Objective:To systematically review risk prediction models for frailty in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods:Relevant literature on frailty risk prediction models for MHD patients were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc from inception to March 25, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The PROBAST tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the prediction models. Meta-analysis of predictive factors was conducted using Stata 16.0 software.Results:A total of 13 studies were included, comprising 19 frailty risk prediction models for MHD patients. All studies exhibited a high risk of bias. Six studies conducted internal validation, and three studies conducted external validation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ( AUC) of the included prediction models ranged from 0.720 to 0.998. Meta-analysis revealed that age [ OR=1.149, 95% CI (1.070, 1.234), P<0.001], female gender [ OR=4.472, 95% CI (1.799, 11.117), P<0.001], nutritional score [ OR=2.650, 95% CI (1.010, 6.970), P=0.048], comorbidities [ OR=1.990, 95% CI (1.500, 2.650), P<0.001], and serum albumin [ OR=0.830, 95% CI (0.790, 0.880), P<0.001] were significant influencing factors for frailty in MHD patients. Conclusions:Risk prediction models for frailty in MHD patients are still in the research stage. Healthcare professionals should pay close attention to frailty risks in older patients, females, those with malnutrition, comorbidities, and low serum albumin levels, and implement timely interventions.

Objective:To systematically review risk prediction models for frailty in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods:Relevant literature on frailty risk prediction models for MHD patients were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc from inception to March 25, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The PROBAST tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the prediction models. Meta-analysis of predictive factors was conducted using Stata 16.0 software.Results:A total of 13 studies were included, comprising 19 frailty risk prediction models for MHD patients. All studies exhibited a high risk of bias. Six studies conducted internal validation, and three studies conducted external validation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ( AUC) of the included prediction models ranged from 0.720 to 0.998. Meta-analysis revealed that age [ OR=1.149, 95% CI (1.070, 1.234), P<0.001], female gender [ OR=4.472, 95% CI (1.799, 11.117), P<0.001], nutritional score [ OR=2.650, 95% CI (1.010, 6.970), P=0.048], comorbidities [ OR=1.990, 95% CI (1.500, 2.650), P<0.001], and serum albumin [ OR=0.830, 95% CI (0.790, 0.880), P<0.001] were significant influencing factors for frailty in MHD patients. Conclusions:Risk prediction models for frailty in MHD patients are still in the research stage. Healthcare professionals should pay close attention to frailty risks in older patients, females, those with malnutrition, comorbidities, and low serum albumin levels, and implement timely interventions.

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of a 6-month Ba Duan Jin exercise program in improving the balance of community-dwelling older adults.Methods:A two arms, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 1 028 community residents aged 60-80 years in 40 communities in 5 provinces of China. Participants in the intervention group (20 communities, 523 people) received Ba Duan Jin exercise 5 days/week, 1 hour/day for 6 months, and three times of falls prevention health education, and the control group (20 communities, 505 people) received falls prevention health education same as the intervention group. The Berg balance scale (BBS) score was the leading outcome indicator, and the secondary outcome indicators included the length of time of standing on one foot (with eyes open and closed), standing in a tandem stance (with eyes open and closed), the closed circle test, and the timed up to test.Results:A total of 1 028 participants were included in the final analysis, including 731 women (71.11%) and 297 men (28.89%), and the age was (69.87±5.67) years. After the 3-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 3.05 (95% CI: 2.23-3.88) points ( P<0.001). After the 6-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 4.70 (95% CI: 4.03-5.37) points ( P<0.001). Ba Duan Jin showed significant improvement ( P<0.05) in all secondary outcomes after 6 months of exercise in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions:This study showed that Ba Duan Jin exercise can improve balance in community-dwelling older adults aged 60-80. The longer the exercise time, the better the improvement.

"Double-driven" teacher professional development is a transformation from a novice teacher to an expert teacher through both internal and external driving pathway based on education ecology and teacher encouragement theory. The internal driving pathway of teacher professional development includes socialist belief, professional conscience, and professional consciousness, while the external driving pathway includes standardized management system, school-based teaching and research activities, medicine-education cooperation, and campus positive culture.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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Objective:To investigate the incidence of injuries among children aged 0-17 years from 28 counties in six provinces.Methods:According to the earlier study on data in different local areas and the current work plan, we selected the survey objects for a general survey on child injury prevalence in the last 12 months. The subjects included guardians of children who did not attend kindergartens, children from kindergartens, and primary school grades 1-3. Children from grades 4-6 primary school, junior high school, and senior high school were also included.Results:The overall rate of injured children was 4.83%, with the incidence of injuries as 5.75% in the last 12 months before the survey. Both the rate of injured children and incidence of injuries were higher in boys than that in girls. Children whose primary caregivers were relatives, grandparents, minors, or with an education level below the primary school had a relatively higher rate of both injured children and incidence of injuries. The first cause of child injury was fall. The time of child injury was mainly from June to October, mainly at home, with the main activity as playing. The significant injuries in children were contusion and abrasion, and the main parts injured were lower limbs, upper limbs, and head. Most of the injuries were cured, and the primary treatment was outpatient and emergency treatment.Conclusions:Boys and children whose parents can not take care of are the priority population for child injury prevention and control. Targeted prevention and control measures should be implemented according to the characteristics of injuries among children of different ages.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristic and influencing factors of animal injuries among children from 28 counties/districts in 6 provinces of China to provide evidence for formulating related prevention measures and strategies.Methods:Data was obtained from 'Children injury prevention project, 2016-2020'. Variables on the characteristics, including incidence, locations, related activities, time, and outcomes among children, were described. The negative binomial regression model analyzed animal injury frequency influencing factors.Results:There were 107 029 boys and 97 599 girls, with a gender ratio of 1.10, among the 204 628 children aged 0-17 in 28 counties/districts in 6 provinces of China. Per-person and per-time incidence rates of animal injuries were 0.70% and 0.72%, both higher in boys than in girls. Animal injuries among children mainly occurred in home (73.20%), road/street (7.51%), and open space of community/village (6.77%), during playing (63.15%), with the peak time between 12:01-18:00 (45.03%). Upper limbs (47.89%), lower limbs (35.31%), and head (8.44%) were the most injured body parts. Outpatient or emergency treatment (85.19%) had been carried out. The negative binomial regression showed that sex, grade, guardian educational level, urban or rural, and daily communication between guardians and children as influencing factors in the frequency of animal injuries among children.Conclusions:Special attention should be given to boys, at home, in projects on animal injury prevention and control. There were many influencing factors of animal injury frequency. Knowledge of injury prevention should be popularized to children and guardians. Related comprehensive intervention should be developed in families, schools, and social settings.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of traffic injuries among children aged 0-17 years in 28 counties of 6 provinces and to provide prevention suggestions.Methods:Using the general survey method, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the road traffic injuries of children in 28 counties of 6 provinces in 2017.Results:A total of 204 628 students were surveyed, 908 of whom had experiences of road traffic injuries. Road traffic injuries were 0.44% among children in 28 counties of 6 provinces in China and 0.94% among children who did not attend kindergartens. July is a high incidence period of road traffic injuries among children (12.92%). When children suffer from road traffic injuries, the first three activities were playing (21.61%), riding an electric bicycle (20.40%), walking (20.07%). Most injuries appeared as contusion/abrasion, accounting for 42.26% of the total cases. The injured parts were mainly lower limbs, upper limbs, and heads, accounting for 38.85%, 23.29%, and 20.20%. Most children with road traffic injuries recovered after related treatments, accounting for 85.43% of all cases. The median length of hospital stay of children with road traffic injuries was seven days, and the median expense in hospitals was 3 000 Yuan (RMB).Conclusions:The incidence of road traffic injuries among males appeared higher than females, and the children who did not attend the kindergartens were the highest. During playing, riding an electric bicycle and walking were the top three activities prone to road traffic injuries.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis in patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) abnormal prostate disease. Methods The patients who had abnormal PSA from January 2017 to December 2018 in Weifang People′s Hospital were selected. Patients with prostate puncture indications were as research target. A total of 137 patients including 44 patients with prostate cancer and 93 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were diagnosed by puncture. All patients underwent magnetic resonance scan and enhancement and spectroscopy before surgery. The comparative value of magnetic resonance scan + enhancement, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and joint examination was obtained. Results Sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging and enhancement was 77.3% (34/44), specificity was 86.0% (80/93), and accuracy was 83.2% (114/137). Sensitivity of magnetic resonance spectroscopy was 52.3% (23/44), specificity was 77.4% (72/93), and accuracy was 69.3% (95/137). The sensitivity of the combined application was 90.9% (40/44), specificity was 91.4% (85/93), and accuracy was 91.2% (125/137). Conclusions The application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy can increase the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of magnetic resonance plain scan and intensive examination for diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective: To analyze and compare the disease burden of falls in Chinese population aged 0-19, in 1990 and 2017. Methods: Indicators including number of deaths, mortality rates, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted of life years (DALY), on falls, were gathered from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 and used to describe the disease burden and corresponding parameters on falls, between 1990 and 2017, in China. Results: In 2017, number of death, YLLs, YLDs, DALYs caused by falls were 5 321, 0.43 million person years, 0.14 million person years and 0.57 million person years respectively, among aged 0-19 group. Rates on standardized mortality, YLLs, YLDs and DALYs on falls were 1.76/100 000, 141.49/100 000, 46.99/100 000, and 188.48/100 000, respectively. The burden of falls decreased with the increase of age. Compared with 1990, disease burden of falls decreased in all age groups, both in male and female, with more seen in the lower age groups. Compared with 1990, the number of deaths, rates on YLLs, YLDs and DALYs caused by falls decreased by 65.08%, 46.63%, 47.38% and 36.33% respectively, in 2017. However, the YLDs rate increased by 73.31% between 1990 and 2017. The ratio of YLLs to DALYs decreased from 90.84% in 1990 to 75.07% in 2017, with a proportion as 17.36%. Conclusion Compared with 1990, although the disease burden of falls among aged 0-19 group showed a decreasing trend, falls still caused serious disease burden for the aged 0-19 group. Research that targeting prevention on falls, should be continued.