The knowledge graph has the characteristic of visualizing structural knowledge and has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of TCM diagnosis and treatment.This article reviewed the development trend and construction techniques of knowledge graph,summarized its application status in the field of TCM diagnosis and treatment,and provided a comprehensive review from the aspects of basic knowledge of TCM,inheritance of experience of renowned doctors,TCM question answering systems,and exploration of auxiliary decision-making.It also summarized the problems of knowledge graph technology in solving the informationization and intelligence process of TCM,and discussed and prospect the research and application directions of knowledge graph in the field of informationization and intelligence of TCM based on the characteristics of TCM knowledge.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep interruption(SI)cycles on emotional behavior in ICR mice,and to establish a mouse model of comorbid anxiety and depression induced by SI.Methods Seventy-two male ICR mice(4～5 weeks old)were divided randomly into a blank group and a model group.Mice in the model group were subjected to SI stress modeling for 1,2,and 3 weeks,respectively.After modeling,emotional behaviors were evaluated using open-field,elevated plus maze,light-dark box,marble-burying,and forced-swimming tests.Serum corticosterone levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Mice in the model group buried significantly more marbles after 1 week of SI stress,compared with the blank group(P＜0.05).After 2 weeks of stress,mice in the model group also showed a significant decrease in the number of crossings in the light-dark box(P＜0.05)and a significant increase in the number of marbles buried(P＜0.01)compared with the control group.After 3 weeks of stress,mice in the model group showed a significant increase in the number of marbles buried(P＜0.05),a significant decrease in the number of crossings in the light-dark box(P＜0.05),and a significant increase in immobility time in the forced-swim test(P＜0.01).Conclusions ICR mice exhibited significant anxiety-related behaviors after 2 weeks of SI modeling and significant anxiety-and depressive-related behavioral changes after 3 weeks.Three weeks of SI stress can be used to establish a model of comorbid anxiety and depression.

The knowledge graph has the characteristic of visualizing structural knowledge and has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of TCM diagnosis and treatment.This article reviewed the development trend and construction techniques of knowledge graph,summarized its application status in the field of TCM diagnosis and treatment,and provided a comprehensive review from the aspects of basic knowledge of TCM,inheritance of experience of renowned doctors,TCM question answering systems,and exploration of auxiliary decision-making.It also summarized the problems of knowledge graph technology in solving the informationization and intelligence process of TCM,and discussed and prospect the research and application directions of knowledge graph in the field of informationization and intelligence of TCM based on the characteristics of TCM knowledge.

Objective Hypobaric chamber and simulated weightless bed are essential methods for aerospace medical research,and conducting state assessment of volunteers before and after hypobaric chamber and simulated weightless bed tests is an essential guideline for aerospace implementation medicine.To further improve the efficiency of human condition assessment,in addition to the conventional biochemical and physiological indicators,the human oral exhaled gas can be used for condition assessment,and the olfactometry acquisition equipment and analysis software can collect and detect most volatile gases to complete the human oral exhaled gas data acquisition.Conducting comparative analysis of olfactory mapping data from different populations may be a means to assess the status of the body.Methods The olfactometry acquisition equipment was used to collect the oral exhaled breath olfactometry profiles of the general population,hypobaric cabin volunteers,and ambulatory volunteers.The olfactometry analysis software was used to calculate the 12 eigenvalues of the olfactometry profiles and the t-SNE downscaling,and the radar plots were used to analyze the olfactometry profiles of the general population,low-pressure cabin volunteers,and ambulatory volunteers respectively.A comparative analysis of different populations was conducted.Results(1)The t-SNE mapping data of the general population and the ambulatory volunteers were almost indistinguishable;(2)the t-SNE mapping data of the hypobaric cabin volunteers and the general population had a slight overlap,but the distinguishability of the vast majority of the t-SNE mapping data was obvious;(3)the t-SNE mapping data of the hypobaric cabin volunteers and the ambulatory volunteers were distinguishable with no overlap,and the ambulatory t SNE data are highly aggregated,and the distribution of t-SNE data in low-pressure cabin is more discrete;(4)there are 2-3 sensors with large eigenvalues and a large range of variation for both low-pressure cabin volunteers and recumbent volunteers after training activities,and the common sensor with a large range of variation is S6.Conclusion Olfactory diagnostic analysis mapping may be a means to assess the health status of the body and may be useful for spaceflight health status assessment in the future.The analysis and application of flight health state assessment can be a reference in the future.

BACKGROUND: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is indicated as a broad-spectrum medicine for a variety of diseases, including cancer and cardiac disease. While the role of ATO in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) has not been reported. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the effects of ATO on HIRI. METHODS: In the present study, we established a 70% hepatic warm I/R injury and partial hepatectomy (30% resection) animal models in vivo and hepatocytes anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) models in vitro with ATO pretreatment and further assessed liver function by histopathologic changes, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cell counting kit-8, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was transfected to evaluate the role of ERK1/2 pathway during HIRI, followed by ATO pretreatment. The dynamic process of autophagic flux and numbers of autophagosomes were detected by green fluorescent protein-monomeric red fluorescent protein-LC3 (GFP-mRFP-LC3) staining and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: A low dose of ATO (0.75 μmol/L in vitro and 1 mg/kg in vivo ) significantly reduced tissue necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, and hepatocyte apoptosis during the process of hepatic I/R. Meanwhile, ATO obviously promoted the ability of cell proliferation and liver regeneration. Mechanistically, in vitro  studies have shown that nontoxic concentrations of ATO can activate both ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-serine/threonine kinase (PI3K-AKT) pathways and further induce autophagy. The hepatoprotective mechanism of ATO, at least in part, relies on the effects of ATO on the activation of autophagy, which is ERK-dependent. CONCLUSION Low, non-toxic doses of ATO can activate ERK/PI3K-AKT pathways and induce ERK-dependent autophagy in hepatocytes, protecting liver against I/R injury and accelerating hepatocyte regeneration after partial hepatectomy.
Animals ; Arsenic Trioxide ; Autophagy/physiology* ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control* ; Mice ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/physiology* ; Arsenicals/therapeutic use* ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Depression, a mental health disorder, has emerged as one of the significant challenges in the global public health domain. Investigating the pathogenesis of depression and accurately assessing the symptomatic changes are fundamental to formulating effective clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies. Utilizing non-invasive brain imaging technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and scalp electroencephalography, existing studies have confirmed that the onset of depression is closely associated with abnormal neural activities and altered functional connectivity in multiple brain regions. Magnetoencephalography, unaffected by tissue conductivity and skull thickness, boasts high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, offering unique advantages and significant value in revealing the abnormal brain mechanisms and neural characteristics of depression. This review, starting from the rhythmic characteristics, nonlinear dynamic features, and connectivity characteristics of magnetoencephalography in depression patients, revisits the research progress on magnetoencephalography features related to depression, discusses current issues and future development trends, and provides insights for the study of pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as for clinical diagnosis and treatment of depression.
Humans ; Magnetoencephalography/methods* ; Brain/physiopathology* ; Depression/diagnosis* ; Electroencephalography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep interruption(SI)cycles on emotional behavior in ICR mice,and to establish a mouse model of comorbid anxiety and depression induced by SI.Methods Seventy-two male ICR mice(4～5 weeks old)were divided randomly into a blank group and a model group.Mice in the model group were subjected to SI stress modeling for 1,2,and 3 weeks,respectively.After modeling,emotional behaviors were evaluated using open-field,elevated plus maze,light-dark box,marble-burying,and forced-swimming tests.Serum corticosterone levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Mice in the model group buried significantly more marbles after 1 week of SI stress,compared with the blank group(P＜0.05).After 2 weeks of stress,mice in the model group also showed a significant decrease in the number of crossings in the light-dark box(P＜0.05)and a significant increase in the number of marbles buried(P＜0.01)compared with the control group.After 3 weeks of stress,mice in the model group showed a significant increase in the number of marbles buried(P＜0.05),a significant decrease in the number of crossings in the light-dark box(P＜0.05),and a significant increase in immobility time in the forced-swim test(P＜0.01).Conclusions ICR mice exhibited significant anxiety-related behaviors after 2 weeks of SI modeling and significant anxiety-and depressive-related behavioral changes after 3 weeks.Three weeks of SI stress can be used to establish a model of comorbid anxiety and depression.

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment experiences in dealing with non-severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.METHODS The clinical data were collected from 34 patients who were diagnosed with non-severe C.psittaci pneumonia through quantitative polymerase chain reactiong(qPCR)for sputum in fever clinic of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from Mar.2023 to Mar.2024 and were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were evaluated.RESULTS The average age of the patients was(44.82±13.74)years old,the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.83;all of the patients had fever;major symptoms were cough(70.59％),pharyngodynia(44.12％),and flu-like symptoms(41.18％);82.35％of the patients had the history of contact with poultry.The C-reactive pro-tein(CRP)level,interleukin-6(IL-6),systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)and aggregate index of sys-temic inflammation(AISI)were higher among the patients aged no less than 44 years old than among the patients less than 44 years old(P＜0.05);the percentage of lymphocytes of the patients aged no less than 44 years old was lower than that of the patients aged less than 44 years old(P＜0.05).As for the imaging findings,73.53％of the patients had consolidation shadows,26.47％had ground-glass opacities,and 32.35％involved both lungs.All of the patients received quinolones or tetracyclines for treatment of 7-14 days and all symptoms relieved.CT reexami-nated 1 month after the treatment showed that 55.88％of the cases had complete absorption of pulmonary infec-tious lesions,and 35.29％had partial absorption.CONCLUSIONS The patients with non-severe Chlamydia psitta-ci pneumonia are characterized by the history of contact with poultry,fever complicated with respiratory tract symptoms,rise of inflammatory markers(more significant among patients of advanced age)and lower lobe con-solidation shadow/ground-glass opacities.Early identification and standardized treatment may facilitate the favora-ble treatment outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment experiences in dealing with non-severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.METHODS The clinical data were collected from 34 patients who were diagnosed with non-severe C.psittaci pneumonia through quantitative polymerase chain reactiong(qPCR)for sputum in fever clinic of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from Mar.2023 to Mar.2024 and were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were evaluated.RESULTS The average age of the patients was(44.82±13.74)years old,the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.83;all of the patients had fever;major symptoms were cough(70.59％),pharyngodynia(44.12％),and flu-like symptoms(41.18％);82.35％of the patients had the history of contact with poultry.The C-reactive pro-tein(CRP)level,interleukin-6(IL-6),systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)and aggregate index of sys-temic inflammation(AISI)were higher among the patients aged no less than 44 years old than among the patients less than 44 years old(P＜0.05);the percentage of lymphocytes of the patients aged no less than 44 years old was lower than that of the patients aged less than 44 years old(P＜0.05).As for the imaging findings,73.53％of the patients had consolidation shadows,26.47％had ground-glass opacities,and 32.35％involved both lungs.All of the patients received quinolones or tetracyclines for treatment of 7-14 days and all symptoms relieved.CT reexami-nated 1 month after the treatment showed that 55.88％of the cases had complete absorption of pulmonary infec-tious lesions,and 35.29％had partial absorption.CONCLUSIONS The patients with non-severe Chlamydia psitta-ci pneumonia are characterized by the history of contact with poultry,fever complicated with respiratory tract symptoms,rise of inflammatory markers(more significant among patients of advanced age)and lower lobe con-solidation shadow/ground-glass opacities.Early identification and standardized treatment may facilitate the favora-ble treatment outcomes.

Objective To investigate the facial spectrum and color characteristics of patients with essen-tial hypertension post administering antihypertensive drugs,establish a classification and evaluation model based on the facial colors of the enrolled patients,and perform in-depth analysis on the important characteristics of their facial spectrum.Methods From September 3,2018,to March 23,2024,participants with essential hyperten-sion(receiving antihypertensive medication treatment,hypertension group)and normal blood pressure(control group)were recruited from the Cardiology Department of Shanghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the Coronary Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital,the Physical Examination Center of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Uni-versity of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and the Gaohang Community Health Service Center.This study employed the propensity score matching(PSM)method to reduce study partici-pants selection bias.Spectral information in the facial visible light spectrum of the subjects was collected using a flame spectrometer,and the spectral chromaticity values were calculat-ed using the equal-interval wavelength method.The study analyzed the differences in spec-tral reflectance across various facial regions,including the entire face,forehead,glabella,nose,jaw,left and right zygomatic regions,left and right cheek regions as well as differences in parameters within the Lab color space between the two subject groups.Feature selection was conducted using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression,fol-lowed by the application of various machine learning algorithms,including logistic regres-sion(LR),support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),Na?ve Bayes(NB),and eX-treme Gradient Boosting(XGB).The reduced-dimensional dataset was split in a 7:3 ratio to establish a classification and assessment model for facial coloration related to primary hyper-tension.Additionally,model fusion techniques were applied to enhance the predictive power.The performance of the models was evaluated using metrics including the area under the curve(AUC)and accuracy.Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)was used to interpret the outcomes of the models.Results A total of 114 participants were included in both hypertension and control groups.Reflectance analysis across the entire face and eight predefined areas revealed that the hypertensive group exhibited significantly higher reflectance of corresponding color light in the blue-violet region(P<0.05)and a lower reflectance in the red region(P<0.05)compared with control group.Analysis of Lab color space parameters across the entire face and eight predefined areas showed that hypertensive group had significantly lower a and b values than control group(P<0.05).LASSO regression analysis identified a total of 18 facial color features that were highly correlated with hypertension,including the a values of the chin and the right cheek,the reflectance at 380 nm and at 780 nm of the forehead.The results of the multi-mod-el classification showed that the RF classification model was the most effective,with an AUC of 0.74 and an accuracy of 0.77.The combined model of RF+LR+SVM outperformed a single model in their classification performance,achieving an AUC of 0.80 and an accuracy of 0.76.SHAP model visualization results indicated that the top three contributors to ideal prediction results based on the characteristics from the facial spectrum were the reflectance at 380 nm across the entire face and of the nose as well as the a value of the chin.Conclusion Within the same age group,patients with essential hypertension exhibited signif-icant and regular changes in facial color and facial spectral reflectance parameters after the administration of antihypertensive drugs.Furthermore,facial reflectance indicators,such as the overall reflectance at 380 nm and the a value of the chin,could offer valuable references for clinically assessing the drug efficacy and health status of patients with essential hyperten-sion.