Objective To evaluate the consistency of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), Digital Radiography (DR) and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult knee joint injury. Method Clinical data from 150 patients with suspected occult knee injuries who presented to the Department of imaging at the General Hospital of Ordnance Industry between August 2022 and August 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI for diagnostic evaluation. Arthroscopic or surgical findings served as the gold standard. We analyzed and compared the detection rates of specific types of occult knee injuries (ligament, meniscus, occult fracture, etc.) across the three modalities, as well as their ability to assess the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures, and their overall diagnostic performance. Result According to the gold standard, among the 150 patients with suspected occult knee injury, 103 tested positive and 47 negative. Statistically significant differences were observed among MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult fractures(P<0.05). The detection rates ranked in descending order asfollows: fat-suppression MRI>MSCT>DR. However, no significant difference were found in the detection rates of joint effusion and patellar cartilage injuries among the three techniques (P>0.05). Statistically differences were also note among the three techniques in detecting the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures (P<0.05). Specifically fat-suppression MRI identified a higher proportion of grade 1 and 2 lesions than both MSCT and DR. Statistically significant differences were observed among the three techniques in diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries (P<0.05). Fat-suppression MRI demonstrated superior sensitivity (99.03%) and accuracy (96.67%) compared with MSCT (75.73%, 79.33%) and DR (61.17%, 68.00%). However, no significant difference was found in diagnostic specificity among the three techniques (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with MSCT and DR, fat-suppression MRI offers higher diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries, particularly in identifying ligament injuries, meniscus injuries, and occult fractures.

Objective To evaluate the consistency of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), Digital Radiography (DR) and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult knee joint injury. Method Clinical data from 150 patients with suspected occult knee injuries who presented to the Department of imaging at the General Hospital of Ordnance Industry between August 2022 and August 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI for diagnostic evaluation. Arthroscopic or surgical findings served as the gold standard. We analyzed and compared the detection rates of specific types of occult knee injuries (ligament, meniscus, occult fracture, etc.) across the three modalities, as well as their ability to assess the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures, and their overall diagnostic performance. Result According to the gold standard, among the 150 patients with suspected occult knee injury, 103 tested positive and 47 negative. Statistically significant differences were observed among MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult fractures(P<0.05). The detection rates ranked in descending order asfollows: fat-suppression MRI>MSCT>DR. However, no significant difference were found in the detection rates of joint effusion and patellar cartilage injuries among the three techniques (P>0.05). Statistically differences were also note among the three techniques in detecting the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures (P<0.05). Specifically fat-suppression MRI identified a higher proportion of grade 1 and 2 lesions than both MSCT and DR. Statistically significant differences were observed among the three techniques in diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries (P<0.05). Fat-suppression MRI demonstrated superior sensitivity (99.03%) and accuracy (96.67%) compared with MSCT (75.73%, 79.33%) and DR (61.17%, 68.00%). However, no significant difference was found in diagnostic specificity among the three techniques (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with MSCT and DR, fat-suppression MRI offers higher diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries, particularly in identifying ligament injuries, meniscus injuries, and occult fractures.

Objective To evaluate the consistency of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), Digital Radiography (DR) and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult knee joint injury. Method Clinical data from 150 patients with suspected occult knee injuries who presented to the Department of imaging at the General Hospital of Ordnance Industry between August 2022 and August 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI for diagnostic evaluation. Arthroscopic or surgical findings served as the gold standard. We analyzed and compared the detection rates of specific types of occult knee injuries (ligament, meniscus, occult fracture, etc.) across the three modalities, as well as their ability to assess the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures, and their overall diagnostic performance. Result According to the gold standard, among the 150 patients with suspected occult knee injury, 103 tested positive and 47 negative. Statistically significant differences were observed among MSCT, DR, and fat-suppression MRI in detecting occult fractures(P<0.05). The detection rates ranked in descending order asfollows: fat-suppression MRI>MSCT>DR. However, no significant difference were found in the detection rates of joint effusion and patellar cartilage injuries among the three techniques (P>0.05). Statistically differences were also note among the three techniques in detecting the degree of collapse and horizontal displacement in patients with knee fractures (P<0.05). Specifically fat-suppression MRI identified a higher proportion of grade 1 and 2 lesions than both MSCT and DR. Statistically significant differences were observed among the three techniques in diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries (P<0.05). Fat-suppression MRI demonstrated superior sensitivity (99.03%) and accuracy (96.67%) compared with MSCT (75.73%, 79.33%) and DR (61.17%, 68.00%). However, no significant difference was found in diagnostic specificity among the three techniques (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with MSCT and DR, fat-suppression MRI offers higher diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for occult knee injuries, particularly in identifying ligament injuries, meniscus injuries, and occult fractures.

Bartter syndrome（BS）is a group of disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding ion transport proteins in the renal tubular epithelium，which leads to impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. The common features include hypokalemia，metabolic alkalosis，hyperreninemia，and hyperaldosteronism，with normal or low blood pressure. In pediatric patients，BS often has an insidious onset and nonspecific clinical manifestations，making its diagnosis and differential diagnosis challenging. This review systematically elaborates the pathophysiological mechanisms，molecular genetic basis，clinical spectrum，diagnostic approaches，and key points for differential diagnosis of pediatric BS，as well as explores the application of gene sequencing in this disorder，aiming to provide clinicians with a clear framework for its diagnosis and management.

It focuses on the lean management of cost accounting in public hospitals,indexed by the"technology-management-economy-paradigm",and explores the new quality productivity of cost accounting in public hospitals from the perspective of emerging technology applications and cost accounting management paradigm innovation.On the one hand,the application of emerging technologies in the field of cost accounting explains how new quality productivity empowers the lean development of cost accounting;on the other hand,it explores the multi-stage layered model of project cost accounting,the theoretical application of technology allocation coefficient method,and the innovation of departmental cost management paradigm,in order to explore new quality productivity in hospital cost accounting.Under the guidance of new quality productivity,taking emerging technologies and management paradigms as the starting point,exploring the path of lean cost accounting innovation,opening up new breakthroughs for improving the quality and efficiency of operational management,and further deepening the high-quality development of hospitals.

Acute kidney injury（AKI）is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by a rapid decline in renal function over a short period.Oxidative stress，inflammatory responses，and apoptosis play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of AKI.Although symptomatic treatment and renal replacement therapies are widely used in clinical practice，effective therapeutic interventions remain limited.With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology，nanomaterials have demonstrated better potential for application in disease prevention，diagnosis，and treatment.Owing to their unique size effects，tunable surface properties，and excellent biocompatibility，nanomaterials hold great value for targeted drug delivery，anti-inflammatory，and antioxidative therapies，offering new advances in the treatment strategies of kidney diseases.This article summarizes the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of nanomaterials in AKI.

Childhood primary renal tubular diseases are chronic kidney diseases characterized by impaired renal tubular reabsorption. Primary renal tubular disease has diverse clinical manifestations and lacks of specificity. Laboratory tests are limited，making it prone to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Based on the current knowledge of renal tubular diseases，authors propose early warning signals of renal tubular diseases such as family history of primary tubular diseases，unexplained polyhydramnios during pregnancy，polydipsia，polyuria，delayed growth and development or rickets，decreased muscle strength and tone，unexplained electrolyte disturbance，hyperuricemia，acid-base disturbance，positive urine sugar test，renal tubular proteinuria，urinary imaging examination suggesting kidney stones，calcium deposition，renal cysts and early onset of eye，ear，joint and neuron injury.Meanwhile，some universal management strategies for primary renal tubular disease are proposed，emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration，genetic testing and individualized intervention to improve the long-term prognosis of childhood primary renal tubular diseases.

The early biomarkers of renal tubular injury is critical for the early diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury（AKI）. Understanding these biomarkers facilitates the early diagnosis，treatment and prognostic evaluation of AKI. This article reviews the current status of clinical application of AKI biomarkers，and the progress of early biomarkers of renal tubular injury.The discovery and validation of novel biomarkers and their application in clinical practice are summarized as well. Furthermore，it demonstrates the localization of these biomarkers in renal tubule，as well as their significance and challenges in the personalized management of AKI.

Proteinuria is a common manifestation of primary nephrotic syndrome in children and attributed to podocyte injury. Endocytosis is a biological process for maintaining podocyte function through the internalization and recycling of extracellular material and plasma membrane components. Recently，it has been found that podocyte endocytosis is regulated by podocyte membrane proteins as well as actin cytoskeleton. Endocytosis defects affect the signaling pathways of some podocytes. Protein expression in the slit diaphragm of podocytes is regulated by the actin-dependent endocytic pathway. Studying podocyte endocytosis helps to understand the pathogenesis of proteinuria in chronic kidney disease and provide potential therapeutic targets for glomerular disease.

It focuses on the lean management of cost accounting in public hospitals,indexed by the"technology-management-economy-paradigm",and explores the new quality productivity of cost accounting in public hospitals from the perspective of emerging technology applications and cost accounting management paradigm innovation.On the one hand,the application of emerging technologies in the field of cost accounting explains how new quality productivity empowers the lean development of cost accounting;on the other hand,it explores the multi-stage layered model of project cost accounting,the theoretical application of technology allocation coefficient method,and the innovation of departmental cost management paradigm,in order to explore new quality productivity in hospital cost accounting.Under the guidance of new quality productivity,taking emerging technologies and management paradigms as the starting point,exploring the path of lean cost accounting innovation,opening up new breakthroughs for improving the quality and efficiency of operational management,and further deepening the high-quality development of hospitals.