Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of CT-fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and fat attenuation index (FAI) based on artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic software in coronary artery stenosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients clinically suspected of coronary artery syndrome who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography at Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital between June 2021 and May 2025. Patients were divided into two groups according to scanning protocols: group A underwent conventional retrospective electrocardiography-gated scanning, while group B used Flash_ChestPlin mode. Invasive coronary angiography data served as the gold standard for diagnosing vascular stenosis (stenosis rate<50% defined as negative group, ≥50% with clinical symptoms as positive group). Radiation dose was compared between the two scanning protocols. The diagnostic efficacy of CT-FFR, pericoronary FAI, and transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) based on artificial intelligence system for coronary stenosis was analyzed, including sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). Results A total of 567 vessels from 189 patients were analyzed, including 105 males, 84 females with a mean age of (62.5±12.3) years and a mean body mass index of (24.21±3.5) kg/m2. There were 112 patients in the group A and 77 patients in the group B. The radiation dose in the group B was significantly lower than that in the group A [69.7 (58.1, 84.1) mGy·cm vs. 420.4 (338.6, 514.2) mGy·cm, P<0.001]. Significant differences in FAI and CT-FFR were observed between negative and positive groups under both scanning protocols (P<0.05), while no significant difference existed in TAG (P>0.05). In the group A, the AUC values for diagnosing stenosis were 0.925 for CT-FFR, 0.615 for FAI, and 0.516 for TAG. Corresponding values in the group B were 0.889, 0.677, and 0.548 respectively, with CT-FFR demonstrating optimal diagnostic performance. Conclusion Under both conventional scanning and Flash scanning, the artificial intelligence-based CT-FFR demonstrates good diagnostic performance for coronary artery stenosis, and the Flash protocol significantly lowers radiation dose, indicating substantial potential for clinical application.

Objective: To analyze the space time characteristics of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu, in order to provide the reference for formulating myopia prevention and control policies for students. Methods: The data relating to poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023 were sourced from the Sichuan Students Physical Health Big Data Center. The districts and counties of Chengdu were divided into three circles, including the main urban area, suburban districts and counties, and suburban districts and counties. The Chi square test was used for inter group comparison, and the Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the trend of changes. Global and local Moran s I were used to analyze spatial clustering. Results: The detection rates of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023 were 62.47%, 61.61% and 60.78%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend ( Z=-32.01, P <0.01). For each year, the higher detection rate of poor vision among students was detected in the higher level of education, and differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=161 549.47, 173 471.87, 233 459.09, P <0.01). The rate of poor vision among primary and secondary school students gradually decreased from the central districts and counties of Chengdu to the surrounding districts and counties for each year, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=299.20, 776.22, 633.16, P <0.01). The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the first circle of Chengdu City was mainly characterized by high-high agglomeration ( P <0.01), with the rate of poor vision among primary school students in Wuhou District in 2023 exhibiting a low-high anomaly. The third circle was mainly characterized by low-low aggregation ( P <0.01), while the spatial clusterings of the second circle was not significant ( P >0.05). Conclusions The myopia prevention and control work in Chengdu has achieved preliminary results. It should continue to consolidate existing achievements and implement targeted myopia prevention and control measures based on regional characteristics.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of baicalin on gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)rats.Methods A GDM rat model was induced by a high-fat high-glucose diet combined with Streptozotocin(STZ)Injection.Forty modeled successfully rats were randomly divided into model group,Metformin group,low-and high-dose baicalin group and high-dose baicalin+ML385[nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)inhibitor]group,with 8 rats in each group,in addition,the normal group(8 healthy rats)was set up.After group intervention,fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels were measured.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were detected.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)in liver tissue were measured.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),and interleukin 6(IL-6).Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe liver histopathological changes.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in rat liver tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed significantly increased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).HE staining of liver tissue revealed disordered cell arrangement and extensive cell degeneration and necrosis.Compared with the model group,the Metformin group,high-dose baicalin group,and high-dose baicalin+ML385 group showed significantly decreased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The structure of liver sinusoids improved,and necrotic cells were reduced.Compared with the low-dose baicalin group,the high-dose baicalin group showed significantly decreased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The structure of liver sinusoids improved,and necrotic cells were reduced.Compared with the high-dose baicalin group,the high-dose baicalin+ML385 group showed a reversal in the above indicators(P＜0.05).Conclusion Baicalin can alleviate oxidative stress injury in GDM rats by activating Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.

Objective:To investigate the causes of anemia in newborns delivered by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected mothers.Methods:This was a retrospective study. Forty-two newborns delivered by HIV infected mothers during January 2010 and May 2019 in Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were selected. According to the hemoglobin levels of newborns on the days of their birth, newborn cases were divided into two groups, anemia group and non-anemia group. The clinical data including gestational ages, birth weight, maternal anemia status during pregnancy, using of antiviral drugs during pregnancy, percentages of HIV RNA positivity in early pregnancy/pre-treatment and before delivery, maternal percentage of different CD4 + T lymphocyte counts in early pregnancy/pre-treatment and before delivery between two groups were compared. The efficacies of relative indicators for prediction of anemia in newborns were evaluated by the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Differences between groups were compared by chi-square test. Results:Among 42 cases of newborns, 14 cases were in anemia group and 28 cases in non-anemia group. There were no statistical differences in gestational ages, birth weight, maternal anemia status during pregnancy and positive percentage of HIV RNA before delivery between two groups ( χ2=2.211, 1.025, 1.362 and 3.783, respectively, P=0.283, 0.763, 0.181 and 0.092, respectively). In anemia group, 11 mothers took zidovudine during pregnancy, which was 12(42.86%) in non-anemia group. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.359, P=0.037). Eight cases of mothers with HIV RNA positive in early pregnancy/pre-treatment in the anemia group, which was 11(39.29%) in the non-anemia group. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.490, P=0.011). The number of CD4 + T lymphocyte count ≤500/μL was 13 in early pregnancy/pre-treatment in anemia group, which was 20(71.43%) in the non-anemia group. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=16.396, P<0.01). The number of CD4 + T lymphocyte ≤0.28 was 13 in early pregnancy/pre-treatment in the anemia group, which was 19(67.86%) in the non-anemia group ( χ2=19.908, P<0.01). The number of CD4 + T lymphocyte count ≤500/μL was 14 before delivery, which was 15(53.37%) in the non-anemia group ( χ2=9.536, P=0.008). The number of CD4 + T lymphocyte ≤0.28 before delivery was 14 in anemia group, which was 15(53.37%) in the non-anemia group ( χ2=9.750, P=0.006). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve results, the AUROC, optimal cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of CD4 + T lymphocyte count before delivery in predicting neonatal anemia were 0.708, 476.0/μL, 100.0% and 50.0%, respectively. The AUROC, optimal cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of maternal CD4 + T lymphocyte percentage before delivery in predicting neonatal anemia were 0.719, 0.275, 100.0% and 53.6%, respectively. Conclusion:Low CD4 + T lymphocyte level in HIV-infected mothers before delivery, HIV positive in early pregnancy/pre-treatment and using of zidovudine during pregnancy may be associated with neonatal anemia.

Objective:To explore the changes and its significance in the expression of serum microRNA-324-5p (miR-324-5p) in patients with depression treated by agomelatine combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).Methods:A total of 122 patients with depression treated in the Qingdao Mental Health Center from March 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects (depression group), and another 50 healthy people who had health check-ups during the same period were included in the control group. After the combined treatment of agomelatine and HBO, the patients were divided into effective group ( n=91) and ineffective group ( n=31) based on the clinical efficacy. The expression level of miR-324-5p was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the efficacy of miR-324-5p was predicted by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The relationship between miR-324-5p and clinical efficacy was analyzed by logistic regression, and the dose-response relationship between miR-324-5p and the clinical efficacy was analyzed by logistic regression with restriction cubic splines. Results:The relative expression levels of miR-324-5p in both groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment; the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the ineffective group was lower than that in the effective group; and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM), the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the effective group after treatment was higher than that before treatment; the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the ineffective group was lower than that in the effective group; and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Hamilton depression scale (HADM) score was an independent risk factor for the clinical efficacy of depression ( P<0.05), and post-treatment miR-324-5p was an independent protective factor for the clinical efficacy of depression ( P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve, the optimal cut-point, sensitivity, and specificity of the ROC curve predicting the clinical efficacy of miR-324-5p were 0.778 (95% CI: 0.589-0.908), 0.72, 53.33%, and 100.00%, respectively. After treatment, miR-324-5p was associated with the clinical efficacy of depression ( χ2=9.26, P=0.026), demonstrating a non-linear relationship ( χ2=8.24, P=0.016). Taking the optimal cut-point of miR-324-5p after treatment predicting the clinical efficacy of depression as a reference point, the risk of treatment ineffectiveness was high when post-treatment miR-324-5p was less than 0.72, the risk of treatment ineffectiveness was low when post-treatment miR-324-5p was higher than 0.72. Conclusion:The relative low expression of miR-324-5p in patients with depression after agomelatine combined with HBO treatment is related to poor clinical efficacy.

Objective:To explore the changes and its significance in the expression of serum microRNA-324-5p (miR-324-5p) in patients with depression treated by agomelatine combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).Methods:A total of 122 patients with depression treated in the Qingdao Mental Health Center from March 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects (depression group), and another 50 healthy people who had health check-ups during the same period were included in the control group. After the combined treatment of agomelatine and HBO, the patients were divided into effective group ( n=91) and ineffective group ( n=31) based on the clinical efficacy. The expression level of miR-324-5p was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the efficacy of miR-324-5p was predicted by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The relationship between miR-324-5p and clinical efficacy was analyzed by logistic regression, and the dose-response relationship between miR-324-5p and the clinical efficacy was analyzed by logistic regression with restriction cubic splines. Results:The relative expression levels of miR-324-5p in both groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment; the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the ineffective group was lower than that in the effective group; and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM), the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the effective group after treatment was higher than that before treatment; the relative expression level of miR-324-5p in the ineffective group was lower than that in the effective group; and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Hamilton depression scale (HADM) score was an independent risk factor for the clinical efficacy of depression ( P<0.05), and post-treatment miR-324-5p was an independent protective factor for the clinical efficacy of depression ( P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve, the optimal cut-point, sensitivity, and specificity of the ROC curve predicting the clinical efficacy of miR-324-5p were 0.778 (95% CI: 0.589-0.908), 0.72, 53.33%, and 100.00%, respectively. After treatment, miR-324-5p was associated with the clinical efficacy of depression ( χ2=9.26, P=0.026), demonstrating a non-linear relationship ( χ2=8.24, P=0.016). Taking the optimal cut-point of miR-324-5p after treatment predicting the clinical efficacy of depression as a reference point, the risk of treatment ineffectiveness was high when post-treatment miR-324-5p was less than 0.72, the risk of treatment ineffectiveness was low when post-treatment miR-324-5p was higher than 0.72. Conclusion:The relative low expression of miR-324-5p in patients with depression after agomelatine combined with HBO treatment is related to poor clinical efficacy.

Five new sulfur-enriched alkaloids isatithioetherins A-E (-), and two pairs of scalemic enantiomers (+)- and (-)-isatithiopyrin B ( and ) and isoepigoitrin and isogoitrin and ), along with the known scalemic enantiomers epigoitrin and goitrin ( and ), were isolated and characterized from an aqueous extract of the roots. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 2D NMR and theoretical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra based on the quantum-mechanical time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Compounds - represent a novel group of sulfur-enriched alkaloids, biogenetically originating from stereoselective assemblies of epigoitrin-derived units. Isolation and structure characterization of and support the postulated biosynthetic pathways for the diastereomers and a rare thio-Diels-Alder reaction. Compounds and showed antiviral activity against the influenza virus A/Hanfang/359/95 (H3N2, IC 0.60 and 1.92 μmol/L) and the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1, IC 3.70 and 2.87 μmol/L), and also inhibited Coxsackie virus B3 (IC 0.71 μmol/L).

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between methylation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene promoter and its placenta-specific expression and fetal macrosoma.

METHODSOne hundred twenty nine healthy pregnant women were recruited between April 2011 and March 2012. Baseline data were collected with self-report questionnaires. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the expression of IGF-1 mRNA in the placenta. Methylation level of the IGF 1 gene was determined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.

RESULTSThe expression of IGF-1 in placenta and its methylation level showed no significant difference between macrosomic fetuses and controls. No linear correlation was found between IGF-1 mRNA expression and methylation level of IGF-1 promoter (r=0.128, P=0.295). IGF-1 promoter region in placenta showed a hypomethylation status. However, a positive correlation was found between IGF-1 expression and birth weight below 4260 g (r=0.264, P=0.022). The expression of IGF-1 mRNA was significantly higher in those with a birth weight below 4260 g, which suggested that placental IGF-1 expression may contribute to increased birth weight. In regard to fetal overgrowth, however, there seemed to be a negative correlation in which placental IGF-1 expression was downregulated to limit fetal overgrowth.

CONCLUSIONNo linear correlation was found between placental IGF-1 expression and methylation level of IGF-1 promoter with a hypomethylation status. The contribution of placental IGF-1 expression to birth weight is bidirectional. Increased expression seems to promote fetal growth, while decreased expressions may curb overgrowth, therefore control fetal growth in a relatively normal range.

Birth Weight ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; Placenta ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare the enzyme kinetic characters of psoralen (PRN)and isopsoralen(IPRN)in rat and human liver microsomes. METHODS PRN and IPRN in liver microsomes incubates were determined using LC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetic and metabolic stability of PRN and IPRN were investigated by employing the optimized rat and human liver microsomes incubations. The Vmax and Km values were calculated using the nonlinear regression method. RESULTS The quanti?tative method showed good linearity within the range of 0.1-50.0 μmol · L-1 and was suitable for the assay in biological samples. The in vitro elimination was linear with the substrate concentrations lower than 1 μmol,the protein concentration within 0.5 g · L-1,and the incubation time within 40 min. The t1/2 values of PRN and IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were 74.5,95.0,74.5 and 173.3 min, respectively. The Vmax values of PRN in rat and human liver microsomes were(1.140±0.080)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,(0.620±0.060)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,while Km values of PRN in rat and human liver microsomes were (12.9 ± 0.3)μmol · L- 1,(7.4 ± 1.3)μmol · L- 1,respectively. The Vmax values of IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were(0.251±0.012)and(0.103±0.014)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,while Km values of IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were (3.0 ± 0.4)μmol · L-1,(3.4 ± 0.7)μmol · L-1,respectively. CONCLUSION The enzyme kinetic characters and metabolic stability of PRN and IPRN show species and chemical structures related differences. Interestingly,the metabolic eliminations of PRN and IPRN are similar in rats. However,the metabolic elimination of IPRN in humans involved in CYP enzymes may be much slower than that of PRN.

Objective To determine the clinical value of the multi-slice spiral CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE) for the detection of biliary pancreatic junction lesions. Method MSCT and virtual endoscopic reconstruction were performed in 30 healthy volunteers, 18 cases of common bile duct stones and 7 cases of ampullary carcinoma to observe patterns of duodenal papilla and measure its size.Results Reconstructed image of CTVE showed that the normal duodenal papilla was nodular in 16,shaped like "V" in 8 "Y-shaped" in 6 of the healthy volunteers. Its diameter was (0.84±0.17)cm. In the patients with common bile duct stones, it was nodular and its diameter (1.72±0.32)cm. In the patients with ampullary cancer, it was of irregular protruded type and its diameter (2.30±0.85)cm.There was significant difference among the 3 groups in the overall mean values (P＜0.01). Conclusion CTVE is a convenient, non-invasive and precise clinical examination to observe the shape of duodenal papilla and determine its size.