Objective:To investigate the associated factors of depressive symptoms among patients with neo-plasms.Methods:Nationwide(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan),30 505 residents were selected by a combination of stratified sampling and quota sampling according to the proportion of the seventh national population census.Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),General Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),self-made questionnaire,and simplified perceived social support scale used to evaluate depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,behaviors,and perceived social support among patients with neoplasms.Results:Totally 359(1.2％)patients with self-repor-ted clinically diagnosed neoplasms were included,of which 151(42.1％)patients with malignant neoplasms and 208(57.9％)patients with benign neoplasms.The detection rate of depressive symptoms in patients with neo-plasms was 76.6％.Less than three days of walking for more than 10 minutes per day in the past week(OR=6.63),4-6 days of walking for more than 10 minutes per day in the past week(OR=5.00),the low(OR=4.80)or medium(OR=3.06)overall sleep quality,the lower perceived friend support(OR=4.66),and anxiety symp-toms(OR=1.74)among patients with neoplasms were risk factors for depressive symptoms.Conclusion:Patients with neoplasms generally might be at a high risk of depressive symptoms,especially for those patients with less ex-ercise,poor sleep quality,and low perceived social support.

Objective:Analyzing the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms in university freshmen,and the mediating effects of neuroticism and the moderating role of exercise frequency.Meth-ods:A sampling of 8 079 university freshmen,and the Patient Health Questionnaire was used to assess depressive symptoms,the Eysenck Personality Inventory-Neuroticism subscale to assess neuroticism,the self-administered questionnaire to assess the number of negative life events that the participants had experienced and the exercise fre-quency.Model 4 in the Process plug-in was used to test the mediating effect of neuroticism,and Model 7 to test the moderating role of exercise frequency.Results:The numbers of negative life events were positively correlated with the depressive symptoms scores(r=0.16,P＜0.01),and were positively correlated with the neuroticism scores(r=0.26,P＜0.01).The neuroticism scores were positively correlated with the depressive symptoms scores(r=0.52,P＜0.01).Neuroticism score partially mediated between negative life events and depressive symptoms score,with a mediating effect of 78.4％,and exercise frequency score moderated between negative life events and neuroti-cism scores(β=-0.05,P=0.032).Conclusion:Negative life events are associated with depressive symptoms,neuroticism plays a mediating role,and exercise frequency could moderate negative life events and neuroticism.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of chest CT imaging in differential diagnosis between common-type COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumonia (MP).Methods:From the January to February 2020, the clinical and imaging data of COVID-19 patients (diagnosed in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, the Fourth People's Hospital of Jining and the Second People's Hospital of Jining) and MP patients (diagnosed in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University) were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Forty-three patients with common-type COVID-19 (28 males, 15 females, 43±14 years old) and 50 patients with MP (19 males, 31 females, 37±14 years old) were enrolled as COVID-19 group and MP group, respectively. The clinical manifestations, laboratory results and chest CT findings of these two groups were analyzed and compared.Results:(1) Clinical manifestations: there were more patients with muscle ache and asthenia in COVID-19 group than in MP group (χ 2=5.110, 4.834, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in fever and cough between two groups (χ 2=0.378, 0.097, P>0.05). (2) Laboratory examination: the procalcitonin level of cases in COVID-19 group was significantly lower than that in MP group (χ 2=12.263, P=0.001). No significant difference was found in leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, C-reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( Z=-1.117, χ 2=2.410, 0.787, 0.800, all P>0.05) between two groups. (3) Chest CT findings bilateral lung involvement was found more in COVID-19 group than in MP group (χ 2=30.012, P<0.001); while the one lobe of ipilateral lung involvement was less in COVID-19 group than in MP group (χ 2=19.927, P<0.001); there was no significant difference in multiple lobes of ipilateral lung involvment between the two groups (χ 2=1.366, P>0.05). Ground glass, paving stone sign and air bronchus sign were found significantly more in COVID-19 group than in MP group (χ 2=30.171, 19.119, 9.790, all P<0.05); while the pulmonary consolidation, central lobular nodule and centripetal thickening of bronchus wall were found significantly less in COVID-19 group than in MP group (χ 2=25.450, 33.532, 48.553, all P<0.001). Conclusions:The clinical manifestations and laboratory examination have limited value in the differential diagnosis of common-type COVID-19 and MP, while chest CT imaging might be more valuable in the early differential diagnosis of these two diseases.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017. Methods: Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ² test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182). Conclusions The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.

Objective To observe the effect of core control training on gross motor function for children with cerebral palsy. Methods 40 cases were divided into 2 groups, 20 cases in each group. The control group accepted comprehensive rehabilitation, and the treatment group accepted core control training in addition. They were assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) before and 3 months after treatment. Results The score of GMFM-88 increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.001), and increased more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). The difference of GMFM-88 score was more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Core control training can improve gross motor function for the children with cerebral palsy.

Objective To construct profiles of health status based upon physical,mental and social support items in adult twins of Qingdao.Methods Grade of Membership(GoM) model was applied to a set of 31 indicators to construct ideal profiles.Results Four health profiles were identified: pure type Ⅰ(healthy),pure type Ⅱ(personality disorders),pure type Ⅲ(psychological symptoms) and pure type Ⅳ(physiological symptoms).The most frequently occurring combination in this population was profile Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅳ(14.74%),followed by profile Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ(13.44%),and then type Ⅰ(11.08%).Only 13.56% of subjects fell completely into one single pure type.Conclusions One healthy type and three non-healthy types are determined.Most individuals exhibit some of the characteristics of two or more types,holding partial membership in multiple categories.

The human venous valve of the brachial,femoral and long saphenous veins wereexamined with light,transmission and scanning electron microscopy.The observationshows that the venous valve is composed of three functional layers covered withendothelium on both surfaces.A loosely structured layer is located underlying theendothelium.A network mainly containing randomly oriented elastic fibers was foundnear the side towards the lumen.To the side towards the venous wall,there is adense layer composed of eircumferentially and transversly oriented collagen bundles.Some smooth muscle cells extend from the wall of the vein to the base of thevenous valve.The elastic fibers and smooth muscle cells together with the collagenfibers contribute to the mechanical load-bearing performance of the valve and to thepassive closing and openning mechanism.In addition,the smooth muscle cells mightplay an active role in the normal functioning of the valve.The scanning and transmission electron microscopy of venous valve showdifferent arrangement of the endothelium.On the surface of the valve next to the wallof the vein,the endothelial cells are transversely arranged,while on the othersurface over which the current of blood flows,the cells are longitudinally arrangedin the direction of the current.These accord with the role of fluid mechanics.12 normal venous valves were tested by universal testing instrument (Instrontype 1122).The mean value of the maximum tension of the valve is 1 N.Theaverage value of the tensile ultimate strength is 10N/mm~2.

Some anatomical aspects in application for the vein catheterization on the subclavian and other veins of the neck have been studied on 85 cadavers in Chinese adults.The subclavian vein measures 1.16cm in diameter and 3.76 cm in length. It lies 2 cm deep under the skin and muscles in the infraclavicular region. The angle between the vein and the clavicle is 38?. It usually lies behind the medial third of the clavicle and is separated from the subclavian artery, brachial plexus and the cupula of the pleura by the anterior scalenus muscle. This muscle is 1.19 cm in width and 0.37 cm in thickness, much thinner than the thickness mentioned in the previous literature. The distance from the origin of the subclavian vein to the opening of the superior vena cava into the right atrium is 13.85 cm on the right, and 16.36 cm on the left.The diameter of the internal jugular vein and its topographical relationship to the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle were also observed. The internal jugular vein is 1.26 cm in diameter, and lies under the clavicular head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in 58.75%, between the two heads of this muscle in 41.25%.The external jugular vein measures 0.63cm in diameter, but its location and termination are more variable.The application of these data in vein catheterization was also discussed in this article.

The contents of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid(DOPAC), in both striata were determined with HPLC-EC technique in each of 28 albino rats, which were divided into 3 groups (bilateral lesioned, unilateral lesioned and healthy control groups). Among the unilateral lesioned rats, three indices such as DA, HVA/DA and DOPAC/DA in the lesioned striata were 22.27％, 420.00％ and 199.75％ of those of the intact striata, respectively. This suggests that there may be an enhanced compensatory DA release in the striatum ipsilateral to the lesion of the rat. Having compared the lesioned striata of unilateral lesioned rats with those of bilateral lesioned animals, and the intact striata of unilateral lesioned rats with those of the control ones, we did not find any significant differences in DA, HVA/DA or DOPAC/DA. The result implies that the compensatory DA release in the lesioned striatum probably accounts for the mechanism of the ipsilateral nigrostriatal system, not for the crossed nigrostriatal fibers.

The veins on the dorsum of the foot have been dissected and observed on 200cases of the Chinese adult lower extremities.The great saphenous vein is the chief draining vessel of the hallux,the toes andthe skin of the dorsum of the foot.The position and the tributaries of this vessel areconstant.Its diameter ranges from 1.9 to 5.0mm,with an average of 3.2mm.The dorsal venous arch is usually single(93%),double arches are seen in 6%,and absent in 1%.According to the form of reflux,the dorsal venous arch may begrouped into five types.In the most common type,the arch is continuous withthe great saphenous vein and the anterior malleolar branch of the small saphenousvein(49.5%).The dorsal metatarsal veins usually drain directly into the dorsal venous arch.Some of the neighboring dorsal metatarsal veins may drain through a commontrunk.The perforating veins on the dorsum of the foot may be divided into threedifferent groups:the anterior malleolar,marginal and intermetatarsal group.Thelatter usually drains into the dorsal venous arch at the base of the first intermeta-tarsal space.The valves of the superficial veins on the dorsum of the foot were also observed.There is no valve in the lateral part of the dorsal venous arch,but there may beone or two valves in its most medial part(66.7%).It appears that the venousblood from the first metatarsal vein usually drains into the great saphenous vein.