Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

Objective To explore the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on the survival of patients after radical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Between March 2007 and March 2010,229 HCC patients who underwent radical resection were retrospectively studied.Patients who underwent resection alone were used as the control group (138 patients) while those who received post-operative adjuvant TACE was used as the interventional group.In order to balance the covariates between the groups,a matched comparison of the patients was done by selecting patients using the propensity score matching (PSM).Then,the efficacy of adjuvant TACE upon survival was evaluated.Results After PSM,we obtained 67 pairs of patients.The survival time for the interventional and the control groups were 32.1 months and 28.3 months respectively.The survival rates at year 1,2,3 post-resection were 94.0％,84.8％ and 75.3％ in the interventional group versus 83.6％,69.9％ and 61.5％ in the control group respectively.There were no significant differences between the two groups (P =0.062).Univariate analysis showed the serum level of AFP,tumor size,number of tumor,BCLC stage,and adjuvant TACE significantly affected the survival of HCC patients who received radical resection (P ＜0.05).Cox model suggested that AFP≥400 μg/L and tumor diameter ＞ 5 cm were independent risk factors of survival for HCC patients who received radical resection (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Postoperative adjuvant TACE had no positive effect on survival,and AFP level ≥ 400 μg/L and tumor size ＞5 cm were independent risk factors of survival of HCC patients who received radical resection.

Objective: The effect of thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radical hepatectomy was assessed. Methods: A total of 558 HCC patients treated by radical hepatectomy were retrospectively collected. Patients in the treatment group (n=146) received postoperative Tα1 therapy, whereas patients in the control group (n=412) did not. Propensity scale matching was conducted to improve the balance between the two groups. Changes in liver function, recurrence-free survival rates, and overall survival rates were compared between the two groups. Results: Postoperative liver function (i.e., TBIL, ALB, ALT, and PT) in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). The one-, two-, and three-year recurrence-free survival rates and overall survival rates in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.019 and P=0.011, respectively). Conclusion:Postoperative Tα1 therapy can improve postoperative liver function, thus significantly prolonging recurrence-free survival and overall survival.

Objective:The effect of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radical hepatectomy was assessed. Methods:A total of 478 HBV-HCC patients treated by radical hepatectomy were retrospectively col-lected. Patients in the treatment group (n=141) received postoperative lamivudine therapy (100 mg/d), whereas patients in the control group (n=337) did not. Recurrence-free survival rates, overall survival rates, treatments for recurrent HCC and cause of death were com-pared between the two groups. Propensity score matching was also conducted to reduce confounding bias between the groups. Results:The one-, three-, and five-year recurrence-free survival rates didn't significantly differ between the two groups (P=0.778);however, the one-, three-, and five-year overall survival rates in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.002). Similar results were observed in the matched data. Subgroup analysis showed that antiviral treatment conferred a significant sur-vival benefit for Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer stage A/B patients. Following HCC recurrence, more people in the treatment group were able to choose curative treatments than those in the control group (P=0.031). For cause of death, fewer people in the treatment group died of liver failure than those in the control group (P=0.041). Conclusion:Postoperative antiviral therapy increases chances of receiving curative treatments for recurrent HCC and prevents death because of liver failure, thereby significantly prolonging overall sur-vival, especially in early-or intermedian-stage tumors.