Objective:To examine the effects of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) using blastocyst biopsy on maternal and perinatal outcomes for women of advanced age.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted during January 2016 to December 2018 at Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital. Women who were aged ≥35 years, underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, control group) or PGT-A after ICSI (PGT-A group) with single frozen-thawed blastocyst transferred were eligible in this study. They were further divided into 35-37 years old subgroup and ≥38 years old subgroup according to age. The primary outcome was live birth, and the secondary outcomes were human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) positivity, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy loss, hypertension in pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational age, preterm birth, caesarean section, low birth weight, small gestational age, and large gestational age.Results:For women aged ≥35 years, the live birth rate in PGT-A group was significantly higher than that in control group [38.0% (89/234) vs. 26.8% (237/885), OR(95% CI)=1.49(1.13-1.97), P=0.047], the miscarriage rate was significantly lower than that in control group [17.6% (19/108) vs. 29.0% (116/443), OR(95% CI)=0.45(0.24-0.85), P=0.013]. We found that for women who aged ≥38 years, the live birth rate [ OR(95% CI)=3.01(1.67-5.44), P<0.001], hCG positivity rate [ OR(95% CI)=2.08(1.25-3.47), P=0.005], clinical pregnancy rate [ OR(95% CI)=2.39(1.40-4.07), P=0.001] in PGT-A group were significantly higher than those in control group, and the miscarriage rate in PGT-A group was significantly lower than that in control group [ OR(95% CI)=0.34(0.13-0.85), P=0.022]; for women aged 35-37 years, there were no statistically significant differences in pregnancy outcomes between the two groups (all P>0.05). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the rates of obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes for women aged ≥35 years between PGT-A group and control group (all P>0.05), and similar results were found in the subgroup analyses for women who aged 35-37 years or ≥38 years. Conclusion:PGT-A using blastocyst stage biopsy strategy in single blastocyst thaw transferred cycles could significantly improve the rates of hCG positivity, clinical pregnancy, and live birth, and significantly reduce the miscarriage rate for women aged ≥38 years, but could not improve the pregnancy outcomes for women aged 35-37 years. In addition, the use of PGT-A does not increase the risk of obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes for women of advanced age.

Objective:To examine the effects of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) using blastocyst biopsy on maternal and perinatal outcomes for women of advanced age.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted during January 2016 to December 2018 at Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital. Women who were aged ≥35 years, underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, control group) or PGT-A after ICSI (PGT-A group) with single frozen-thawed blastocyst transferred were eligible in this study. They were further divided into 35-37 years old subgroup and ≥38 years old subgroup according to age. The primary outcome was live birth, and the secondary outcomes were human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) positivity, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy loss, hypertension in pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational age, preterm birth, caesarean section, low birth weight, small gestational age, and large gestational age.Results:For women aged ≥35 years, the live birth rate in PGT-A group was significantly higher than that in control group [38.0% (89/234) vs. 26.8% (237/885), OR(95% CI)=1.49(1.13-1.97), P=0.047], the miscarriage rate was significantly lower than that in control group [17.6% (19/108) vs. 29.0% (116/443), OR(95% CI)=0.45(0.24-0.85), P=0.013]. We found that for women who aged ≥38 years, the live birth rate [ OR(95% CI)=3.01(1.67-5.44), P<0.001], hCG positivity rate [ OR(95% CI)=2.08(1.25-3.47), P=0.005], clinical pregnancy rate [ OR(95% CI)=2.39(1.40-4.07), P=0.001] in PGT-A group were significantly higher than those in control group, and the miscarriage rate in PGT-A group was significantly lower than that in control group [ OR(95% CI)=0.34(0.13-0.85), P=0.022]; for women aged 35-37 years, there were no statistically significant differences in pregnancy outcomes between the two groups (all P>0.05). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the rates of obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes for women aged ≥35 years between PGT-A group and control group (all P>0.05), and similar results were found in the subgroup analyses for women who aged 35-37 years or ≥38 years. Conclusion:PGT-A using blastocyst stage biopsy strategy in single blastocyst thaw transferred cycles could significantly improve the rates of hCG positivity, clinical pregnancy, and live birth, and significantly reduce the miscarriage rate for women aged ≥38 years, but could not improve the pregnancy outcomes for women aged 35-37 years. In addition, the use of PGT-A does not increase the risk of obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes for women of advanced age.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is also known as premature ovarian failure, as one of the main causes of female infertility, and has been widely concerned, mainly manifested by low estrogen levels and high gonadotropin levels. The etiology and mechanism of POI are complex, and there is no consensus at present. With the deepening of stem cell research, stem cell therapy for POI has become a new focus. This paper summarizes the etiology of POI and the mechanism of action of stem cell therapy for POI from different sources, providing reference for future research.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is also known as premature ovarian failure, as one of the main causes of female infertility, and has been widely concerned, mainly manifested by low estrogen levels and high gonadotropin levels. The etiology and mechanism of POI are complex, and there is no consensus at present. With the deepening of stem cell research, stem cell therapy for POI has become a new focus. This paper summarizes the etiology of POI and the mechanism of action of stem cell therapy for POI from different sources, providing reference for future research.

Objective: To establish a new standard for the quality evaluation of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus. Methods: On the basis of the 2015 edition pharmacopoeia standard of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus, some testing items including the characteristic chro-matogram (HPLC) and total lignans content (UV) were established. Results: With schizandrin as the reference material, the HPLC specific chromatograms of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus including 7 characteristic peaks were established. The content of total lignans in Schisandrae chinensis Fructus was not less than 1. 8% with schizandrin as the standard. Conclusion: The proposed quality evalua-tion standard is more comprehensive and reproducible. It can provide a more scientific evaluation tool for the quality evaluation of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and its related preparations.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of salvianolic acid B (SA-B) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) by means of combined intralesional injection in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Methods: According to clinical findings and symptoms, TA combined with SA-B were consecutively applied intralesionally 1 time weekly for 30 times. Mouth opening degree, color change of the buccal mucosae and numeral increase of the capillary vessels were determined by degree Ⅰ-Ⅳ visual analog scale were evaluated at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Results: One hundred and fourteen subjects fulfilled the study without obvious adverse reactions. After treatment for 1 year, the net gain in mouth opening of the early stage group was (5.5 ± 1.5) mm at 12 months, (8.8 ± 1.6) mm at 24 months and (12.0±1.2) mm at 36 months. The net gain in mouth opening of the middle stage group were (5.3±1.7) mm at 12 months, (10.5±1.5) mm at 24 months and (14.5±2.4) mm at 36 months. The net gain in mouth opening of the advanced stage group were (5.7±1.3) mm at 12 months, (13.7±1.3) mm at 24 months and (15.5±1.5) mm at 36 months. The effective rates of color change of the buccal mucosae and numeral increase of the capillary vessels after treatment for 36 months were 100% in early stage group, 93% (51/55) in middle stage group and 90% (36/40) in advanced stage group. Conclusions TA and SA-B combined intralesional injection in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis is effective.

Objective To investigate the expressions of minichromosome maintenance protein 5 (MCM5)and P1 6 INK4A gene and protein in cervical squamous cell cancer (SCC),cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)and normal tissues.Methods Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used respectively to detect the expression levels of mRNA and protein of MCM5 and P1 6 INK4A in 40 cases of cervical cancer,1 1 cases of CIN I,1 5 cases of CIN Ⅱ - Ⅲ and 1 5 cases of normal cervical tissues.Results ① The expression levels of mRNA and protein of MCM5 and P1 6 INK4A in tissues of cervical squamous cell cancer were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues,CIN I and CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ tissues (P <0.05).The expression level of P1 6 INK4A was significantly higher in tissues of cervical squamous cell cancer than in normal cervical tissues and CIN I tissues (P < 0.01 ). However,it did not differ from that in CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ tissues (P >0.05 ).② The high expression of MCM5 mRNA and protein in cervical squamous cell carcinoma was positively correlated with clinical stage and differentiation grade of cervical cancer (P <0.01),but not correlated with age (P >0.05).P1 6 INK4A expression exhibited no correlation with clinical stage or age of patients (P >0.05),but positive correlation with differentiation grade (P <0.01).③ A positive correlation was found between MCM5 and P1 6 INK4A expressions in cervical cancer (r = 0.538,P <0.01).Conclusion The over-expressions of MCM5 and P1 6 INK4A may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression of cervical cancer.MCM5 may be used as a new marker of the proliferation of cervical cancer. Detection of P1 6 INK4A and MCM5 is of great significance to studying the grade and outcome of CIN,which may improve the rate of cervical cancer screening.

Objective To explore the influential facts of betel quid chewing for patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in Haikou,Hainan Province.Methods One hundred and twenty three patients in the Haikou City People's hospital were investigated regarding their clinical information,including age,sex,origins,kinds and time of betel nut chewing,obvious clinical features,cognition for its harmfulness and so on.Results (1)The mean age was 36.5 years old,the most common patients were the group between the ages of 30 and 50 among 123 patients,male preferred to chewing betel nut,the female fond of betel nut were mostly Li minority women.(2)People chewing the dry betel nut had the higher incidence than the ones who prefer the fresh in five years.The both were significant difference (x2 =18.79,P ＜0.01),however,the incidence difference between the patients at the same time and the ones chewing kinds of betel nut was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).(3)The early clinical features of some OSF patients included stimulating pain,mucosal blanching,gradual inability to open the mouth and fibrous bands.(4)Although 61 patients (49.59％) knew about the harmfulness of betel nut chewing for their oral health,they could not change their lifestyle.Conclusions Male prefers to chewing betel nut,the female fond of betel nut are mostly Li minority women in Haikou area,the parts of patients could not overcome the habit ofchewing betel nut; people chewing the dry betel nut has the higher incidence than the ones who prefer the fresh's at early period,and of the two the former prone to disease than the latter.

Objective To investigate the effect of health education on self-efficacy in schizophrenia patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods The inclusion criteria for schizophrenia patients with type 2 diabetes of 84 patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group each of 42 cases, the intervention group were given self-efficacy to emphasize health education, healthy control group received conventional health education, before the intervention and comparison groups to intervene to restore the degree of biochemical parameters, quality of life and social function after 6 weeks. Results The intervention group fast glucose, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin of intervention group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). After the intervention, psychosocial, energy / symptoms, energy /power ratings of intervention group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). After the intervention the ward activities, personal self-care, accountability and planning, social withdrawal, interest rates on the outside of inter-vention group were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Health education helps to improve self-efficacy in schizophrenia patients with type 2 diabetes to control blood sugar metabolism , and benefit their mental illness symptoms to improve the quality of life for the rehabilitation and restoration of social functions.

Objective To investigate the effect of the examination mode which focuses on students' comprehensive skill and capability, and then provide some references for the consummation of the examination evaluation system of the course of pathogenic biology and immunology experiments. Methods Students of five-year class of stomatology of Grade 2009 were selected to sit the innovating examination. The evaluation of the effect was analysed by the way of a questionnaire. Results Many students set higher values on the innovating course arrangement and examination mode which improved their capacity of experimental design, operational technique, writing of laboratory reports, innovative ability and so on. Conclusion The innovating course arrangement and examination mode are superior compared to the old one and can improve students comprehensive ability.