Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

To improve Party members management quality in public hospitals,this study established a comprehensive system based on the five core elements of system management theory.The system includes subsystems for target value,organiza-tional structure,education and training,performance assessment,supervision and review,and information technology.Further-more,the practical implementation of this system in a public hospital has highlighted three key characteristics:integrity,hierar-chy,and openness.These features underscore its potential for wider adoption in the management of Party members within public hospitals.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the density and volume of left atrial-epicardial adipose tissue(LA-EAT)and the occurrence and severity of atrial fibrillation(AF)in elderly patients.Methods:This was a retrospective case-control study.A total of 197 elderly patients with AF and 82 patients with sinus rhythm who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology and Geriatric Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2023 to July 2024.were selected.The AF group was further divided into paroxysmal AF(PAF)subgroup(111 cases)and persistent AF(PeAF)subgroup(86 cases). The density and volume of LA-EAT in all patients were meansured by coronary artery enhanced CT or left atrial enhanced CT.The differences in LA-EAT density, volume and related data among the 3 groups were compared, and their relationship with different severity of senile AF was analyzed.Logistic regression was used to analyze whether LA-EAT density and volume were risk factors for senile AF.The predictive value of LA-EAT density and volume for AF in the elderly was compared throuh restricted cubic spline analysis.Results:The average LA-EAT density in the sinus rhythm group, PAF group and PeAF group was -82.75(-87.15, -79.63), -81.70(-85.55, -75.85)and -80.45(-83.40, -76.10)HU, respectively; the standard deviation of density was 34.70(31.93, 36.28), 36.20(34.30, 37.65)and 35.45(33.63, 37.28)HU, respectively; the LA-EAT volume was 23 483.40(13 964.10, 31 645.53), 25 112.20(18 479.10, 36 917.50)and 37 836.50(25 933.80, 45 537.90)mm 3, respectively.The LA-EAT density and volume in the PAF group and PeAF group were higher than those in the sinus rhythm group(all P<0.05). The LA-EAT volume in the PeAF group was greater than that in the PAF group( P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in LA-EAT density between the two groups( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LA-EAT density and volume, left atrial diameter(LAD)and body mass index(BMI)were the independent risk factors for AF in the elderly( P<0.05). Conclusions:LA-EAT density and volume are significantly correlated with occurrence of senile AF, and show a positive dose-response relationship.LA-EAT volume is significantly related to the severity of AF( P<0.05), while the density is not significantly related to it( P>0.05).

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of the systemic inflammatory immune nutri-tion score(SIINS)for the prognosis of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 202 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received treatment with programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitors at the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from October 2018 to July 2022.The LASSO regression analysis was used to screen prognostic indicators,construct SIINS indicator,determine the optimal cutoff value for predicting prognosis using subject operating characteristic curves,and divide patients into the high SIINS and low SIINS groups.Independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS)were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Results Four indicators,including lymphocyte count,lactate dehydrogenase,and neutrophil lymphocytes,were selected to construct the SIINS index.The prognosis of patients in the high SIINS group was significantly lower than that in the low SIINS group(P<0.05).The results of the multifactorial Cox regression a-nalysis showed that the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index(GNRI),SIINS,treatment regimen,and number of treatment lines(P<0.05)could serve as the independent predictive prognosis of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.Conclusion SIINS can predict the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with PD-1 inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare decellularized nerve grafts from alpha-1, 3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) gene-edited pigs and explore their biocompatibility for xenotransplantation. METHODS: The sciatic nerves from wild-type pigs and GGTA1 gene-edited pigs were obtained and underwent decellularization. The alpha-galactosidase (α-gal) content in the sciatic nerves of GGTA1 gene-edited pigs was detected by using IB4 fluorescence staining and ELISA method to verify the knockout status of the GGTA1 gene, and using human sciatic nerve as a control. HE staining and scanning electron microscopy observation were used to observe the structure of the nerve samples. Immunofluorescence staining and DNA content determination were used to evaluate the degree of decellularization of the nerve samples. Fourteen nude mice were taken, and subcutaneous capsules were prepared on both sides of the spine. Decellularized nerve samples of wild-type pigs ( n=7) and GGTA1 gene-edited pigs ( n=7) were randomly implanted in the subcutaneous capsules. Blood was drawn at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after implantation to detect neutrophil counting. RESULTS: IB4 fluorescence staining and ELISA detection showed that GGTA1 gene was successfully knocked out in the nerves of GGTA1 gene-edited pigs. HE staining showed that the structure of the decellularized nerve from GGTA1 gene-edited pigs was well preserved; the nerve basement membrane tube structure was visible under scanning electron microscopy; no cell nuclei was observed, and the extracellular matrix components was retained in the nerve grafts by immunofluorescence staining; and the DNA content was significantly reduced when compared with the normal nerves ( P<0.05). In vivo experiments showed that the number of neutrophils in the two groups were similar at 1, 3, and 7 days after implantation, with no significant difference ( P>0.05); only at 5 days, the number of neutrophils was significantly lower in the GGTA1 gene-edited pigs than in the wild-type pigs ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION The decellularized nerve grafts from GGTA1 gene-edited pigs have well-preserved nerve structure, complete decellularization, retain the natural nerve basement membrane tube structure and components, and low immune response after xenotransplantation through in vitro experiments.
Animals ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Galactosyltransferases/genetics* ; Sciatic Nerve/immunology* ; Swine ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Humans ; Graft Rejection/prevention & control* ; Gene Editing ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Heterografts/immunology* ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Decellularized Extracellular Matrix

Objective:To conduct evidence synthesis on disease communication between parents and their minor children from the perspective of parents with cancer, so as to provide information for clinical healthcare providers to deliver improved health education to patients and their children.Methods:Computer retrieval was implemented in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from January 1, 2000 to March 6, 2025. The literature was assessed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. The JBI aggregative integration method was employed for the Meta-synthesis.Results:A total of nine articles were included. Thirty-two results were extracted, divided into ten categories, and integrated into five results, namely willingness to communicate illness, factors influencing communicating willingness, disease communication strategies, supporting children's coping, and perceptions of illness information.Conclusions:Disease communication between cancer parents and their minor children is influenced by multiple factors and exhibits complex diversity. Healthcare providers should fully understand and accurately recognize the distinct approaches of parents with cancer, offering guidance, advice, and encouragement whenever possible, and should dynamically provide timely medical support and assistance tailored to the evolving needs of patients throughout different stages of their disease treatment.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze and compare the clinical effects of rigid neuroendoscopic hematoma removal and drilling irrigation drainage in the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas with mixed density on head CT, and explore the appropriate surgical methods for chronic subdural hematomas with mixed density.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 80 patients with CSDH with mixed density CT findings admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2021 to November 2023. There were 57 males and 23 females. According to the surgical method, patients were divided into endoscopic group ( n=36) and drilling group ( n=44). Patients in the endoscopic group underwent hard neuroendoscopic hematoma removal surgery, while patients in the drilling group underwent drilling flushing and drainage surgery. Compared the surgical time, drainage time, hematoma clearance rate, length of hospital stay, markwalder neurological function grading, and activities of daily living (ADL) score between two groups 30 days after surgery. Followed up for 3 months to record the recurrence situation.Measurement data with a normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and t-test was used for inter-group comparison. Measurement data with a non-normal distribution were expressed as M( Q1, Q3), and rank sum test was used for inter-group comparison. Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used for inter-group comparison of count data. Rank sum test was used for inter-group comparison of ordinal data. Results:The operation time, postoperative drainage time, 24-hour hematoma clearance rate, midline deviation distance and hospital stay in the endoscopic group respectively were (77.50±8.15) min, 1.00(1.00, 2, 00) d, (95.00±2.66)%, 1.00(0.00, 2.00) mm, (9.47±2.52) d. The drilling group were (44.77±6.56) min, 3.00(2.25, 3.00) d, (87.86±3.43)%, 3.00(2.00, 3.00) mm, (11.84±3.28) d, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups ( P<0.05). Comparison of long-term efficacy in the endoscopic group, the hematoma clearance rate at 30 days after operation, the ADL score at 30 days after operation, and the number of recurrence cases at 3 months after operation respectively were 99.00(97.25, 100.00)%, (88.06±7.86) points, and 1 case. The drilling group were 93.50(91.25, 95.75)%, (83.29±9.58) points and 10 cases, with statistical difference between the two groups( P<0.05). 30 day postoperative Markwalder neurological functional grading, there were 27 cases grades 0, 9 cases of grade I, and 0 cases of grade II in endoscopic surgery. In the drilling group, there were 24 cases, 15 cases, and 5 cases, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with drilling and drainage irrigation surgery, neuroendoscopic treatment of mixed density chronic subdural hematoma takes a relatively long time, but the hematoma clearance rate is higher, the hospitalization time is shorter, the postoperative recovery is faster and the recurrence rate is lower. Neuroendoscopic therapy has unique advantages and may be more suitable for the treatment of mixed density CSDH.

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA)at"Baihui(GV 20),""Pishu(BL 20),"and"Zusanli(ST 36)"on the learning and memory functions of rats with Alzheimer's disease(AD)induced by Aβ1-42.Additionally,the mechanism of EA in treating AD was explored from the perspective of the inflammatory cascade mediated by the NF-κ B/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.Methods A rat model of Alzheimer's disease was established by bilateral injection of Aβ1-42 solution into the C1 region of the hippocampus.According to the random number table method,32 male SPF-grade rats were divided into four groups(n=8 per group):a sham-operated group,a model group,an electroacupuncture(EA)group,and a Western medicine group(donepezil hydrochloride).The EA group received electroacupuncture at the"Baihui","Pishu",and"Zusanli"acu-points;the Western medicine group received donepezil hydrochloride via gavage.After the treatment period,Morris water maze experiments were conducted to evaluate learning and memory abilities.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to examine morphological changes in hippocampal tissues.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to measure serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β.Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to assess the co-expression levels of NF-κB p65,NLRP3,and Caspase-1 proteins in the hippocampal region.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,rats in the post-modeling group exhibited significantly prolonged escape latency(P<0.05),reduced crossings of the original platform location,and decreased time spent in the target quadrant(P<0.05).Additionally,nuclear morphology was altered,neurons surrounding the hippocampus displayed necrosis,vacuolar degeneration,and chromatin marginalization.Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were elevated(P<0.05),and protein expression levels as well as fluorescent positivity for NF-κB p65,NLRP3,and caspase-1 in the hippocampus were increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,rats in both the EA and Western medicine groups showed a trend toward shorter escape latency(P<0.05),increased crossings of the original platform location and time spent in the target quadrant(P<0.05).Cell structures were largely intact,with only a few nuclei showing slight irregularities and some chromatin accumulation at the edges.Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were reduced(P<0.05),and protein expression levels and fluorescence positivity for NF-κB p65,NLRP3,and caspase-1 in the hippocampus were also decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion EA enhances the learning and memory capabilities of AD rats,potentially by downregulating the NF-κ B/NLRP3/Caspase-1+signaling+pathway and decreasing the release of neuroinflammatory factors,thereby alleviating cognitive dysfunction in AD rats.

Objective:To conduct evidence synthesis on disease communication between parents and their minor children from the perspective of parents with cancer, so as to provide information for clinical healthcare providers to deliver improved health education to patients and their children.Methods:Computer retrieval was implemented in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from January 1, 2000 to March 6, 2025. The literature was assessed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. The JBI aggregative integration method was employed for the Meta-synthesis.Results:A total of nine articles were included. Thirty-two results were extracted, divided into ten categories, and integrated into five results, namely willingness to communicate illness, factors influencing communicating willingness, disease communication strategies, supporting children's coping, and perceptions of illness information.Conclusions:Disease communication between cancer parents and their minor children is influenced by multiple factors and exhibits complex diversity. Healthcare providers should fully understand and accurately recognize the distinct approaches of parents with cancer, offering guidance, advice, and encouragement whenever possible, and should dynamically provide timely medical support and assistance tailored to the evolving needs of patients throughout different stages of their disease treatment.