Single-cell sequencing technology is illuminating the complex molecular mechanisms of placental development, maternal-fetal immune regulation, and pregnancy-related disorders. This review outlines the fundamental principles of single-cell sequencing, and explores its specific applications in obstetric research, with a focus on its technical advantages in revealing the pathophysiology of conditions such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth. The article discusses existing technical limitations, ethical considerations, and concludes with a perspective on future directions, including advances in technology, the growing promise for clinical application, and the potential of multi-omics integration in obstetrics research.

Single-cell sequencing technology is illuminating the complex molecular mechanisms of placental development, maternal-fetal immune regulation, and pregnancy-related disorders. This review outlines the fundamental principles of single-cell sequencing, and explores its specific applications in obstetric research, with a focus on its technical advantages in revealing the pathophysiology of conditions such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth. The article discusses existing technical limitations, ethical considerations, and concludes with a perspective on future directions, including advances in technology, the growing promise for clinical application, and the potential of multi-omics integration in obstetrics research.

AIM:To observe the vascular remodel-ing of eriodictyol(EDT)in spontaneously hyperten-sive rats(SHRs)by inhibiting TLR4/NF-kB signaling and to investigate the potential mechanism of ac-tion.METHODS:WKY normal control,SHRs model and EDT administration(EDT 120 mg/kg,SHRs+EDT)group were set for 20 weeks.Tail cuff method for blood BP measurement(SBP,DBP and MBP).Ul-trasonic detection of pulse wave velocity(PWV).The aortic media membrane thickness(MT)was vi-sualized by HE staining.The percentage of aortic collagen(VFC)changes were observed by MASSON staining,Serum content of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 was measured by ELISA.The TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 mRNA changes in the aorta were detected by q-PCR.The aortic Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ expres-sion was observed by immunohistochemistry,WB measured the expression of aortic TGF-β1,MMP-2,MMP-9,TLR4,p-IκBa,IκBa,p-p65 and p65.RE-SULTS:After 20 weeks of EDT administration,SBP,DBP,MBP and PWV of SHRs were significantly de-creased,MT and VFC of aorta were significantly de-creased,and protein expressions of Collagen Ⅰ,Col-lagen Ⅲ,TGF-β1,MMP-2,MMP-9,TLR4,p-l Camba and p-p65 were significantly decreased.CONCLU-SION:After long-term administration of EDT could inhibit TLR4/NF-κB signaling and exert anti-inflam-matory effects,thus reducing TGF-β1,MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression,decreasing collagen content,and finally improving aortic remodeling and sclero-sis of SHRs.

AIM: To study the effect of growth hormone (GH) and vitamin E (Vit.E) combined in the treatment of endometrial thinning. METHODS: Twenty female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, GH group and treatment group, with 5 rats in each group. Control group was routinely fed; Rats in model group, GH group and treatment group were injected intrauterine with 95%ethanol during estrus stage to construct a thin endometrial model. Six to eight hours after operation, rats in model group were injected intrauterine with 0.2 mL normal saline, rats in GH group and treatment group were injected with the same amount of GH, and the treatment group was given intragastric treatment of 60 mg/kg Vit.E. The rats were sacrificed 3 estrus cycles (about 2 weeks) after the operation. HE staining was performed on the uterine tissue to identify the model, and the levels of Cytokeratin 19 and Vimentin in the endometrium were detected by immunohistochemical color. RESULTS: The endometrial thickness of the model group was significantly thinner than that of the model group, and the endometrial thickness of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but the endometrial thickness of the GH group was slightly lower than that of the control group. The expression levels of keratin and vimentin in model group were lower than those in GH group, control group and treatment group, and the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Endometrial-related proliferation indexes were significantly increased after GH and vitamin E treatment, and GH and vitamin E could effectively promote the proliferation of endometrial cells.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics,the complications and the difference of pregnancy outcome of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during the different timing of gestation so as to guide the rational pregnancy of the patients with SLE.Methods A systematic review of the clinical data of 96 patients with SLE from January 2000 to January 2018,in Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,was systematically reviewed,including 60 cases of guiding pregnancy group and 36 cases of non guiding pregnancy group.The general situation,clinical characteristics,pregnancy complications and pregnancy outcome were compared and statistically analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in age and pregnancy between guiding pregnancy group and non guiding pregnancy group (P＞0.05).The rate of lupus activity in guiding group during pregnancy was lower than that in non guiding pregnancy group:25.0％ (15/60) vs.100.0％ (36/36),and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).The main clinical manifestations of SLE during pregnancy were thrombocytopenia,lupus nephritis and rash.The other was infection,arthritis and so on.Among them,the incidences of thrombocytopenia,lupus nephritis and rash in guiding pregnancy group were lower than those in non guiding pregnancy group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05 or ＜0.01).The incidences of preeclampsia,preterm birth,fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR),low birth weight infants (LBW) and fetal distress in the guiding pregnancy group were lower than those in non guiding pregnancy group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The pregnancy loss rate was lower and the live birth rate of the guiding pregnancy group was significantly higher than those in non guiding pregnancy group:0 vs.33.3％ (12/36),100.0％ (60/60) vs.66.7％ (24/36),and the differences was statistically significant (P＜0.05).In the guiding pregnancy group,the gestational weeks of termination of pregnancy and the weight of the newborn were greater than those in the non guiding pregnancy group (except for those with pregnancy loss):(269.4 ± 8.0) d vs.(250.8 ± 18.5) d,(3 005.2 ± 305.9) g vs.(2 462.5 ± 507.6) g,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The rate of cesarean section in guiding pregnancy group was lower than that in non guiding pregnancy group,and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.019).The mortality rate of pregnant women in guiding pregnancy group was lower than that in non guiding pregnancy group,but there was no statistical difference (P=0.133).Conclusions The main clinical features of pregnancy with SLE during pregnancy are thrombocytopenia,lupus nephritis and rash.Disease activity can increase the incidences of thrombocytopenia,lupus nephritis and rash.In the guiding pregnancy group,the rate of lupus activity during pregnancy is significantly lower than that in the non guiding pregnancy group,and the complications during pregnancy are decreased.Lupus activity is an important factor affecting pregnancy outcome.Choosing the remission stage and control period is the key for successful SLE pregnancy.SLE patients have higher risk of complications than normal people,such as preeclampsia,premature birth,IUGR,LBW,pregnancy loss,and so on.SLE patients should strengthen maternal and child monitoring during pregnancy to minimize perinatal complications and improve perinatal quality.

Objective: To investigate the effection of 10% glucose on laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Including 82 cases in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy from June 2018 to November 2018 in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University. They were divided into the experimental group(40 cases) and the control group (42 cases) according to admission time. The control group used conventional nursing measures, fast day after 0:00. The experimental group took orally 400 ml 10% glucose solution on the night before surgery, 10% glucose 100 ml at 6:00 on the day. And then the perioperative safety, comfort and hospital satisfaction were observed. Results: No postoperative nausea and vomiting and complications occurred in the two groups. The perioperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was greater than the control group, which was 94.00±3.08 and 80.00±11.54 points, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.45, P<0.01). The VAS scores of thirst, hunger, fatigue and anxiety in the experimental group were 2.97±3.55, 1.50±0.57, 2.50±1.00, 2.25±0.96, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (3.55±2.98, 2.25±0.50, 5.50±0.57, 5.25±1.89), and the differences were statistically significant (t= 2.83-5.19, P<0.01 or 0.05). The VAS scores of thirst, hunger and fatigue in the experimental group were 3.60±1.00, 3.50±0.56, 2.75±1.50, respectively, 4 h after surgery, which were lower than those in the control group (7.00±0.58, 4.75 ±1.25, 5.75±0.50), with statistically significant differences (t=5.00, 3.69, 3.79, P<0.05). Compared with preoperative situation, the thirst and hunger degree of the two group both increased after surgery, while the anxiety degree of the control group decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-9.91-5.20, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Oral administration of 10% glucose solution before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and effective, which can improve perioperative comfort and hospitalization satisfaction of patients.

Aim To determine the effective compo-nents of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae for sedative-hypnotic and its mechanism. Methods The extraction of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae and the rat brain homogenates were prepared. High concentrations of Diazepam com-petitively replaced the ligand compounds of Semen Ziz-iphi Spinosae combining BDZ receptor in brain tissue, and all the compounds with sedative and hypnotic effects were collected and identified by HPLC and LC-MS technique, as the compounds extracted from the brain tissue were administered with Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae. The brain tissue was administered with Diaze-pam, and with Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Diazepam. Results The HPLC chromatograms show that the peak time of BDZ receptor ligand compounds was 2. 71 min and 46. 87min, when compared with Diazepam. And the LC-MS chromatograms display the relative molecu-lar weight of the ligand compounds was 274. 28 m/z, 453. 34 m/z,496. 34 m/z and 608. 38 m/z respective-ly. According to the fingerprint of Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae, these compounds may be fatty acid substances and lupine pill triterpene compounds. Conclusions On the basis of the principle of receptor ligand bind-ing, we established a way to quickly analyze and iden-tify the role of natural products in the same drug target compounds. The method not only can clearly define the effective components of natural products, but also clar-ify the mechanism of action of the compounds. The ac-tive ingredient of calm hypnosis in Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae may be fatty acid substances Palmitic acid ( C16 H32 O2 ) and lupine pill triterpene compounds Alphitolic acid( C30 H48 O4 ) and Spinosin( C28 H32 O15 ) . They exert their sedative and hypnotic effects by combining with BDZ receptor, and the research has laid a theoretical foundation for the further study about mechanism of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae.

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of levornidazole in the treatment of pelvic anaerobic infections. Methods A multicenter randomized controlled clinical study was conducted to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of levornidazole. One hundred and fourty-three patients with pelvic anaerobic bacteria infection were classified into 70 cases treated by levornidazole in study group and 73 cases treated by Ornidazole in control group. Those patients in two groups were both administered at a dose of 0. 5 g twice daily for 5 - 7 days. The rate of clinical efficacy, bacteria clearance and adverse effect were recorded and compared between two groups. Results At the endpoint, the rate of clinical efficacy were 80% (56/70) in study group and 81% (59/73) in control group, which did not reach significant difference (P＞0. 05). The rate of bacteria clearance were 97% (36/37) in study group and 92% (22/24) in control group, which also did not reach significant difference(P ＞0. 05). The rate of adverse reaction of 3% (20/70) in study group was significantly lower than 22% ( 16/73 ) in control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion It is effective and safe to treat pelvic anaerobic infections with levornidazole and sodium chloride injection.