ObjectiveTo explore the effects of hypoxia on the migration ability of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells （hOPCs） and its regulatory mechanisms. MethodsBased on the variations in oxygen concentration within the culture system， three experimental groups were set up： the 21%O₂ group （normoxic control group）， the 5%O₂ group， and the 2%O₂ group. The migration ability of hOPCs under normoxia （21%O₂）， 5%O₂， and 2%O₂ conditions was detected through the Transwell migration assay. RT-qPCR， transcriptome sequencing， and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression changes of genes and proteins such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha （HIF-1α） and chemokine （C-X-C Motif） receptor 4 （CXCR4）. Bioinformatics analysis was combined to analyze the KEGG pathways related to migration， so as to explore the effects of different oxygen concentrations on the migration ability of hOPCs and their possible mechanisms. ResultsHypoxia treatments at concentrations of 5%O₂ and 2%O₂ could both promote the in vitro migration of hOPCs， and the promoting effect of migration was more significant at the 2%O₂ concentration （P<0.001）. After hypoxia treatment， the mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α， CXCR4， etc. in hOPCs significantly increased （P<0.001）. Compared with the 5%O₂ concentration， the expression of CXCR4 in cells was higher at the 2%O₂ concentration （P<0.000 1）. Flow cytometry analysis detection showed that the expression of CXCR4 increased significantly after hypoxia treatment （P<0.01）， and with the decrease of oxygen concentration， its expression level further increased （P<0.000 1）. Ordinary transcriptome sequencing analysis indicated that hypoxia treatment could activate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the Axon guidance pathway. ConclusionHypoxia treatment can enhance the in vitro migration ability of hOPCs， and this effect is negatively correlated with the oxygen concentration. Its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the expression of genes such as HIF-1α and CXCR4， and the activation of the migration related signaling pathway including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and axon guidance pathway.

Objective To predict the potential distribution area of Halenia elliptica under current and future climate conditions;To provide a foundation for the sustainable utilization and cultivation of H.elliptica resources.Methods Based on 116 occurrence records and 36 environmental variables,this study employed correlation analysis and contribution rates to identify 10 key environmental factors of H.elliptica.The MaxEnt model,combined with Geographic Information Systems(GIS),was used to predict the potential suitable areas for H.elliptica under current and different future climate scenarios,and centroid shift analysis was performed using SDM_toolbox.Results The MaxEnt model predicted accurately,with an area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of 0.968.Altitude,annual precipitation and mean temperature of the coldest season were identified as the primary influencing factors.The current suitable area for H.elliptica was approximately 176.04×104 km2.In the future climate conditions,the suitable habitat of H.elliptica will be moderately adjusted,especially in Sichuan and Xizang.Conclusion In the future,the suitable potential distribution areas for H.elliptica in China will increase,and there will be slight differences in the increment of different suitable potential distribution areas.This study can provide a basis for resource conservation and sustainable utilization,and highlight the importance of dynamic ecological monitoring in the context of global warming.

In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics.Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges.A two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)method was established for screening and comprehensive profiling of compositions of the antibiotic colistimethate sodium(CMS).A high concentration of phosphate buffer mobile phase was used in the first-dimensional LC system to get the components well separated.For efficient and high-accuracy screening of CMS,a targeted method based on a self-constructed high resolution(HR)mass spectrum database of CMS components was established.The database was built based on the commercial MassHunter Personal Compound Database and Library(PCDL)software and its accuracy of the compound matching result was verified with six known components before being applied to genuine sample screening.On this basis,the unknown peaks in the CMS chromatograms were deduced and assigned.The molecular formula,group composition,and origins of a total of 99 compounds,of which the combined area percentage accounted for more than 95％of CMS components,were deduced by this 2D-LC-MS method combined with the MassHunter PCDL.This profiling method was highly efficient and could distinguish hundreds of components within 3 h,providing reliable results for quality control of this kind of complex drugs.

Objective To predict the potential distribution area of Halenia elliptica under current and future climate conditions;To provide a foundation for the sustainable utilization and cultivation of H.elliptica resources.Methods Based on 116 occurrence records and 36 environmental variables,this study employed correlation analysis and contribution rates to identify 10 key environmental factors of H.elliptica.The MaxEnt model,combined with Geographic Information Systems(GIS),was used to predict the potential suitable areas for H.elliptica under current and different future climate scenarios,and centroid shift analysis was performed using SDM_toolbox.Results The MaxEnt model predicted accurately,with an area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of 0.968.Altitude,annual precipitation and mean temperature of the coldest season were identified as the primary influencing factors.The current suitable area for H.elliptica was approximately 176.04×104 km2.In the future climate conditions,the suitable habitat of H.elliptica will be moderately adjusted,especially in Sichuan and Xizang.Conclusion In the future,the suitable potential distribution areas for H.elliptica in China will increase,and there will be slight differences in the increment of different suitable potential distribution areas.This study can provide a basis for resource conservation and sustainable utilization,and highlight the importance of dynamic ecological monitoring in the context of global warming.

Objective To analyze the reasons and influencing factors of ambiguous medical records,and propose targe-ted intervention strategies.Methods The medical records discharged from the Department of Otolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery of a large Class Ⅲ hospital in Xi'an from January 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected,and the medical records groups and ambiguous medical records were screened through the DRG information platform.The clinical features,defect causes and risk factors of ambiguous cases were analyzed statistically.Results There were 4 124 discharged cases in the year,of which 77 were ambiguous cases,accounting for 1.87％.Compared with the non-ambiguous group,more patients in the ambig-uous group adopted a self-funded approach,experienced a transfer and a longer hospital stay.The proportion of surgery and trau-ma in ambiguous group was higher,but the proportion of tumor patients was lower.Due to DRG grouping rules,64 cases(83.1％)were divided into ambiguous groups,which was the primary direct cause.Binary Logistic regression indicated that self-paid medical treatment(OR=2.2),transfer(OR=4.8),hospitalization ≥7 days(OR=3.1),trauma(OR=15.0),and total cost＞20 000 yuan(OR=1.7)were the risk factors for ambiguous disease cases(P＜0.05),while tumor disease was the pro-tective factor(OR=0.6,P＜0.05).Conclusion The emergence of ambiguous medical records involves many aspects such as clinical diagnosis and treatment,hospital management,health policy and so on,which has an important impact on hospital per-formance and medical insurance fund.Only by strengthening the level of hospital management,improving the quality of informa-tion system,and promoting the coordination and communication between doctors,management and patients,can we effectively re-duce the occurrence of ambiguous medical records.

Aim To construct and analyze the genotype of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2(GRK2)conditional knockout mice in synoviocytes,and to provide an animal model for stud-ying the function of GRK2 in synoviocytes.Methods Grk2flox/+mice were bred to generate Grk2flox/flox mice,Grk2flox/flox mice were bred to Col1a1-iCre+mice,Grk2flox/+Col1a1-iCre+mice were bred to Grk2flox/flox mice.Grk2flox/flox Col1a1-iCre+mice were ob-tained as target mice.DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR to identify the genotype.Western blot was used to verify the effect of Grk2 knockout in synovium,liver and kidney tissues.HE staining was used to detect the effects of Grk2 conditional knockout in synovial cells on ankle synovium,liver and kidney tissues.Multiple immunofluorescence was used to detect GRK2 expression in synovial cells.Results The results of gene iden-tification showed that Grk2flox/flox Col1a1-iCre+mice had both Flox and Col1a1-iCre genotypes.Western blot results showed that GRK2 expression decreased in synovial tissues of Grk2flox/flox Col1a1-iCre+mice,but there was no significant change in the expression of GRK2 in liver and kidney tissues.HE staining showed that Grk2flox/flox Col1a1-iCre+mice had no significant pathological changes in the ankle synovium,liver and kidney.The results of multiple immunofluorescence showed that GRK2 expression in synovial cells of Grk2flox/flox Col1a1-iCre+mice de-creased.Conclusion Grk2 conditional knockout mice in syno-viocytes are successfully constructed and identified,which pro-vides an animal model for further study of the role of GRK2 in synovial-related diseases.

Objective To compile a comprehension assessment scale of double-conditional phrases for adults and to test its reliability and validity.Methods With reference to the compilation process of local and international word lists,a comprehension assessment scale of double-conditional phrases for adults was developed.The scale was used to assess 40 aphasia patients and 20 ordinary adults as subjects from four hospitals in Shanghai.The internal consistency reliability,split-half reliability,retest reliability and calibration validity of the scale were evaluated and analyzed[the western aphasia battery(WAB)as a calibrated measurcment instrument].Results The scale consists of 30 questions,including five types of phrases:coordinate phrases,verb-object phrases,subject-predicate phrases,endocentric phrases and interface-object phrases.Compared with the ordinary adult group,the total score of the scale and the scores of each dimension in the aphasia group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.001).The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total score was 0.894,the half coefficient was 0.924,and the correlation coefficient for the retest reliability of the total score was 0.923,with retest reliability for each type of word group ranging from 0.731 to 0.903.With the exception of the repetition scores,correlation coefficients be-tween the scale and all other scores of WAB were all＞0.6(P＜0.01).Conclusion The self-developed"Adult Double Conditional Phrases Auditory Comprehension Assessment Scale"demonstrates good reliability and validity.It serves as a scientific and reliable tool for evaluating the auditory comprehension ability of adult patients.

Objective To develop the value of machine learning(ML)models based on contrast-transthoracic echocardiography(cTTE)and transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)combined with clinical and laboratory indicators for predicting patent foramen ovale-associated stroke(PFO-AS).Methods Totally 313 patients with PFO diagnosed with cTTE and TEE were retrospectively enrolled.Among them,65 cases were found complicated with ischemic stroke and confirmed as PFO-AS(PFO-AS group),and the rest 248 cases without ischemic stroke were classified as non-PFO-AS group.The patients were divided into training set(n=219,including 48 cases of PFO-AS and 171 cases of non-PFO-AS)and test set(n=94,including 17 cases of PFO-AS and 77 cases of non-PFO-AS)at the ratio of 7∶3.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression(LR)were used to analyze clinical and laboratory indicators as well as cTTE and TEE parameters in training set to screen independent predictive factors of PFO-AS.ML models,including LR,K-nearest neighbor(KNN),support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),decision tree(DT),back propagation neural network(BPNN)and gradient boosting machine(GBM)were constructed,and the predictive efficacy of the models for predicting PFO-AS was evaluated,then the optimal model was selected.Results Patient's age＞49-69 years,with smoking history,plasma albumin≥43.8 g/L,significant right-to-left shunt at rest shown on cTTE and complicated atrial septal aneurysm shown on TEE were all independent predictors of PFO-AS,which were used to construct ML models.The area under the curve(AUC)of LR,KNN,SVM,RF,DT,BPNN and GBM models in training set was 0.779-0.853,while in test set was 0.730-0.877.RF model had relatively high and comparable sensitivity,specificity and AUC in both training and test sets,also higher precision and smaller Brier score in test set,hence was regarded as the optimal ML model.Conclusion RF model based on cTTE and TEE combined with clinical and laboratory indicators could be used to effectively predict PFO-AS.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of coptisine on endogenous metabolites in a dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-in-duced ulcerative colitis(UC)mouse model,and to explore its potential mechanisms of action employing non-targeted metabolomics technology.METHODS SPF-grade male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,a sulfasalazine group(100 mg·kg-1),and low and high dose groups of coptisine groups(25,50 mg·kg-1).To induce ulcerative colitis(UC),all groups except the control group had free access to a 2.5%DSS solution for 7 days.At the same time,they also received daily intragastric ad-ministration of their corresponding treatments until the 10th day.Body weight changes,stool characteristics,and bloody stool occur-rence were recorded daily,and the disease activity index(DAI)was calculated.After the experiment,colon tissues were collected for pathological examination.Through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS,non-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed to identify differential metabolites,and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using the KEGG database.RESULTS Compared to the model group,coptisine significantly ameliorated weight loss,DAI scores,and pathological damage in colon tissues of UC mice(P<0.05,P<0.01).Metabolomic analysis identified 56 differential metabolites,mainly involved in purine metabolism,tryptophan metabo-lism,niacin and nicotinamide metabolism,glutathione metabolism,and the biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan.Coptisine intervention significantly reversed the abnormal expression of these metabolites.CONCLUSION Coptisine can markedly improve metabolic disorders in DSS-induced UC mice by modulating multiple key metabolic pathways,thereby exerting a therapeutic effect.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for brain abscess.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 53 patients with brain abscess admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2024.Among them,29 cases underwent craniotomy for abscess resection(craniotomy group),while 24 cases received neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage(robot-assisted group).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,decompressive craniectomy rate,proportion of postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment,postoperative hospital stay,incidence of postoperative complications,mortality rate and Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)scores 6 months after surgery of patients were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the craniotomy group,the robot-assisted group demonstrated significantly shorter operation time,less intraoperative blood loss,and lower incidence of postoperative complication,the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in terms of decompressive craniectomy rate,postoperative hospital stay,mortality rate,GOS score,or proportion of the postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion As a precise and minimally invasive surgical method,neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for patients with brain abscess can effectively improve the operational efficiency,shorten the operation time,reduce intraoperative injury,and lower the risk of postoperative complications.It has high clinical application value and potential for widespread adoption.