, with sample sizes ranging from 103 to 512 and an event rate of 9.46% to 49.87%. The top six predictive variables reported most frequently were baseline age, history of aspiration, length of nasogastric tube insertion, nutritional risk, impaired consciousness, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-Ⅱscore. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models ranged from 0.756 to 0.992. Twelve studies reported model calibration, six studies conducted internal validation only, one study conducted external validation only, and four studies performed both internal and external validation. The overall applicability of the 18 studies was good, but the risk of bias was high, mainly due to improper handling of continuous variables and missing data.Conclusions:The aspiration risk prediction models developed in various studies for enteral nutrition patients show good applicability but carry a high risk of bias. Future efforts should focus on further optimizing the model construction process, internal and external validation, and result analysis to provide more reliable and scientific tools for clinical aspiration risk assessment.

Objective:To explore the core factors of self-management and quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the internal relationship between these two constructs.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to enroll 210 COPD patients who visited the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January to December 2022. Data were collected using Self-Management Scale and 36-item Short-Form. A relationship network between self-management and QOL was constructed via network analysis, and centrality indicators and network stability were calculated.Results:A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed, and 205 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 97.6%. Emotional management was identified as the core node in both the overall network and the self-management subnetwork (2.064), while vitality was the core node in the QOL subnetwork (0.730). The relationship between self-management and QOL was mainly manifested through the strong association between emotional management and role-emotion.Conclusions:Emotional management is the core factor in the relationship between self-management and QOL in COPD patients. The overall network of self-management and QOL is influenced by the strong association between emotional management and role-emotion.