ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Notoginsenoside R1 （NGR1） ameliorates hypoxia/reoxygenation （H/R）-induced injury in AC16 human cardiomyocyte cell lines through the regulation of mitophagy. MethodsCommon genes linked to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury and mitophagy were identified by intersecting data from GeneCards and MitoCarta databases. AC16 cell viability was assessed via CCK-8 assay under varying NGR1 concentrations （0， 6.25， 12.5， 25， 50， 100， 200， 300， 400， 500 μmol/L）. AC16 cells were divided into the following groups： control group （Control）， model group （H/R）， and treatment groups （H/R + NGR1 at 100， 200 and 300 μmol/L）. Mitochondrial membrane potential （ΔΨm） was measured using 5，5'，6，6'-tetrachloro-1，1'，3，3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide （JC-1） staining. Transcriptional levels of mitophagy-related genes （Parkin， Pink1， P62） were quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR）. Protein expression of mitophagy-related markers （Parkin， Pink1， P62， and LC3BⅡ） was evaluated via Western blot analysis. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was visualized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. ResultsCompared to the control group， cell viability in the H/R group significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Treatment with NGR1 at concentrations above 100 μmol/L significantly enhanced the cell viability of AC16 cells compared to the H/R group （P<0.01）. H/R induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential （P<0.01）， which was restored by NGR1 treatment （P<0.01）. The mRNA levels of Parkin， Pink1， and P62 in the H/R group were upregulated compared to the control group （P<0.05）， while NGR1 intervention downregulated their expression （P<0.05）. Protein expression levels of Parkin， Pink1， and LC3BⅡ in the H/R group significantly increased， while P62 expression decreased compared to the control group （P<0.01）. In contrast， different doses of NGR1 treatment significantly reduced the expression of Parkin， Pink1， and LC3BⅡ while increasing P62 expression （P<0.05）. TEM revealed that the mitochondrial structure in the H/R group was severely disrupted， with fragmented and disorganized cristae， which was alleviated by NGR1. ConclusionNGR1 ameliorates H/R-induced AC16 cell injury， and its mechanism may be associated with modulating the Pink1/Parkin pathway to suppress excessive mitophagy.

Allergic conjunctivitis is a common ocular inflammatory disease, with intense itching being the most typical and distressing symptom for patients. In recent years, with the in-depth study of the interaction between the nervous and immune systems, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanism of itching in allergic conjunctivitis. This review elaborates on the neurobiological basis of itching in allergic conjunctivitis, with a focus on the complex dialogue between immune cells and sensory neurons, particularly the core role of the IL-33-ST2-CGRP signaling axis in mediating itching. Additionally, this article introduces new findings in genetic susceptibility research, including the identification of susceptibility genes for allergic conjunctivitis through transcriptome-wide association studies. The sensory nervous system not only transmits itch signals but also actively participates in the formation of antigen channels related to conjunctival goblet cells, thereby regulating the local uptake of allergens and the initiation of the immune response. Moreover, targeted novel therapeutic strategies offer hope for patients with refractory allergic conjunctivitis. Exploring the molecular and cellular mechanisms of itching in allergic conjunctivitis will provide a theoretical basis for the development of more effective treatment methods.

Objective·To evaluate the relationships between disc-condyle distance and anterior disc displacement,as well as between disc-condyle distance and disc morphology,in patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMD)using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ).Methods·From September 2023 to March 2024,90 patients(180 TMJs)who visited the TMJ clinic of Department of Stomatology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,with clinical symptoms of TMD and were diagnosed via MRI with either anterior disc displacement or no significant displacement,were included.Clinical data were collected,and MRI images were used to measure the angle of disc displacement,disc-condyle distance,disc length,and thickness.The degree of disc deformation was assessed.The relationships between clinical symptoms and anterior disc displacement,between anterior disc displacement and both disc morphology and disc-condyle distance,and between disc-condyle distance and disc morphology were analyzed.Results·Among the 90 patients,there were 16 males and 74 females,with a mean age of(28.1±14.5)years.Among the 180 TMJs,175 had clinical symptoms and 5 were asymptomatic.There were 40 joints with no displacement,78 with reducible anterior disc displacement,and 62 with irreducible anterior disc displacement.In the joints with irreducible anterior disc displacement,the proportion of those with two or more symptoms was slightly higher at 62.9%,but the difference was not statistically significant compared with the joints with no displacement or reducible anterior disc displacement.MRI assessment revealed that in the joints with irreducible anterior disc displacement,the proportion of disc deformation type Ⅲ or higher was significantly higher compared with the non-displaced joints(P<0.001).The disc length was significantly shorter(P<0.001),and the intermediate zone thickness was significantly greater(P<0.001)compared with the non-displaced joints.The disc displacement angles at centric closure and maximum opening were also significantly larger(P<0.001).The disc-condyle distance was 3.10(2.70,3.70)mm for non-displaced joints,3.40(3.00,4.00)mm for joints with reducible anterior disc displacement,and 6.60(4.78,7.90)mm for joints with irreducible anterior disc displacement,with significant differences(P<0.001).The disc-condyle distance was 3.10(2.80,3.60)mm for type Ⅰ discs,3.70(3.10,4.60)mm for type Ⅱ discs,5.10(4.00,7.30)mm for type Ⅲ discs,and 6.80(4.98,8.20)mm for type Ⅳ/Ⅴ discs,with significant differences(P<0.001).The disc-condyle distance was negatively correlated with disc length(rs=-0.469,P<0.001),positively correlated with intermediate zone thickness(rs=0.319,P<0.001),and positively correlated with disc displacement angle at centric closure(rs=0.626,P<0.001).Conclusion·With increasing severity of disc deformation,intermediate zone thickness,and disc displacement angle at centric closure,as well as decreasing disc length,the disc-condyle distance increases.The disc-condyle distance is an important indicator for MRI assessment of pathological changes in TMD.

Objective To explore the relationship between hemorheology and Carotid Atherosclerosis.Methods The clinical data of 153 patients who underwent both hemorheological testing and carotid artery ultrasound were divided into a CAS group(n=96)and a non-CAS group(n=57)based on ultrasound findings.Clinical data and laboratory indicators were compared between two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of CAS.The ROC curves graph were drawn to observe the role of hemorheological indicators in predicting CAS and select the optimal cutoff value based on the maximum Youden index.Results The CAS group demonstrated higher levels in age,BMI,RBC aggregation index,low&high shear reduced viscosity of whole blood,plasma viscosity and fibrinogen compared to the non-CAS group(P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that plasma viscosity(OR=38.270,95%CI:1.206～1214.508),age(OR=1.119,95%CI:1.065～1.176)were risk factors for the occurrence of CAS(P<0.05).The ROC curves showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of plasma viscosity and age were 0.623、0.728.Conclusion CAS patients have high levels of plasma viscosity and advanged age compared to the patient without CAS.Elevated plasma viscosity and age is a risk factor for CAS,with plasma viscosity≥1.46 mPa·s,over the age of 56.5 as a significant value for predicting CAS.

Purpose To investigate the cortical thickness features in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients at various stages and their association with dopamine transporter(DAT)levels in the putamen.Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 30 PD patients and 15 healthy subject who underwent 11C-CFT PET and T1 MRI scans at the Department of Nuclear Medicine/PET Center of Huashan Hospital from August 2016 to October 2020.DAT average radioactivity in the anterior and posterior putamen was analysis using SPM12 software,with the occipital lobe as the reference region.Cortical segmentation and reconstruction were performed on T1 images using Freesurfer v7.2.The differences in cortical thinning between the groups were compared using a general linear model.Additionally,the relationship between cortical thickness in various brain regions and DAT uptake in the putamen were assessed.Results Compared to healthy subjects,significant cortical thinning was observed in the left inferior parietal lobule and the right and left inferior middle frontal gyrus of PD patients(all P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the cortical thickness of the left inferior parietal lobule and right inferior middle frontal gyrus and DAT uptake in the corresponding anterior/posterior parts of the putamen(r=0.30-0.47,all P<0.05).Furthermore,the DAT uptake in the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the ipsilateral posterior putamen,exhibiting a stronger correlation than on the contralateral side(r=0.32,P=0.029).Conclusion The results show that the thickness of the thinning cortex area in the PD patients correlates significantly positively with DAT levels in the putamen,highlighting the importance of the basal ganglia cortical circuit and providing a basis for further research into the neural mechanisms of PD.

Objective To explore the relationship between hemorheology and Carotid Atherosclerosis.Methods The clinical data of 153 patients who underwent both hemorheological testing and carotid artery ultrasound were divided into a CAS group(n=96)and a non-CAS group(n=57)based on ultrasound findings.Clinical data and laboratory indicators were compared between two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of CAS.The ROC curves graph were drawn to observe the role of hemorheological indicators in predicting CAS and select the optimal cutoff value based on the maximum Youden index.Results The CAS group demonstrated higher levels in age,BMI,RBC aggregation index,low&high shear reduced viscosity of whole blood,plasma viscosity and fibrinogen compared to the non-CAS group(P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that plasma viscosity(OR=38.270,95%CI:1.206～1214.508),age(OR=1.119,95%CI:1.065～1.176)were risk factors for the occurrence of CAS(P<0.05).The ROC curves showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of plasma viscosity and age were 0.623、0.728.Conclusion CAS patients have high levels of plasma viscosity and advanged age compared to the patient without CAS.Elevated plasma viscosity and age is a risk factor for CAS,with plasma viscosity≥1.46 mPa·s,over the age of 56.5 as a significant value for predicting CAS.

Purpose To investigate the value of intratumoral and different ranges of peritumoral radiomics features of the primary lesion of breast cancer based on ultrasound images in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis(ALNM),and to explore the best peritumoral range.Materials and Methods A total of 312 cases confirmed by pathology in breast cancer patients with preoperative ultrasound images from June 2022 to February 2024 in Binzhou Medical University Hospital were retrospectively enrolled,and were randomly divided into training set and testing set according to the 7∶3 proportion.The tumor border of the ultrasound images was manually delineated as the intratumoral region of interest,and the peritumoral region of interest was obtained by conformal automatically extended different range(1,2,3,4 and 5 mm).The radiomics features were screened.Based on the selected optimal radiomics features,random forest classifier was used to construct three types of radiomics models(intratumoral model,5 peritumoral models,and 5 intratumoral+peritumoral models).The performance and clinical practicability of the models was assessed the area under the curve(AUC)and decision curve analysis.Results The AUCs of the intratumoral+peritumoral radiomics models for predicting ALNM in the training set and test set were 0.807-0.873,0.728-0.780,respectively,which were superior to those of the single intratumoral radiomics models(0.822,0.758)and peritumoral radiomics models(0.722-0.768,0.650-0.710).The intratumoral+peritumoral 3 mm radiomics model showed the best predictive performance,with AUC of 0.873 in the training set and 0.780 in the test set,respectively,and the decision curve showed that the model had a good clinical net benefit.Conclusion The combined intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features of the primary lesion of breast cancer based on ultrasound images can effectively predict ALNM,and 3 mm peritumoral may be the best peritumoral range for predicting ALNM.

Purpose To investigate the value of intratumoral and different ranges of peritumoral radiomics features of the primary lesion of breast cancer based on ultrasound images in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis(ALNM),and to explore the best peritumoral range.Materials and Methods A total of 312 cases confirmed by pathology in breast cancer patients with preoperative ultrasound images from June 2022 to February 2024 in Binzhou Medical University Hospital were retrospectively enrolled,and were randomly divided into training set and testing set according to the 7∶3 proportion.The tumor border of the ultrasound images was manually delineated as the intratumoral region of interest,and the peritumoral region of interest was obtained by conformal automatically extended different range(1,2,3,4 and 5 mm).The radiomics features were screened.Based on the selected optimal radiomics features,random forest classifier was used to construct three types of radiomics models(intratumoral model,5 peritumoral models,and 5 intratumoral+peritumoral models).The performance and clinical practicability of the models was assessed the area under the curve(AUC)and decision curve analysis.Results The AUCs of the intratumoral+peritumoral radiomics models for predicting ALNM in the training set and test set were 0.807-0.873,0.728-0.780,respectively,which were superior to those of the single intratumoral radiomics models(0.822,0.758)and peritumoral radiomics models(0.722-0.768,0.650-0.710).The intratumoral+peritumoral 3 mm radiomics model showed the best predictive performance,with AUC of 0.873 in the training set and 0.780 in the test set,respectively,and the decision curve showed that the model had a good clinical net benefit.Conclusion The combined intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features of the primary lesion of breast cancer based on ultrasound images can effectively predict ALNM,and 3 mm peritumoral may be the best peritumoral range for predicting ALNM.

Purpose To investigate the cortical thickness features in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients at various stages and their association with dopamine transporter(DAT)levels in the putamen.Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 30 PD patients and 15 healthy subject who underwent 11C-CFT PET and T1 MRI scans at the Department of Nuclear Medicine/PET Center of Huashan Hospital from August 2016 to October 2020.DAT average radioactivity in the anterior and posterior putamen was analysis using SPM12 software,with the occipital lobe as the reference region.Cortical segmentation and reconstruction were performed on T1 images using Freesurfer v7.2.The differences in cortical thinning between the groups were compared using a general linear model.Additionally,the relationship between cortical thickness in various brain regions and DAT uptake in the putamen were assessed.Results Compared to healthy subjects,significant cortical thinning was observed in the left inferior parietal lobule and the right and left inferior middle frontal gyrus of PD patients(all P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the cortical thickness of the left inferior parietal lobule and right inferior middle frontal gyrus and DAT uptake in the corresponding anterior/posterior parts of the putamen(r=0.30-0.47,all P<0.05).Furthermore,the DAT uptake in the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the ipsilateral posterior putamen,exhibiting a stronger correlation than on the contralateral side(r=0.32,P=0.029).Conclusion The results show that the thickness of the thinning cortex area in the PD patients correlates significantly positively with DAT levels in the putamen,highlighting the importance of the basal ganglia cortical circuit and providing a basis for further research into the neural mechanisms of PD.

The quality and teaching level of clinical teaching staff are important factors affecting the training quality of newly recruited nurses, and strengthening the construction of the teaching staff team is the key to ensuring the training quality. This article reviews the relevant contents of the clinical teaching staff training project for newly recruited nurses at home and abroad, including training contents, training duration, training forms, achieved results, and deficiencies. Countermeasures are proposed for the existing problems, aiming to provide referential ideas for constructing a unified teaching staff training program for newly recruited nurses in China.