ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis， as well as the impact of recompensation on the prognosis of such patients， and to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients in clinical practice. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2016 to December 2022 and were diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B， hepatitis C， alcoholic hepatitis， and autoimmune hepatitis， and they were divided into recompensation group and persistent decompensation group. To control for confounding factors， whether recompensation occurred was used as the rouping variable，and BMI， alcohol consumption history， HIV infection history， TG， CHOL， LDL， and HDL were used as covariates. The propensity score was calculated， and 1：1 nearest neighbor matching was performed with a caliper value of 0.1. After propensity score matching， the recompensation group and the persistent decompensation group with relatively balanced covariates were obtained. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for recompensation； the “rms” package was used to establish a nomogram； the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to calculate the area under the ROC curve （AUC）； the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the goodness of fit of the model； the “Calibration Curves” package was used to plot calibration curves for model assessment. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison of survival curves. ResultsAmong the 863 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis， 305 experienced recompensation， resulting in an incidence rate of 35.3%. After PSM， 610 cases were successfully matched， with 305 cases in each group. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that etiology （hepatitis C： hazard ratio［HR］=0.288， P=0.002）； male（HR=0.701， P=0.016）， age（HR=0.988， P=0.047）， hemoglobin （HGB）（HR=1.006， P=0.017）， and CD4 T cell（HR=1.001，P=0.047）， TIPS procedure （HR=1.808，P=0.042） were independent influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. During follow-up， 116 patients died of liver disease-related causes， with 27 patients （8.85%） in the recompensation group and 89 （15.95%） in the persistent decompensation group； 109 patients developed HCC， with 23 patients （7.54%） in the recompensation group and 86 （15.41%） in the persistent decompensation group. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significant separation between the patients with different states of compensation in terms of liver disease-related mortality rate and the incidence rate of HCC， and the Log-rank test showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in liver disease-related mortality rate （χ²=9.023， P=0.003） and the incidence rate of HCC （χ²=10.526， P=0.001）. ConclusionEtiology，sex，age，TIPS，HGB，and CD4 T cell are independent influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. There is a significant difference in the incidence rate of recompensation between decompensated liver cirrhosis patients with different etiologies， and female patients and patients with a younger age，a history of TIPS， a higher HGB level， and a higher CD4 lymphocyte count are more likely to experience recompensation. Recompensation is the key to improving the long-term prognosis of patients and can significantly reduce long-term liver disease-related mortality rate and the incidence rate of HCC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a rapid 3D-printed patient-specific osteotomy guide in knee replacement surgery,and provide guidance for its widespread clinical application.Methods A total of 80 patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis who had undergone Total Knee Arthroplasty(TKA)were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The first group comprised 40 cases(40 knees)that underwent traditional TKA,while the second group consisted of 40 patients(40 knees)in the 3D-printed osteotomy guide group.Various parameters,including surgery duration,intraoperative blood loss,time to ambulation after surgery,mechanical axis angle between femur and tibia post-surgery,Visual Analog Scale(VAS)score,Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS)knee score,Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)score,range of motion(ROM)of the knee,and other indicators were analyzed separately for both groups.Statistical analyses were conducted.Results All the patients underwent surgery smoothly and were followed up for 3～12 months.In com-parison to the traditional osteotomy guide group,the 3D-printed osteotomy guide group demonstrated significantly shorter surgery duration(P<0.05),reduced intraoperative blood loss,earlier time to first ambulation after surgery(P<0.05),lower postoperative VAS score,and smaller mechanical axis angle between the femur and tibia after surgery(P<0.01).At 6 months post-surgery,both groups showed significantly improved KSS scores compared to preoperative values(P<0.01).The KSS score of the 3D-printed guide group was higher than that of the traditional surgical guide group at 6 months after surgery(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in KSS scores between the two groups(P>0.05).WOMAC scores for both groups decreased over time at 3 and 6 months post-surgery compared to preoperative scores(P<0.05).At these time points,WOMAC scores were lower in the 3D-printed guide group than in the traditional osteotomy guide group(P<0.05).One case of hematocele and infection occurred in the traditional osteotomy guide group;however,successful discharge was achieved following re-debridement while preserving the prosthesis.None of the surgical patients experienced complications such as neurovascular injury,deep vein thrombosis,prosthesis loosening or periprosthetic fractures.Conclusion Compared to conventional total knee arthroplasty(TKA)surgery,the utilization of a rapid 3D-printed osteotomy guide for knee replacement presents several advantages,including reduced surgical operation duration,minimal intraoperative blood loss,precise and expeditious osteotomies,accelerated postoperative recovery,and heightened patient satis-faction during medical consultations.Notably,its clinical efficacy surpasses that of traditional approaches.

Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant endogenously synthesized lipid hormone, plays an important role in response to stress. This manuscript summarized the biosynthesis and metabolism of JA and its related regulatory mechanisms, as well as the signal transduction of JA. The mechanism and regulatory network of JA in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses were systematically reviewed, with the latest advances highlighted. In addition, this review summarized the signal crosstalk between JA and other hormones in regulating plant resistance to various stresses. Finally, the problems to be solved in the study of plant stress resistance mediated by JA were discussed, and the application of new molecular biological technologies in regulating JA signaling to enhance crop resistance was prospected, with the aim to facilitate future research and application of plant stress resistance.
Signal Transduction ; Cyclopentanes ; Oxylipins ; Plant Growth Regulators

High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is highly aggressive and has poor prognosis. Treatment of NB mainly includes comprehensive therapies, of which radiotherapy serves as a part of consolidation therapy. For patients who receive complete resection of the primary lesion, usually an irradiation dose of 21-23.4 Gy is given; for patients with incomplete resection, further study focused on radiation dose is necessary. Recurrence is most commonly observed in the bone lesions involved at presentation. Currently, the principle of irradiation to the metastatic sites is to treat lesions where metaio-dobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake remains positive after induction chemotherapy, or those become negative uptake but still at high risk of recurrence. On the premise of lacking of MIBG imaging, positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT) may assist in screening for metastatic sites requiring irradiation. The late side effects of radiotherapy are mainly mild musculoskeletal abnormalities. No significant increase is observed in the incidence of second primary tumor during short-term follow-up.

Biomimetic nano formulations of biofilms have low immunogenicity, high targeting, and good biocompatibility, and can avoid being cleared by the endothelial reticular system, thus with in longer blood circulation time in the body.This article mainly reviews the main types as well as advantages and disadvantages of biomimetic nano formulations of biofilms, including tumor cell membranes, red blood cell membranes, platelet membranes, white blood cell membranes, stem cell membranes, extracellular vesicles (exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies), endoplasmic reticulum membranes, and composite biofilms, with also a prospect of the challenges facing biomimetic nano formulations of biofilms and their future development based on their current research status, aiming to provide some insight for further research on biomimetic nano formulations of biofilms.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu Capsule on premature ovarian failure rats from the perspective of metabolomics.Methods Female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group and Jiawei Bazhen Yimu Capsule low,medium and high dose groups,with 10 rats in each group.The model of premature ovarian failure was replicated by removing bilateral ovaries of rats and administered intragastrically once a day for 21 days.The serum samples of rats in each group were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS).Combined with multivariate statistical analysis,the effects of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu Capsule on differential metabolites in rats with premature ovarian failure were investigated.The differential metabolites identified by MELIN database or KEGG database were imported into Metaboanalyst 5.0 online platform for metabolic pathway analysis.Results A total of 18 potential differential metabolites were screened and identified.Most of the differential metabolites showed a good callback trend after intragastric administration of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu Capsule.These 18 differential metabolites were enriched into 2 metabolic pathways(Pathway Impact>0.1),which were glycerophospholipid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu Capsule on premature ovarian failure may be related to improving the level of differential metabolites in serum and restoring normal metabolic activities in rats.

Objective:To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of the X-ray radiation-induced abscopal effects (X-RIAEs) on the ovarian reserve of mice.Methods:Totally sixteen female C57BL/6J mice aged 6-8 weeks with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided into the sham group ( n=8) and irradiation group ( n=8). After anesthesia, the mice in the irradiation group were irradiated with 8 Gy X-ray on the local area of the chest every day for 3 d, while the mice in the sham group were not irradiated. After irradiation 21 d, the estrous cycle, serum hormones, serum pro-inflammatory factors, and ovarian morphological changes were detected. Ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to detect the expression of transcriptional levels in mouse ovarian tissues. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and analyzed by gene ontology-biological process (GO_BP). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) verified the sequencing results. The expression and localization of spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix-containing protein 1 (SOHLH1) and neutrophil elastase (NE) in ovarian tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results:Compared with mice in the sham group, the irradiation group had a disordered estrous cycle, reduced primordial follicles[10.50 (1.25, 12.75) vs. 60.00 (30.00, 90.25), P<0.001] and growing follicles [(4.50 (2.50, 9.00) vs. 18.50 (18.00, 20.75), P<0.001], significantly increased atretic follicles [56.00 (45.25, 98.75) vs. 12.50 (5.25, 20.25), P<0.001]. The levels of serum estradiol [(70.28±5.27) pmol/L] and anti-Müllerian hormone [(104.00±6.98) μg/L] in the irradiation group were significantly lower than those in the sham group [(97.58±7.25) pmol/L, P=0.016; (129.70±8.39) μg/L, P=0.046], but the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the irradiation group was not significantly different from that in the sham group ( P>0.05). Compared with the sham group, the serum levels of TNF-α [(488.30±36.20) μg/L vs. (31.61±12.89) μg/L, P<0.001] and IL-1β [(62.37±2.50) μg/L vs. (52.75±2.06) μg/L, P=0.018] in the irradiation group were significantly increased, and the serum level of interleukin (IL)-6 in the irradiation group was also increased compared with the sham group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The results of GO_BP analysis showed that the down-regulated DGEs were mainly involved in the process of follicular development, and the up-regulated DGEs were involved in the inflammation process. The results of RT-qPCR were consistent with those of sequencing. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive expression area of SOHLH1 in the irradiation group [(23.18±4.00)%] was significantly lower than that of the sham group [(65.90±6.28)%, P=0.005], while the positive expression area of NE [(30.73±4.00)%] was significantly higher than that of the sham group [(14.47±2.22)%, P=0.024]. Conclusion:X-RIAEs can induce an inflammatory reaction in ovarian tissue and inhibit the growth and development of ovarian follicles in mice, which leads to a decrease in ovarian reserve.

Objective:To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of the X-ray radiation-induced abscopal effects (X-RIAEs) on the ovarian reserve of mice.Methods:Totally sixteen female C57BL/6J mice aged 6-8 weeks with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided into the sham group ( n=8) and irradiation group ( n=8). After anesthesia, the mice in the irradiation group were irradiated with 8 Gy X-ray on the local area of the chest every day for 3 d, while the mice in the sham group were not irradiated. After irradiation 21 d, the estrous cycle, serum hormones, serum pro-inflammatory factors, and ovarian morphological changes were detected. Ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to detect the expression of transcriptional levels in mouse ovarian tissues. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and analyzed by gene ontology-biological process (GO_BP). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) verified the sequencing results. The expression and localization of spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix-containing protein 1 (SOHLH1) and neutrophil elastase (NE) in ovarian tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results:Compared with mice in the sham group, the irradiation group had a disordered estrous cycle, reduced primordial follicles[10.50 (1.25, 12.75) vs. 60.00 (30.00, 90.25), P<0.001] and growing follicles [(4.50 (2.50, 9.00) vs. 18.50 (18.00, 20.75), P<0.001], significantly increased atretic follicles [56.00 (45.25, 98.75) vs. 12.50 (5.25, 20.25), P<0.001]. The levels of serum estradiol [(70.28±5.27) pmol/L] and anti-Müllerian hormone [(104.00±6.98) μg/L] in the irradiation group were significantly lower than those in the sham group [(97.58±7.25) pmol/L, P=0.016; (129.70±8.39) μg/L, P=0.046], but the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the irradiation group was not significantly different from that in the sham group ( P>0.05). Compared with the sham group, the serum levels of TNF-α [(488.30±36.20) μg/L vs. (31.61±12.89) μg/L, P<0.001] and IL-1β [(62.37±2.50) μg/L vs. (52.75±2.06) μg/L, P=0.018] in the irradiation group were significantly increased, and the serum level of interleukin (IL)-6 in the irradiation group was also increased compared with the sham group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The results of GO_BP analysis showed that the down-regulated DGEs were mainly involved in the process of follicular development, and the up-regulated DGEs were involved in the inflammation process. The results of RT-qPCR were consistent with those of sequencing. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive expression area of SOHLH1 in the irradiation group [(23.18±4.00)%] was significantly lower than that of the sham group [(65.90±6.28)%, P=0.005], while the positive expression area of NE [(30.73±4.00)%] was significantly higher than that of the sham group [(14.47±2.22)%, P=0.024]. Conclusion:X-RIAEs can induce an inflammatory reaction in ovarian tissue and inhibit the growth and development of ovarian follicles in mice, which leads to a decrease in ovarian reserve.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu capsule on serum sex hormones， sexual organs and estrogen signaling pathway in female rats with premature ovarian failure. MethodThe key target proteins of Jiawei Bazhen Yimu capsule in the treatment of premature ovarian failure were screened out by network pharmacology analysis. Female healthy SD rats were selected, and the rat model of premature ovarian failure was established by ovariectomy. Fifty ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into a model group, an estradiol (E₂) valerate group, and Jiawei Bazhen Yimu capsule low, medium, and high-dose groups. Another 10 healthy female rats were set as a sham operation group. The sham operation group and the model group were given distilled water by gavage, and other administration groups were given corresponding doses of drugs by gavage. After 21 d, the serum hormone levels of female rats were measured, including E₂, progesterone (P), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). Immunofluorescence staining (IF) was used to detect the protein expression levels of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), estrogen metabolism P4503A4 enzyme (CYP3A4), and P45019A1 enzyme (CYP19A1) in the uterine tissues of female rats. ResultAs compared with the model group, the serum E₂ and P levels of female rats in the Jiawei Bazhen Yimu capsule low, medium, and high-dose groups were significantly increased. Jiawei Bazhen Yimu capsule improved the endometrial status of female rats and increased positive expression of ESR1, CYP3A4, and CYP19A1 in the uterine tissues of female rats (P<0.05). ConclusionThe mechanism of Jiawei Bazhenyimu capsule in the treatment of premature ovarian failure may be related to its hormone-like effect and activation of the estrogen signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of random forest(RF)model based on CT images and clinical data for preoperative T staging of colorectal cancer. Methods Four hundred and fifty patients with colorectal cancer who were pathologically confirmed by surgery and underwent preoperative CT examinationinthe first hospital of Jilin university from January 2016 to July 2016 were included retrospectively(Stage≤T2,T3,and T4 each has 150 cases).According to the ratio of 2:1,the patients were divided into training set(300 cases)and test set(150 cases,stage ≤T2,T3,and T4 each has 50 cases)by computer random software. Each of 450 patients had one lesion. All the patients underwent preoperative abdominal and pelvic contrast-enhanced CT scan.The clinical,imaging and pathological data[gender,age, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) expression, intestinal wall deformation, maximum diameter of tumorand thickness of intestinal wall, location, enhancement homogeneity and enhancement rate]of these patients were collected.The correlation between the collected factors and pathological T staging was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.The preoperative staging model of colorectal cancer was established by RF algorithm in the training set.Two kinds of methods(model and traditional method)were used to diagnose T stage of the patients in the test set.The accuracy of the two methods was calculated by postoperative pathological staging as the gold standard.The consistency test was used to evaluate the consistency of the RF model results with the pathological results. Results T-staging was positively correlated with CEA, CA19-9, intestinal wall deformation, tumor size and thickness of intestinal wall(r=0.449,0.291,0.624,0.573,0.386;P<0.05).Age,location,enhancement homogeneity and enhancement rate were slightly negatively correlated with T-staging(r=-0.115,-0.245,-0.120 and-0.339;P<0.05).The predictive results of the model in≤T2,T3,and T4 stage cancers were moderately and highly consistent with the standard of pathology,and the Kappa value were 0.769,0.615 and 0.800,respectively.The total accuracy rate of the model andthe traditional method are 80.7%(121/150)and 54.0%(81/150). Conclusion Application of random forest model based on multi-slice spiral CT images and clinical data can improve the diagnostic efficacy of preoperative T stage of colorectal cancer.