Objective To investigate the clinical effect of cranial electrotherapy stimulation （CES） combined with music intervention on insomnia and its effect in improving cognitive function. Methods A total of 75 patients with insomnia were randomly divided into control group with treatment-as-usual （TAU） alone，CES+double beat+TAU group， and CES+pink noise+TAU group， with a sample size of 1∶1∶1 for the three groups. Sleep onset latency （SL）， total sleep time （TST）， and sleep quality were analyzed before and after treatment， and the Go/NoGo paradigm for the assessment of cognitive function was used to assess the effect of CES combined with music intervention in improving cognitive function. Results As for the treatment of insomnia， the experimental groups had significant changes in sleep quality （PSQI and SRSS） （P<0.05） and a significant reduction in sleep latency （P<0.05）after treatment， with a significantly higher reduction rate than the control group. As for cognitive function， there was a reduction in the latency of Go-N2 and Go-P3 and an increase in amplitude in the patients with insomnia after CES combined with music intervention， as well as reductions in the latency and amplitude of NoGo-N2 and NoGo-P3. Conclusion CES combined with music intervention can safely and effectively shorten sleep latency and improve sleep quality and cognitive function.

Objective: To investigate the association between the CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ), to provide guidance for individualized drug dosing. Methods: Eighty-four epilepsy patients taking CBZ were included in this study. Their clinical data were recorded and CBZ serum concentrations were measured. The CYP3A5 6986 genetic polymorphism was assessed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) assay. Patients were divided according to genotype into CYP3A5 expressor (CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype and CYP3A5*1/*3 genotypes) and non-expressor groups (CYP3A5*3/*3). The two groups were compared for the total dose of CBZ, dose of CBZ/kg body weight, serum drug concentration, dose-corrected serum concentration, and standardized serum concentration. Results: The total dose of CBZ and the dose of CBZ/kg body weight was higher in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.043 and P = 0.014, respectively). The dose-corrected and standardized serum concentrations were lower in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was however, no signifi cant difference in serum drug concentration between the two groups (P = 0.487). Conclusions: There was a close relationship between CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine.