Objective: To explore the effects of parenting style on emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) of preschool children and to provide theoretical reference for promoting children s physical and mental health. Methods: In October-November 2021, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 3 575 preschool children aged 3-6 years from 12 kindergartens in Hefei. Data on parenting styles and children s EBPs were collected through electronic questionnaires. Binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the effects of parenting styles on children s EBPs. Results: The detection rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems, and prosocial behavior problems were 15.5% ( n =554), 23.2% ( n =830), 22.4% ( n =802), 38.2% ( n =1 367), and 29.5% ( n =1 055) in preschool children, respectively. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates such as child s age, sex, and preterm birth, a high authoritative parenting style reduced the risk of EBPs in children ( OR =0.29-0.78), while a high authoritarian ( OR =1.36-2.15) and high permissive ( OR =1.36-1.68) parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs in children (all P <0.05). Further stratified analysis indicated that among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritative, high authoritarian, or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritative parenting style in mothers reduced the risk of peer interaction problems and prosocial behavior problems ( OR =0.51, 0.30 ; 0.44, 0.23; 0.51, 0.29, all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting a high authoritative parenting style, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of emotional problems ( OR =2.59), and both high authoritarian and high permissive parenting styles in mothers increased the risk of conduct problems ( OR =3.25, 2.09) and hyperactivity problems ( OR =2.35, 2.87) (all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritarian or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs ( OR =1.65-2.71, 1.62-2.52, all P <0.05). Conclusion Parenting style is an important factor affecting EBPs of preschool children, and appropriate parenting style is beneficial for children s psychological development.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the efficacy of DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy for management of cancer pain and provide reference for its standardized clinical application. Methods and. RESULTS: Recommendations were formulated based on literature review and expert group discussion, and consensus was reached following expert consultation. The consensus recommendations are comprehensive, covering the entire treatment procedures from preoperative assessment and preparation, surgical operation process, postoperative management and traditional Chinese medicine treatment to individualized treatment planning. The study results showed that the treatment plans combining traditional Chinese with Western medicine effectively alleviated cancer pain, reduced the use of opioid drugs, and significantly improved the quality of life and enhanced immune function of the patients. Postoperative follow-up suggested good treatment tolerance among the patients without serious complications. CONCLUSIONS The formulated consensus is comprehensive and can provide reference for clinicians to use DSA-guided intrathecal drug delivery system combined with Zi Wu Liu Zhu Acupoint Therapy. The combined treatment has a high clinical value with a good safety profile for management of cancer pain.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Cancer Pain/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Pain Management/methods* ; China

Objective To conduct a scoping review of research on the application of mobile health(mHealth)in the management of home enteral tube feeding,so as to provide references for future research and clinical practice.Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,CINAHL,CNKI,Wanfang,and CMB databases to identify relevant studies.The search period spanned from the establishment of databases until February 18,2024.According to the scoping review framework,2 researchers independently screened the studies,extracted the data of the included studies,and collaborated on the final analysis.Results A total of 24 studies were included.9 studies were conducted with interventions based on nursing models such as discharge planning model,"Hospital to Home"nutrition management model,guided care nursing model.The management forms included application,network communication software,and website.The content elements included education,assessment,consultation,referral,self-management,electronic health archive,appointment service,peer support.The outcome indicators included patients'physical and mental health,self-management ability,caregiver competence,family burden and user assessment.Conclusion The mHealth has played a positive role in the management of home enteral tube feeding.In the future,it is recommended to establish a multidisciplinary team to conduct high-quality research and continuously improve the form and content of mHealth management.

Objective:To sort out the development context of precision nursing and compare and analyze the advantages and shortcomings in this field at home and abroad, so as to provide reference for the development of precision nursing in China.Methods:Through Web of Science core collection and CNKI database, literature related to precision nursing at home and abroad from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2022 was retrieved. CiteSpace software was used to draw a scientific knowledge map for visualization analysis.Results:A total of 509 literatures in Chinese and 1 037 literatures in English were detected, and the annual number of publications showed a significant upward trend since 2015. The high-yielding institutions were mostly located in the United States, and the distribution of domestic institutions was relatively dispersed. From the perspective of research hotspots and frontiers, foreign research focused on health promotion and disease prevention research oriented by biological information, while Chinese research focused on individualized nursing research oriented by patient needs.Conclusions:In recent 10 years, the research of precision nursing in China has developed rapidly, but relatively speaking, the depth and breadth of its research still need to be improved. Chinese research should learn from the experience of foreign precision nursing practice and explore the mode of precision nursing that conforms to national conditions in China.

Objective:To systematically review the risk prediction model for vaginal delivery failure in low-risk primiparas, so as to provide reference for clinical practice and future research.Methods:Literature on the risk prediction model for vaginal delivery failure in low-risk primiparas was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science and so on. The search period was from the establishment of the database to September 20, 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, involving 14 models. Twelve models were constructed using Logistic regression, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models ranged from 0.680 to 0.847. Common predictive factors of the model involved age of pregnant woman, height of pregnant woman, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, gestational week, fetal birth weight, induction method, fetal biological measurements, and pre-delivery cervical Bishop score.Conclusions:The predictive performance of the vaginal delivery failure risk prediction model for low-risk primiparas is good, but the model construction method is relatively simple, and the overall bias risk is high. The model needs to be further optimized through machine learning, artificial intelligence, and other means, and extensively validated externally.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of 5-Aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) combined with human interferon α-2β in the treatment of condyloma acuminatum (CA) and its impacts on serum T-cell subsets, chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels. Methods A total of 86 patients with CA were enrolled and randomly divided to control group (treated with ALA-PDT alone) and observation group (treated with ALA-PDT combined with human interferon α-2β), with 43 patients in each group. Clinical efficacy, changes in serum T-cell subsets, CCL19, and MMP-3 levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Adverse reactions during treatment were recorded. Patients were followed up for 6 months to record the number of warts and recurrence rate. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the observation group were significantly elevated compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, serum CCL19 levels increased, while MMP-3 levels decreased in the observation group post-treatment compared to the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate and the number of average recurrent warts were significantly higher in the control group than in the observation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of ALA-PDT and human interferon α-2β exhibits remarkable efficacy in the treatment of CA, which can effectively regulate serum T-cell subset levels, reduce MMP-3 levels, enhance CCL19 levels, and demonstrates good safety.

Objective:To investigate the long-term follow-up results and the risk factors of bleeding among very elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).Methods:A total of 177 patients with NVAF admitted in Beijing Hospital from January 2016 to July 2016 were enrolled in the study, including 107 very elderly patients (aged≥80 years) and 70 elderly patients (aged 65-80 years). The demographic information, comorbid diseases, lifestyles, antithrombotic therapy, thromboembolism risks, bleeding risks, and medical history were documented. Patients were followed up for 5 years and the events of death, thromboembolism, bleeding and major bleeding were recorded.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of thromboembolic events between the two groups (15.9%(17/107) vs. 14.3%(10/70), P>0.05). The proportions of bleeding events and severe bleeding events in the very elderly group were higher than those in the elderly group (45.8%(49/107) vs.10.0%(7/70), 14.0%(15/107) vs. 1.4%(1/70), both P<0.05). According to the bleeding events during follow-up, very elderly patients were divided into bleeding group ( n=49) and non-bleeding group ( n=58). Compared with the non-bleeding group, patients in the bleeding group had an older age, a higher proportion of chronic cardiac insufficiency, chronic kidney disease, malignant tumor, bleeding history and higher bleeding risk score (HAS-BLED score) (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that age, HAS-BLED score, history of bleeding, and complicated malignant tumor were independent risk factors for bleeding events in very elderly patients with NVAF (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Very elderly patients with NVAF have a similar risk of thromboembolism compared with the younger elderly, but have significantly higher risk of the bleeding and major bleeding. Age, HAS-BLED score, bleeding history, and malignant tumor are independent risk factors for bleeding events in very elderly NVAF patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the regulatory effect of berberine on autophagy and apoptosis balance of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from patients with in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore the mechanism. METHODS: The inhibitory effect of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 μmol/L berberine on RA-FLS proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 method. Annexin V/PI and JC-1 immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the effect of berberine (30 μmol/L) on apoptosis of 25 ng/mL TNF-α- induced RA-FLSs, and Western blotting was performed to detect the changes in the expression levels of autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins. The cells were further treated with the autophagy inducer RAPA and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine to observe the changes in autophagic flow by laser confocal detection of mCherry-EGFP-LC3B. RA-FLSs were treated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mimic H₂O₂ or the ROS inhibitor NAC, and the effects of berberine on ROS, mTOR and p-mTOR levels were observed. RESULTS: The results of CCK-8 assay showed that berberine significantly inhibited the proliferation of RA-FLSs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry and JC-1 staining showed that berberine (30 μmol/L) significantly increased apoptosis rate (P < 0.01) and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of RA-FLSs (P < 0.05). Berberine treatment obviously decreased the ratios of Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05) and LC3B-II/I (P < 0.01) and increased the expression of p62 protein in the cells (P < 0.05). Detection of mCherry-EGFP-LC3B autophagy flow revealed obvious autophagy flow block in berberine-treated RA-FLSs. Berberine significantly reduced the level of ROS in TNF-α-induced RA-FLSs and upregulated the expression level of autophagy-related protein p-mTOR (P < 0.01); this effect was regulated by ROS level, and the combined use of RAPA significantly reduced the pro-apoptotic effect of berberine in RA-FLSs (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Berberine can inhibit autophagy and promote apoptosis of RA-FLSs by regulating the ROS-mTOR pathway.
Humans ; Synoviocytes ; Berberine/metabolism* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism* ; Sincalide/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Fibroblasts ; Autophagy ; Cells, Cultured

Objective: To explore the relationship and gender difference between family rearing styles with emotional and behavior problems in preschool children aged 3-6 years, so as to provide reference for early prevention and intervention of children s emotional and behavior problems. Methods: Using the method of stratified cluster sampling, 9 647 children aged 3-6 years old from 36 kindergartens in Wuhu, Lu an and Fuyang of Anhui Province were selected in June 2021. Primary caregivers were investigated with self designed questionnaire, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parents version) and Parental Rearing Style Scale. Results: The detection rate of elevated SDQ total difficulty score was 6.5%, with boys (7.1%) higher than that of girls (5.8%). The detection rate of abnormal emotional behavior were significantly higher in children with high scores on doting, laissez faire, autocracy and inconsistency of family rearing style, compared with those in the low score group ( χ 2=210.32, 203.87, 102.70, 212.69, P <0.01 ), and the detection rate increased with the increase of score. However, the detection rate of abnormal emotional behavior in the high score group of democracy was significantly lower than that in the low score group ( χ 2=156.24, P <0.01), and the detection rate decreased with the increase of score. Logistic regression analysis showed that high level doting ( OR =4.31), laissez faire ( OR = 4.16), autocracy ( OR =3.36) and inconsistency ( OR =4.76) of family rearing style were associated with high risk of children s emotional behavior problems, while high level of democracy ( OR =0.34) in family rearing style was associated with low risk of emotional behavior problems. The comparison between boys and girls showed that the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the indulgent rearing style of boys was significantly higher than that of girls ( OR =1.90, 2.13) ( P <0.05). Conclusion Family rearing styles are associated with emotional and behavioral problems among preschool children. Boys are sensitive to the negative impact of doting rearing style. Good rearing styles is beneficial to the prevention and control of children s emotional and behavioral problems.

Objective:To investigate the incidence, neuroimaging features, and related factors for asymptomatic cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)in the elderly population.Methods:A total of 201 elderly people with no neurological disease history who had undergone brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examination from October 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled.We calculated the total CSVD score for each participant based on lacunar infarcts(LIs), white matter hyperintensities(WMH), enlarged perivascular spaces(EPVS), and cerebral microbleeds(CMBs)(0-4 points).CSVD neuroimaging features and the correlation between CSVD markers and clinical variables were analyzed.Results:In this study, 133 cases(66.2%)showed MRI features consistent with CSVD.Of whom, LIs were present in 44(21.9%), high-grade PVWMH in 88(43.8%), high-grade DWMH in 30(14.9%), basal ganglia EPVS in 61(30.3%), and CMBs in 92(45.8%).Total CSVD burden score( OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.045-3.364, χ2=4.441, P=0.035), PVWMH( OR=2.821, 95% CI: 1.517-5.244, χ2=10.752, P=0.001), DWMH( OR=2.130, 95% CI: 1.108-4.092, χ2=5.145, P=0.023), and EPVS( OR=3.258, 95% CI: 1.675-6.334, χ2=12.129, P=0.000)were associated with hypertension.Total CSVD burden score, PVWMH, DWMH, EPVS, and CMB were correlated with increasing age( P<0.05).LIs was positively correlated with PVWMH( b=0.231, P=0.001), DWMH( b=0.247, P=0.000)and EPVS( b=0.215, P=0.001).There was a positive relationship between PVWMH and DWMH( b=0.546, P=0.000)as well as EPVS( b=0.388, P=0.000).DWMH was also positively correlated with EPVS( b=0.357, P=0.000)and CMB( b=0.177, P=0.009). Conclusions:The incidence of asymptomatic CSVD is high in the elderly population.The total CSVD score is a useful measure to evaluate asymptomatic cerebral small vessel disease in the elderly population.Neuroimaging features of asymptomatic CSVD are mainly correlated with age and hypertension.