ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of entecavir （ETV） versus tenofovir alafenamide fumarate （TAF） on renal function in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 167 previously untreated CHB patients who received ETV or TAF treatment for at least 48 weeks at the outpatient service of Department of Infectious Diseases in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September 2019 to November 2023， and according to the antiviral drug used， they were divided into ETV group with 117 patients and TAF group with 50 patients. In order to balance baseline clinical data， propensity score matching （PSM） was used for matching and analysis at a ratio of 2∶1， and the two groups were compared in terms of estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） and the incidence rate of abnormal renal function at week 48. According to eGFR at week 48， the patients were divided into normal renal function group and abnormal renal function group. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for abnormal renal function， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the performance of each indicator in predicting abnormal renal function. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function， and the log-rank test was used for comparison. The analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare the dynamic changes of eGFR during antiviral therapy in CHB patients. ResultsAfter PSM matching， there were 100 patients in the ETV group and 50 patients in the TAF group. There were no significant differences in baseline clinical data between the ETV group and the TAF group （all P>0.05）， with an eGFR level of 112.29±9.92 mL/min/1.73 m² in the ETV group and 114.72±12.15 mL/min/1.73 m² in the TAF group. There was a reduction in eGFR from baseline to week 48 in both groups， and compared with the TAF group at week 48， the ETV group had a significantly lower eGFR （106.42±14.12 mL/min/1.73 m² vs 112.25±13.44 mL/min/1.73 m²， t=-2.422， P=0.017） and a significantly higher incidence rate of abnormal renal function （17.00% vs 4.00%， χ²=5.092， P=0.024）. After the patients were divided into normal renal function group with 131 patients and abnormal renal function group with 19 patients， the univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in age （Z=-2.039， P=0.041）， treatment drug （ETV/TAF） （χ²=5.092， P=0.024）， and baseline eGFR level （t=4.023， P<0.001）， and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline eGFR （odds ratio ［OR］=0.896， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 0.841 — 0.955， P<0.001） and treatment drug （OR=5.589， 95%CI： 1.136 — 27.492， P=0.034） were independent influencing factors for abnormal renal function. Baseline eGFR had an area under the ROC curve of 0.781 in predicting abnormal renal function in CHB patients， with a cut-off value of 105.24 mL/min/1.73 m²， a sensitivity of 73.68%， and a specificity of 82.44%. The Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that the patients with baseline eGFR≤105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² had a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function than those with baseline eGFR>105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² （χ²=22.330， P<0.001）， and the ETV group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function than the TAF group （χ²=4.961， P=0.026）. With the initiation of antiviral therapy， both the ETV group and the TAF group had a significant reduction in eGFR （F=5.259， P<0.001）， but the ETV group only had a significant lower level of eGFR than the TAF group at week 48 （t=-2.422， P=0.017）； both the baseline eGFR≤105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² group and the baseline eGFR>105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² group had a significant reduction in eGFR （F=5.712， P<0.001）， and there was a significant difference in eGFR between the two groups at baseline and weeks 12， 24， 36， and 48 （t=-13.927， -9.780， -8.835， -9.489， and -8.953， all P<0.001）. ConclusionFor CHB patients initially treated with ETV or TAF， ETV antiviral therapy has a higher risk of renal injury than TAF therapy at week 48.

The CyberKnife, an acronym for the stereotactic radiosurgery platform, represents an image-guided stereotactic radiotherapy technique. This technology precisely delivers ionizing radiation to tissues, effectively damaging tumor cells, and is suitable for radiotherapy of both intracranial and extracranial tumors. This article reports the first performance of CyberKnife by radiotherapy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, including a patient with uncontrolled pituitary adenoma after surgery and radiotherapy, and another patient with vertebral metastasis following targeted therapy for lung adenocarcinoma. The application of CyberKnife technology in radiotherapy has achieved highly accurate dose delivery, enabling targeted irradiation of tumor lesions while minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues, thereby yielding relatively ideal clinical outcomes.

One of its primary surgical treatments of tricuspid regurgitation is tricuspid valve biological valve replacement. Catheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation is a novel interventional alternative for biological valve failure. The non-invasive lung fluid measuring device remote dielectric sensing (ReDSTM) has been increasingly incorporated into clinical practice as a means of monitoring chronic heart failure in recent years. This report describes the process and outcomes of the first instance of perioperative lung fluid volume evaluation following transcatheter tricuspid valve implantation utilizing ReDSTM technology. The patient has a short-term, substantial increase in postoperative lung fluid volume as compared to baseline.

Objective To explore the relationship between pain and recurrent falls in the elderly with self-care ability. Methods Based on data from the 4th (2018) and 5th (2020) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between pain and recurrent falls in the elderly. Results Among the 1219 elderly people, the average age was (69.6 ± 7.0) years old, with 407 males (33.39%) and 812 females (66.61%). 2) The risk of falling again with mild, moderate, and severe pain was 32.83%, 43.98% and 41.63%, respectively; The risk of falling again was 28.25%, 38.48% and 45.99% for pain sites ≤2, 3-5 and ≥6, respectively. 3) Regression analysis showed that the risk of falling again in the elderly with moderate pain was 1.38 times higher than that with mild pain (OR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.05-1.81). Compared with those with less than 2 pain sites, the risk of falling again was increased by 50% (OR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.07-2.09) and 76% (OR: 1.76, 95%CI: 1.28-2.42) in those with 3 to 5 pain sites and ≥6 pain sites, respectively. In women, the risk of falling again was 1.99 times higher in those with ≥6 pain sites than in those with ≤2 pain sites (OR: 1.99, 95%CI: 1.32-3.00). Conclusion The pain level and the risk of falling again in the elderly are in an inverted U-shaped distribution, and the number of pain sites is positively correlated with the risk of falling again in the elderly. Headache, shoulder pain, back pain, leg pain and ankle pain are all related to the risk of falling again in the elderly. It is recommended to manage pain reasonably to reduce the risk of recurrent falling in the elderly.

BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To study incident and clinical characteristics of the coronary microcirculation dysfunction (CMD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and to explore the predictive value of CMD for in-hospital acute heart failure event. METHODS: One hundred and forty five patients with AMI who had received PCI and completed MCE during hospitalization in Peking University People' s Hospital from November 2015 to July 2021 were enrolled in our study. The patients were divided into CMD group and normal group according to the coronary microcirculation status detected by MCE. Clinical data and MCE data of the two groups were collected and analyzed. The acute heart failure event during hospitalization was described. A multivariate Logistic regression model was built to analyze the risk of acute heart failure in patients with CMD. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the value of CMD in predicting acute heart failure event. RESULTS: CMD detected by MCE occurred in 87 patients (60%). Compared with normal group, patients with CMD had higher troponin I (TnI) peak level [52.8 (8.1, 84.0) μg/L vs. 18.9 (5.7, 56.1) μg/L, P=0.005], poorer Killip grade on admission (P=0.030), different culprit vessel (P < 0.001) and more patients had thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow pre-PCI less than grade 3 in culprit vessel (65.1% vs. 43.1%, P=0.025). Meanwhile, patients with CMD had poorer left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [52% (43%, 58%) vs. 61% (54%, 66%)], poorer global longitudinal strain (GLS) [-11.2% (-8.7%, -14.0%) vs.-13.9% (-10.8%, -17.0%)] and worse wall motion score index (WMSI) (1.58±0.36 vs. 1.25± 0.24) (P all < 0.001). Acute left heart failure happened in 13.8% of the CMD patients, which were significant higher than that in the patients with normal coronary microcirculation perfusion (1.7%, P=0.013). After correcting for the culprit vessel, the TIMI flow pre-PCI in the culprit vessel and the peak TnI value, the risk of acute left heart failure in the patients with CMD was still high (OR=9.120, 95%CI: 1.152-72.192, P=0.036). The area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.677 (95%CI: 0.551-0.804, P=0.035). CONCLUSION The incidence of CMD detected by MCE in patients with AMI post-PCI was 60%. Patients with CMD have a higher risk of acute left heart failure during hospitalization.
Humans ; Heart Failure/physiopathology* ; Microcirculation ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects* ; Myocardial Infarction/complications* ; Male ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Echocardiography ; Coronary Circulation ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Troponin I/blood*

OBJECTIVES: We propose a myocardial infarction (MI) detection and localization model for improving the diagnostic accuracy for MI to provide assistance to clinical decision-making. METHODS: The proposed model was constructed based on multi-scale field residual blocks fusion modified channel attention (MSF-RB-MCA). The model utilizes lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to detect and localize MI, and extracts different levels of feature information through the multi-scale field residual block. A modified channel attention for automatic adjustment of the feature weights was introduced to enhance the model's ability to focus on the MI region, thereby improving the accuracy of MI detection and localization. RESULTS: A 5-fold cross-validation test of the model was performed using the publicly available Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) dataset. For MI detection, the model achieved an accuracy of 99.96% on the test set with a specificity of 99.84% and a sensitivity of 99.99%. For MI localization, the accuracy, specificity and sensitivity were 99.81%, 99.98% and 99.65%, respectively. The performances of the model for MI detection and localization were superior to those of other comparison models. CONCLUSIONS The proposed MSF-RB-MCA model shows excellent performance in AI detection and localization based on lead II ECG signals, demonstrating its great potential for application in wearable devices.
Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Electrocardiography/methods* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Algorithms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Exertional heatstroke is defined as a serious clinical syndrome typically characterized by impaired thermoregulation in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, resulting in heat production exceeding heat dissipation, causing core body temperature to exceed 40 centigrade, accompanied by central nervous system dysfunction and multi-organ failure. At present, the commonly used exertional heatstroke animal model is to put mice on a treadmill to run under high temperature and humidity conditions, but additional electrical stimulation is required to maintain the continuous running state of mice. However, additional electrical stimulation may lead to a further increase in mouse body temperature, which adversely affects the stability of the model. Therefore, medical staff from the intensive care unit of Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, specially designed an intelligent experimental device for the exertional heatstroke model in mice, and obtained the national invention Patent of China (ZL 2022 1 1101721.2). The device integrates climate chamber, LCD touch screen and multiple sets of forced running wheel. Experimenters can observe and control the temperature, humidity, and wheel rotation parameters in the climate chamber in real time through a LCD touch screen. Each set of forced running wheel is equipped with a driving device that can be independently controlled. The device makes the mice run continuously without additional stimulation and enables the experimental personnel to observe and control the conditions in the climate chamber. The device successfully solves the problem of instability of the exertional heatstroke animal model and is convenient for the experimental personnel to control flexibly.
Animals ; Heat Stroke ; Mice ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hot Temperature ; Equipment Design ; Humidity ; Body Temperature

Objectives:To observe the mitochondrial morphology of normal and triple-negative breast cancer cells, extract mitochondria from normal cells, and investigate the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods:The morphology of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscope. Mitochondria were extracted by mitochondrial extraction kit, mitochondrial protein was identified by western blot, and mitochondrial activity was detected by mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit. MitoTracker Green or MitoTracker Deep Red fluorescent probes were used to label the mitochondria of living cells, and the degree of mitochondria entering LTT cells was observed by confocal laser microscopy at 12, 24, and 96 hours. The effects of mitochondrial transplantation on proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness of breast cancer cells were examined by CCK8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and sphere formation assay after 24 hours of mitochondrial transplantation.Results:The mitochondria of normal cells were rod-shaped or elongated, while the mitochondria of triple-negative breast cancer cells were swollen and vacuolated. Western blot results showed that cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (MT-CO1) protein encoded by mitochondria was present in the isolated mitochondria. The content of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) was higher in mitochondria than that in cytoplasm. The result of the multi-mode microplate reader showed that the content of mitochondrial J-aggregates/monomer was 1.67±0.06, which was significantly higher than 0.35±0.04 of the control group ( P＜0.001). Exogenous mitochondria were observed in LTT cells at 12, 24, and 96 hours after mitochondrial transplantation. The results of the CCK8 experiment showed that OD450 of LTT cells was 0.27±0.13 after 48 hours transplantation, which was lower than 0.62±0.36 of the control group ( P=0.023). The OD450 of MDA-MB-468 cells was 0.30±0.03, which was lower than 0.65±0.10 of the control group ( P=0.004). After 120 hours of mitochondrial transplantation, OD450 in both groups was still significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.01). The number of clones formed by mitochondrial transplantation of LTT cells was 21.33±7.31, which was lower than 35.22±13.59 of the control group ( P=0.016). Flow cytometry showed that the early apoptosis rate of LTT cells was (30.07±2.15)% after 24 hours of mitochondrial transplantation, which was higher than 2.07±1.58 of the control group ( P＜0.001). The proportion of early apoptosis in MDA-MB-468 cells was 24.47%±5.22%, which was higher than (7.83±2.06)% in the control group ( P=0.007). In addition, the number of mitochondria transplanted LTT cells into the cell sphere was 46.25±5.40, which was significantly lower than 62.58±6.43 of the control group ( P＜0.001). Conclusion:Normal mitochondria can enter triple-negative breast cancer cells by co-culture, inhibit the proliferation and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells, and promote the apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Objectives:To observe the mitochondrial morphology of normal and triple-negative breast cancer cells, extract mitochondria from normal cells, and investigate the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods:The morphology of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscope. Mitochondria were extracted by mitochondrial extraction kit, mitochondrial protein was identified by western blot, and mitochondrial activity was detected by mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit. MitoTracker Green or MitoTracker Deep Red fluorescent probes were used to label the mitochondria of living cells, and the degree of mitochondria entering LTT cells was observed by confocal laser microscopy at 12, 24, and 96 hours. The effects of mitochondrial transplantation on proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness of breast cancer cells were examined by CCK8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and sphere formation assay after 24 hours of mitochondrial transplantation.Results:The mitochondria of normal cells were rod-shaped or elongated, while the mitochondria of triple-negative breast cancer cells were swollen and vacuolated. Western blot results showed that cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (MT-CO1) protein encoded by mitochondria was present in the isolated mitochondria. The content of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) was higher in mitochondria than that in cytoplasm. The result of the multi-mode microplate reader showed that the content of mitochondrial J-aggregates/monomer was 1.67±0.06, which was significantly higher than 0.35±0.04 of the control group ( P＜0.001). Exogenous mitochondria were observed in LTT cells at 12, 24, and 96 hours after mitochondrial transplantation. The results of the CCK8 experiment showed that OD450 of LTT cells was 0.27±0.13 after 48 hours transplantation, which was lower than 0.62±0.36 of the control group ( P=0.023). The OD450 of MDA-MB-468 cells was 0.30±0.03, which was lower than 0.65±0.10 of the control group ( P=0.004). After 120 hours of mitochondrial transplantation, OD450 in both groups was still significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.01). The number of clones formed by mitochondrial transplantation of LTT cells was 21.33±7.31, which was lower than 35.22±13.59 of the control group ( P=0.016). Flow cytometry showed that the early apoptosis rate of LTT cells was (30.07±2.15)% after 24 hours of mitochondrial transplantation, which was higher than 2.07±1.58 of the control group ( P＜0.001). The proportion of early apoptosis in MDA-MB-468 cells was 24.47%±5.22%, which was higher than (7.83±2.06)% in the control group ( P=0.007). In addition, the number of mitochondria transplanted LTT cells into the cell sphere was 46.25±5.40, which was significantly lower than 62.58±6.43 of the control group ( P＜0.001). Conclusion:Normal mitochondria can enter triple-negative breast cancer cells by co-culture, inhibit the proliferation and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells, and promote the apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells.