BACKGROUND:Epigenetics,as an important regulation mode of gene expression network,has been proved to play an important role in the occurrence and development of aortic aneurysm mediated by vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling. OBJECTIVE:To review the epigenetic regulation mechanism underlying vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling during the occurrence and progression of aortic aneurysm. METHODS:Related articles published from 1970 to 2022 were retrieved from PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI databases.The keywords were"Aortic aneurysm,Vascular smooth muscle,Smooth muscle cells,Epigenetic,DNA methylation,Histone modification,Non coding RNA"in English and Chinese.Ultimately,we included 71 articles for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Epigenetic modification can influence the occurrence and progression of aortic aneurysm by targeting vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling and extracellular matrix degradation.Targeted epigenetic modification can play a key role in aortic aneurysm treatment,delaying the disease and improving the prognosis.Epigenetic related enzymes,such as DNA methylesterases and histone-modifying enzymes,can influence the progression of aortic aneurysm by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell remodeling,including cell proliferation,migration and apoptosis,and can be used as targets for drug therapy.The research of epigenetic modification on aortic aneurysm is still in the basic research stage and some epigenetic modification mechanisms have not yet been explored.With the development of medical research,targeted epigenetic modification is expected to achieve new breakthroughs in the treatment of aortic aneurysm and clinical transformation.

Objective:To investigate the correlation among physical activity,mild depressive symptoms and frontal alpha power asymmetry in college students.Methods:Seventy college students with mild depressive symp-toms who conformed to the standard of the Self-Rating Scale for Depression(SDS)of 53-62 and 70 normal col-lege students were recruited.The frontal alpha power was measured under quiet and closed-eye state,and the total physical activity(PA)was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.Results:The college students with mild depressive symptoms had lower Total PA scores,right frontal alpha power and frontal alpha a-symmetry(FAA)than the normal controls(P＜0.001).In college students with mild depressive symptoms,the to-tal PA scores(r=-0.29,P＜0.05)and FAA(r=-0.41,P＜0.001)were negatively correlated with SDS scores,and the total PA scores were positively correlated with FAA(r=0.34,P＜0.01).Conclusion:The college students with mild depressive symptoms may have reduced physical activity and asymmetric right lateralization of frontal alpha power.There is a correlation among depressive symptoms,physical activity and frontal alpha power a-symmetry in college students with mild depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVE To establish fingerprints and multi-components determination of Jieze lotion, and use chemometrics methods for quality evaluation. METHODS The HPLC-DAD fingerprints was established and 10 components were recognized by comparison with references. Meanwhile, their contents were determined. The data were evaluated by the methods of chemometrics such as similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. RESULTS The similarity of 11 batches of Jieze lotion were all >0.95. The linearity was good(r≥0. 999 1) and the average recoveries were between 89.70% and 106.0% with the RSD of 1.52%−3.41%. Instrument precision, stability and reproducibility of the method were all great. The contents of the common ten components(gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caftaricacid, 5-O-feruloylquinicacid, chlorogenic acid, phellodendrine chloride, magnoflorine, 4-O-feruloylquinic acid, berberinehydrochloride) were 40.103−55.841, 2.347−6.179, 8.336−23.810, 7.084−21.956, 33.098−53.833, 24.597−49.610, 21.587−31.188, 5.915−13.162, 115.381−189.702, 31.378−112.686 μg·mL−1, respectively. The results of chemometrics showed that the 11 batches of samples could be divided into 4 categories, and the strong characteristic peaks used to distinguish each batch of samples were berberine hydrochloride, 4-O-feruloylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and 5-O-feruloylquinic acid. CONCLUSION The method is accurate and reliable, and it can be used for the quality control and comprehensive evaluation of Jieze lotion.

Tongue diagnosis is an important method of TCM diagnosis and treatment.Tongue is the key link of auxiliary diagnosis of tongue feature extraction and processing,and also is the bottleneck of intelligent tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine.Using image processing,artificial intelligence technology to the tongue as a quantitative and identify characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine,looking for both conforms to the original thinking of TCM,and TCM tongue diagnosis method of accurately,has become a common concern of traditional Chinese medicine and computer field.From the mobile terminal tongue as auxiliary diagnostic system of traditional Chinese medicine tongue acquisition basic attribute,tongue diagnosis and image information building,tongue like features are required for accurate extraction and so on related key technology is analyzed,and build overall architecture,so as to provide technical reference for the tongue like intelligent diagnosis,promote the development of technology of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine modernization.

OBJECTIVE To study the intervention effects of Wenshen Tongluo Zhitong Recipe(WTZR)on macrophage senes-cence and senile osteoporosis.METHODS The senescent macrophage model was established using hydrogen peroxide(H2 O2)and subsequently divided into four groups:control,model,low-dose drug-treated serum,and high-dose drug-treated serum.β-galactosidase staining,Western blot and qPCR were employed to evaluate the mRNA expression of senescence markers p21 and p53.ROS staining and JC-1 staining were applied to assess mitochondrial function in macrophages.The mRNA levels of Interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,CD206,and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were determined by qPCR analysis.Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate argi-nase(ARG1)and iNOS protein expressions for assessing the impact of drug-containing serum on macrophage polarization.qPCR analy-sis was conducted to measure osteocalcin(OCN),collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1(Col1a1),runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2)mRNA levels as osteoblast-related markers;ALP staining along with alizarin red staining were performed to evaluate the effect of macrophage conditioned medium treated with drug-containing serum on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell(BMSC)osteogenic differentiation.C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into four groups:control group,model group,WTZR low-dose group,and WTZR high-dose group.The senile osteoporosis(SOP)mouse model was established by D-galactose.Micro-CT scanning analyzed fe-mur microstructure while HE staining detected pathological changes in femur bone tissue samples collected from each experimental con-dition.Furthermore,Western blot was used to detect the senescence-related molecules p21 and p53 and the osteogenesis-related mark-ers OCN and Runx2,qPCR analysis measured tibial expression levels of senescence-related molecules(p21,p53)as well as macro-phage polarisation-related molecules(IL-6,iNOS,CD206,and IL-10)to assess the effect of this compound on a mouse model simula-ting SOP.RESULTS Following intervention with serum containing WTZR,there was a significant decrease in the number of senes-cent positive cells compared to the model group.Additionally,there was a notable decrease in p21 and p53 mRNA and proteins expres-sion(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Furthermore,drug-containing WTZR effectively inhibited ROS production induced by H2 O2 and mitigated mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in macrophages(P＜0.05,P＜0.001).Treatment with drug-containing WTZR re-sulted in down-regulated mRNA expression of M1-related gene iNOS(P＜0.05)while up-regulating mRNA expression of M2-related genes CD163 and CD206(P＜0.05).The drug-containing WTZR significantly reduced fluorescence intensity for iNOS(P＜0.01)while increasing ARG1(P＜0.05)fluorescence intensity.Moreover,conditioned medium from macrophages treated with drug-containing ser-um increased ALP positive cell count(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),alizarin red positive area(P＜0.05),as well as Col1a1,Runx2 and OCN mRNA expression levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The Tb.N,BMD,and BV/TV were significantly higher in the WTZR group compared to the model group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001);meanwhile,Tb.Sp was notably lower than that observed in the model group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);bone trabeculae were significantly improved,increased in number and widened.Additionally,the compound could significantly inhibit the D-galactose induced up-regulation of tibial senescence-related genes and proteins p21 and p53(P＜0.05,P＜0.001,P＜0.0001),promote the expression of osteogenesis-related markers OCN and Runx2 protein(P＜0.01,P＜0.0001),promote the down-regulation of M1 related genes IL-6 and iNOS(P＜0.05),and promote the expression of M2 related genes IL-10 and CD206(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Wenshen Tongluo Zhitong Recipe may play an anti-osteoporosis effect by inhibiting macrophage senescence and promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSC.

Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent and deadliest malignancies worldwide.Despite significant strides in targeted therapies and immunotherapy for lung cancer,curing the disease remains a highly prioritized issue.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),recently discovered RNA molecules characterized by covalently closed loop structures,possess features such as structural stability,sequence conservation,and disease-specific expression.Cutting-edge medical research has linked circRNA dysregulation to the progression of various cancers.Among these,circular RNA HIPK3(circHIPK3),an oncogenic gene primarily derived from the second exon of the HIPK3 gene,has emerged as a focal point of investigation.Increasing evi-dences suggest that circHIPK3 is involved in the development of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and other malignancies.Aberrant expression of circHIPK3 is closely associated with the disease mechanisms,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of NSCLC.This review discusses the latest research advancements on circHIPK3 in NSCLC,aiming to promote precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

Genicular nerve block is usually used for the treatment of chronic pain of knee osteoar-thritis,which can effectively relieve knee pain and preservemotor function.With the rapid development of ultrasound technology,ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block can improve the accuracy of nerve block and reduce block-related complications.This article reviews the research progress of ultrasound-guided genicular nerve block in three aspects:anatomy,operation methods and clinical application.

Objective To develop and validate a risk prediction model based on early platelet-related parameters for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),and to facilitate early identification and intervention in high-risk populations.Methods Clinical data of 291 preterm infants with a gestational age(GA)≤32 weeks or a birth weight(BW)＜1 500 g,admitted to the NICU,were retrospectively analyzed.Out of these,214 cases were selected as the modeling group.This group was further categorized into the BPD group(n=76)and the non-BPD group(n=138),based on whether they required oxygen therapy at 28 days post-birth.Perinatal data,platelet-related parameters and other indicators between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify BPD risk factors,followed by the construction of a nomogram.An additional cohort of 105 preterm infants with GA≤32 weeks or BW＜1 500 g,were used to validate the model.This cohort was divided into the BPD group(n=43)and the non-BPD(n=62)group.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and calibration curve were used to internally verify the efficiency of the prediction model.Results The Logistic regression analysis identified GA,BW,Apgar score at 5 minutes≤7,invasive ventilation,platelet count(PLT)and mean platelet volume(MPV)as significant factors in the model(P＜0.05).The constructed nomogram was formulated using R language,and the areas under the ROC curve(AUC)for the three models were 0.908,0.931 and 0.918,respectively(P＜0.05).The verification group was verified by Bootstrap.The calibration curve showed a good fit.The internal validation AUC values of the three models were 0.877,0.890 and 0.886,respectively.Conclusion GA,BW,invasive ventilation,Apgar score at 5 minutes≤7,MPV and PLT are key risk factors for BPD onset.The risk prediction model based on these indicators can effectively predict BPD,providing clinicians with a valuable tool for early detection and intervention in the development of BPD.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (nCPAP) as transitional breathing modes after evacuation from invasive ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP databases to search for all published literature before July 2022 on the treatment of NRDS with nHFOV and/or nCPAP after invasive ventilation and weaning. We compared the success rates of the evacuation , as well as the incidence of pneumothorax, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage between the nHFOV group and the nCPAP group in newborns who underwent invasive ventilation with NRDS.Results:A total of 7 randomized controlled studies were included, including 598 newborns diagnosed with NRDS who underwent tracheal intubation mechanical ventilation. The success rates of evacuating invasive ventilators for children in the nHFOV and nCPAP groups included in the article were calculated. The success rates of evacuating invasive ventilators for children in the two groups were 88.5%(231/261) and 66.5%(171/257), respectively. Compared with the nCPAP group, the success rate of evacuating invasive ventilators for children with NRDS in the nHFOV group was higher ( OR=3.93, 95% CI: 2.47-6.23, P<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, and pneumothorax between the two groups after weaning (all P>0.05). Conclusions:After weaning NRDS patients with invasive ventilation, nHFOV has a higher success rate in weaning compared to nCPAP, which is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the situation of drug use in medical institutions of Guangdong area from 2017 to 2022， and to provide reference for the production， sale and procurement of drugs by government departments， medical insurance departments， pharmaceutical enterprises， drug sales enterprises and hospitals. METHODS Using the retrospective analysis method， based on original data from Guangdong hospital information network from 2017 to 2022， statistical analysis was conducted on the drug procurement amount of 118 medical institutions that had been online for the past 6 years， as well as the distribution of 14 major categories of drugs among all purchased drugs by online medical institutions， and sales amount of drug production enterprises. RESULTS The drug procurement amount of 118 medical institutions that had been online in Guangdong area from 2017 to 2022 showed a growth-negative growth-slow growth trend. Among the 14 major categories of drugs， the top 5 drugs in the list of consumption sum were anti-infective drugs， cardiovascular drugs， nervous system drugs， anti-tumor drugs， and digestive system drugs； among the top 200 drugs in terms of procurement amount， three major categories of drugs， namely the anti-infective drugs， anti-tumor drugs and cardiovascular system drugs， occupied the main position. The top 10 drugs in the list of procurement amounts were mainly anti-tumor drugs and cardiovascular system drugs； foreign manufacturers occupied the top 3 places in the list of sales amounts in medical institutions of Guangdong area. CONCLUSIONS In Guangdong area， the growth of drug procurement amount in medical institutions is gradually slowing down， the usage of anti-infective drugs is still abundant， the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases need great attention， and foreign pharmaceutical companies are in a leading position in the sales amount of medical institutions.