To evaluate the therapeutic effect of baicalein topical preparation on atopic dermatitis, we first constructed two atopic dermatitis-like mouse models induced by calcipotriol and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to assess their therapeutic effect with skin tissue staining and other experiments. It was found that topical preparation of baicalein could alleviate epidermal thickening of diseased skin tissues, repair damaged skin barrier proteins, and inhibit T helper 2 cells (Th2) infiltration and mast cell infiltration and activation in lesional sites. Cyberpharmacology was utilized to analyze whether baicalein could treat atopic dermatitis by interfering with multiple pathogenesis-associated pathways. Results indicated that baicalein reduced the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and STAT1 proteins in keratinocyte cells. Together, the topical preparation of baicalein may be effective in alleviating atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by down-regulating the phosphorylation level of NF-κB in keratinocytes, thereby decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors in keratinocytes, which provides an idea and a theoretical basis for the topical preparation of baicalein for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

Objective Through visual analysis of literatures related to the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis(CGN),the research hotspots and trends in this field were discussed.Methods Relevant literatures from CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed from 2010 to 2024 were retrieved,and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software.Results A total of 8887 articles in Chinese and 117 articles in English were included.The countries,institutions and authors who published most were China,the Affiliated Hospital for Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Wang Yiping.The research hotspots mainly focued on therapeutic drugs and clinical efficacy,and the research trend tended to be the treatment mechanism.Conclusion To further strengthen collaboration among different countries,institutions and authors,and to delve deeper into the mechanistic studies of CGN,will effectively promote the research progress in this field.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in Xi′an city from 2021 to 2023.Methods:Collected clinical cases of HFMD, epidemiological information and samples were obtained. The specimens were tested by the real-time RT-PCR for enterovirus A71(EVA71), CVA16, CVA6 and CVA10, respectively. The VP1 regions of CVA6 were amplified and sequenced, MEGA X was used for phylogenetic analysis.Results:From 2021 to 2023, a total of 1 393 HFMD samples were collected, 1 106 (79.40%, 1 106/1 393) of which were positive for enteroviruses. The proportions of EVA71, CVA16, CVA6 and CVA10 were 0.45% (5/1 106), 16.64% (184/1 106), 72.42% (801/1 106) and 2.17% (24/1 106). A total of 801 HFMD cases tested positive for CAV6, including 783 mild cases and 18 severe cases, mainly in children aged ≤5 years (86.02%, 689/801), with a male/female ratio of 1.49∶1. The composition ratio of CVA6 infection differed with year(χ 2=332.62, P<0.01), and the highest composition ratio of CVA6 was in 2023 (91.01%, 638/701). The nucleotide and amino acid similarities in the VP1 region of Xi′an strains of CVA6 were 92.4%-99.8% and 98.3%-100.0%, respectively. Compared with the CVA6 prototype strain(Gdula), the nucleotide and amino acid similarities in the VP1 region of Xi′an strains were 82.2%-84.0% and 95.4%-96.0%, respectively, and there were 18 amino acid mutations in different degrees. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of VP1 region sequences, the CVA6 strains in Xi′an city from 2021 to 2023 belonged to D3a subtype, and could be divided into two clusters with 18 strains in cluster 1 while two strain in cluster 2. Conclusions:The sub-genotype D3a of CVA6 is the predominant virus causing HFMD in Xi′an city from 2021 to 2023, and there are two transmission chains. The monitoring and prevention of CVA6 should be strengthened.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs174575 and rs2845574 in the fatty acid desaturase 2 ( FADS2) gene and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods:A total of 1 514 pregnant women who visited West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2021, were enrolled in this study. Among them, 583 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group), and 931 had normal pregnancies (control group). The SNPs rs174575 and rs2845574 in the FADS2 gene were analyzed using Sanger DNA sequencing. Plasma levels, insulin (INS), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels were measured using enzymatic methods, chemiluminescence and immunoturbidimetry. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of the West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University (Ethics No. 2020-036). Results:① The main type of genotype at the rs174575 C/G and rs2845574 C/T polymorphic sites were CC in both GDM and control groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between the GDM and control groups regarding the genotype frequencies or allele frequencies of rs174575 and rs2845574 sites ( P>0.05). ② Among the GDM group, individuals with the GG genotype at the rs174575 site had lower plasma HDL-C levels compared to those with the CC genotype ( P<0.05), and had higher atherogenic indices (AI) than CC and CG genotype ( P<0.05; P<0.05). Individuals with the TT genotype at the rs2845574 site had higher AI than CT genotype ( P<0.05). Among the control group, individuals with the GG genotype had lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared to those with the CC genotype ( P<0.05). ③ Additional subgroup analysis demonstrated that the rs174575 polymorphism was associated with AI levels in obesity subgroup of GDM, TG levels in non-obese subgroup of control and DBP levels in obese subgroup of control ( P<0.05; P<0.05; P<0.05). Conclusion:The FADS2 rs174575 and rs2845574 polymorphisms in GDM patients were associated wit HDL-C and AI levels, and the FADS2 rs174575 polymorphisms was also associated with DBP levels in normal pregnant women. The AI and DBP levels have BMI-dependent effect.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of blinatumomab in the first-line and second-line treatment of pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).Methods:A multi-center retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical data from 323 pediatric B-ALL patients treated with blinatumomab across 14 hospitals in China from May 2021 to July 2023. Patients were divided into four groups based on the treatment phase and disease status when blinatumomab was used: relapsed/refractory group, post-consolidation minimal residual disease (MRD)-positive group, early MRD-positive group, and MRD-negative group. Blinatumomab for the relapsed/refractory group was considered as second-line treatment, while the other 3 groups as first-line treatment. The MRD negativity rate after treatment, the survival rates and the incidence of severe adverse events were compared across these groups. Patients who received blinatumomab for more than 7 days were included in the efficacy analysis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-Rank test was used to compare the survival rates among groups.Results:Among the 323 patients, 191 (59.1%) were male, with the age of 6.2 (3.9, 10.5) years. There were 117 patients in the relapsed/refractory group, 62 cases in the post-consolidation MRD-positive group, 43 cases in the early MRD-positive group, and 101 cases in the MRD negative group. In the relapsed/refractory group, the complete remission rate and MRD negativity rate after one course of blinatumomab were 71.4% (35/49) and 81.5% (75/92) for the 49 children without complete remission and the 92 children with flow cytometry-positive MRD, respectively. In the post-consolidation MRD-positive group, the MRD negativity rates after one course of blinatumomab were 100.0% (27/27), 12/16 and 9/19 for patients with MRD positivity detected by flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, respectively. In the early MRD-positive group, the MRD negativity rates were 96.7% (29/30) and 9/9 for flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing, respectively. The 2-year overall survival rate and event-free survival rate for the 319 children evaluable for efficacy were (90.6±1.7)% and (87.6±1.9)%, respectively, with the relapsed/refractory group showing significantly lower overall survival rates and event-free survival rate compared to the other groups ( χ2=21.40, 26.21,both P<0.001). Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 128 cases (39.6%), with hematological toxicity observed in 101 cases, while cytokine release syndrome (CRS), infection, and neurotoxicity occurred in 11, 26 and 8 cases, respectively. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in the grade 3 or higher CRS among the four groups ( χ2=8.03, P<0.05). Conclusion:Blinatumomab can clear MRD more effectively and achieve superior survival outcomes when used as first-line treatment for pediatric B-ALL, with less CRS.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs174575 and rs2845574 of the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: A total of 1 514 pregnant women who visited West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2021 were enrolled in this study. Among them, 583 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group), and 931 had normal pregnancies (control group). The SNPs rs174575 and rs2845574 of the FADS2 gene were analyzed using Sanger DNA sequencing. Plasma levels of insulin (INS), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) were measured using enzymatic methods, chemiluminescence and immunoturbidimetry. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University (Ethics No.: 2020-036). RESULTS: The main genotype at the rs174575 C/G and rs2845574 C/T loci were CC in both GDM and control groups. No significant difference was found between the GDM and control groups regarding the genotypic or allelic frequencies of rs174575 and rs2845574 sites (P > 0.05). Among the GDM group, individuals with the GG genotype at the rs174575 site had lower plasma HDL-C levels compared to those with the CC genotype (P < 0.05), and had higher atherogenic indices (AI) compared with the CC and CG genotype (P < 0.05; P < 0.05). Individuals with the TT genotype at the rs2845574 site had higher AI compared with the CT genotype (P < 0.05). Among the control group, individuals with the GG genotype had lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared to those with the CC genotype (P < 0.05). Additional subgroup analysis demonstrated that the rs174575 polymorphism was associated with AI levels in obesity subgroup of GDM, TG levels in non-obese subgroup of control and DBP levels in the obese subgroup of control (P < 0.05; P < 0.05; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The FADS2 rs174575 and rs2845574 polymorphisms in GDM patients are associated wit HDL-C and AI levels, and the FADS2 rs174575 polymorphisms was also associated with DBP levels in normal pregnant women. The AI and DBP levels have a BMI-dependent effect.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Fatty Acid Desaturases/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Adult ; Diabetes, Gestational/blood* ; Blood Pressure/genetics* ; Lipids/blood* ; Genotype ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease

Objective To analyze the current status of knowledge,attitude,and behavior?(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding iodine contrast agent allergic reactions in medical institutions in China and the influencing factors,to provide reference for the treatment of iodine contrast agent allergic patients.Methods A questionnaire survey on iodine contrast agent allergic reactions was conducted among doctors and pharmacists in China using a self-designed questionnaire.The questionnaire was distributed online via WeChat and the participants were anonymous and voluntary.The scores of knowledge,attitude,and behavior of medical staff of different genders,departments,and titles were statistically analyzed.Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results A total of 105 doctors and pharmacists from 19 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities participated in the survey,completing 105 valid questionnaires.The knowledge score(out of 4 points),attitude score(out of 3 points),and behavior score(out of 3 points)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions were 2(1,2)points,1(0,2)points,and 1(1,2)points,respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that job title is a factor affecting the knowledge score.Compared to those with primary and below titles,senior title doctors and pharmacists had higher knowledge scores(P=0.007).Educational level is a influence factor affecting the attitude score.Compared to those with undergraduate and below educational levels,doctors and pharmacists with doctoral degrees had more positive attitudes(P=0.011).Attitude score is a influence factor affecting the behavior score,the more positive the attitude,the more positive the behavior(P=0.015).Conclusion The knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions need to be strengthened.Training should be conducted for doctors and pharmacists,taking into account the KAP differences among individuals with different job titles and educational levels,to enhance knowledge levels and actively explore safe and effective desensitization treatment methods for patients with contrast agent allergies.The use of iodinated contrast agents should be rationalized while ensuring patient safety.

Moloney leukemia virus 10(MOV10)gene knockout(MKO)mouse neuro 2a(N2a)cell lines was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9)gene editing technology.First,a recombinant plasmid pMD18T-U6-sgRNA expressing MOV10 gene-specific guide RNA(sgRNA)was constructed,and then pMD18T-U6-sgRNA and pMJ920-Cas9-eGFP were co-transfected into N2a.The results showed that the MKO N2a cell line had normal cell activity and cell proliferation ability.The infection test of the MKO N2a cell line was carried out using the rabies virus(RABV)and vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)of the Rhabdoviridae family.The results showed that the replication level of the Rhabdoviridae virus in the MKO N2a cell line was significantly enhanced.The results showed that a MKO N2a cell line was successfully constructed in this study,which provided a preliminary basis for the exploration of the biological function and antiviral mechanism of MOV10 and the develop-ment of a recombinant viral vector vaccine with RABV/VSV as the vector.

Moloney leukemia virus 10(MOV10)gene knockout(MKO)mouse neuro 2a(N2a)cell lines was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9)gene editing technology.First,a recombinant plasmid pMD18T-U6-sgRNA expressing MOV10 gene-specific guide RNA(sgRNA)was constructed,and then pMD18T-U6-sgRNA and pMJ920-Cas9-eGFP were co-transfected into N2a.The results showed that the MKO N2a cell line had normal cell activity and cell proliferation ability.The infection test of the MKO N2a cell line was carried out using the rabies virus(RABV)and vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)of the Rhabdoviridae family.The results showed that the replication level of the Rhabdoviridae virus in the MKO N2a cell line was significantly enhanced.The results showed that a MKO N2a cell line was successfully constructed in this study,which provided a preliminary basis for the exploration of the biological function and antiviral mechanism of MOV10 and the develop-ment of a recombinant viral vector vaccine with RABV/VSV as the vector.

Objective To analyze the current status of knowledge,attitude,and behavior?(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding iodine contrast agent allergic reactions in medical institutions in China and the influencing factors,to provide reference for the treatment of iodine contrast agent allergic patients.Methods A questionnaire survey on iodine contrast agent allergic reactions was conducted among doctors and pharmacists in China using a self-designed questionnaire.The questionnaire was distributed online via WeChat and the participants were anonymous and voluntary.The scores of knowledge,attitude,and behavior of medical staff of different genders,departments,and titles were statistically analyzed.Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results A total of 105 doctors and pharmacists from 19 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities participated in the survey,completing 105 valid questionnaires.The knowledge score(out of 4 points),attitude score(out of 3 points),and behavior score(out of 3 points)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions were 2(1,2)points,1(0,2)points,and 1(1,2)points,respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that job title is a factor affecting the knowledge score.Compared to those with primary and below titles,senior title doctors and pharmacists had higher knowledge scores(P=0.007).Educational level is a influence factor affecting the attitude score.Compared to those with undergraduate and below educational levels,doctors and pharmacists with doctoral degrees had more positive attitudes(P=0.011).Attitude score is a influence factor affecting the behavior score,the more positive the attitude,the more positive the behavior(P=0.015).Conclusion The knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions need to be strengthened.Training should be conducted for doctors and pharmacists,taking into account the KAP differences among individuals with different job titles and educational levels,to enhance knowledge levels and actively explore safe and effective desensitization treatment methods for patients with contrast agent allergies.The use of iodinated contrast agents should be rationalized while ensuring patient safety.