In recent years, bispecific antibodies (BsAb), including targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) ×CD3 and G protein-coupled orphan receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) ×CD3, have been extensively studied for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Teclistamab (BCMA×CD3) was the first BsAb approved for RRMM in 2022 by Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and elranatamab was approved in 2023. BsAb targeting BCMA×CD3 including alnuctamab, WVT078, ABBV-383, linvoseltamab, and F182112, as well as talquetamab and LBL-034 targeting GPRC5D×CD3 are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Combining with the reports in the 65th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH), this paper reviews the progress of BsAb in treatment of RRMM.

Objective To observe the value of quality control system based on artificial intelligence(AI)for improving imaging quality of chest CT.Methods Totally 1 726 CT images obtained from 415 patients were retrospectively collected,among which 1 414 images were used for convolutional neural network(CNN)training and the rest 312 images were used for validation.Precision,Recall,F1-Score,mean average precision(mAP)and intersection over union(IOU)of quality control system based on AI for chest CT scanning were calculated.Meanwhile,21 patients with unsatisfactory chest CT who would undergo re-examination were prospectively enrolled,and chest CT scanning with quality control system based on AI were performed.The results of 2 examinations were compared.Results Precision,Recall,F1-Score,mAP and IOU of quality control system based on AI for chest CT were all good.All 21 cases were diagnosed correctly with re-examination CT based on quality control system.Among 21 cases,the first CT misdiagnosed 19 cases,the displaying of the area,volume and display quality of pulmonary nodules were not significantly different,but the morphology,boundaries,spiny protrusions,vacuolar signs,inflatable bronchial signs of nodules as well as the thickened and twisted blood vessels were obviously different between 2 times examination.The first CT missed 1 case while correctly diagnosed 1 case.Conclusion The quality control system based on AI was helpful for improving imaging quality of chest CT and increasing diagnostic efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation therapy for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 80 PTMC patients admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) from January 2018 to September 2020. All cases were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received PTMC radical surgery, while the observation group received ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation. The situation of new tumors and cervical lymph node metastasis in both groups was observed through follow-up, the relative indexes of operation and safety of the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of situation of new tumors and cervical lymph node metastasis between the two groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay in the observation group were less than those in the control group: (20.23 ± 5.07) min vs. (54.51 ± 12.13) min, (1.68 ± 0.28) ml vs.(13.68 ± 2.31) ml, (1.82 ± 0.32) d vs. (5.43 ± 0.57) d, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group: 5.00%(2/40) vs. 25.00%(10/40), there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of PTMC is safe and effective, minimally invasive in beauty, and can effectively reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immediate intraoperative transapical beating-heart septal myectomy (TA-BSM) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and explored the clinical value of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) during the procedure of TA-BSM.Methods:One hundred and thirty-seven HOCM patients who underwent TA-BSM surgery in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from April 2022 to March 2023 were selected.During the operation, 3D-TEE was used to locate the position of the myocardial circumcision system and navigate the range of myocardial circumcision. The interventricular septal thickness( IVST) and peak pressure gradient of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT-PG) were measured, and the degree of mitral systolic anterior motion (SAM) and mitral regurgitation (MR) were evaluated in HOCM patients before and after the operation. The range of the incisal margin was measured, and the number of resection knives and the weight of the removed myocardium were recorded.Results:TA-BSM under 3D-TEE navigation was successfully performed in 137 HOCM patients. The number of resection was 7(5, 9), and the weight of the removed myocardium was 5.6(3.4, 8.9)g. During the operation, there were no adverse events such as death, aortic valve injury, and iatrogenic interventricular septal perforation. Compared with those before the operation, the wall thickness of basal and middle segments of the anterior and posterior interventricular septum decreased significantly (all P<0.001), and LVOT-PG decreased significantly ( P<0.001). After TA-BSM, the number of patients with SAM≥3 decreased from 94 cases (68.6%) to 2 cases (1.5%), and the number of patients with MR≥3+ decreased from 86 cases (62.8%) to 9 cases (6.6%)(all P<0.001). For the patients with different degrees of ventricular septal hypertrophy (mild, moderate, and severe), the postoperative IVST and LVOT-PG were significantly lower than the preoperative values, and the degree of MR and SAM signs was relieved considerably. The length of the incisal margin, the weight of excised myocardium, and the number of resection in the group with extensive septal hypertrophy in all three regions were significantly higher than those in the group with localized interventricular septal hypertrophy in single or two areas (all P<0.05). Conclusions:3D-TEE can guide and monitor the process of TA-BSM myocardial resection in real-time. By accurately evaluating the IVST and the range and hemodynamic characteristics of HOCM patients, it can effectively relieve LVOTO and significantly reduce MR to ensure the safety and effectiveness of TA-BSM in HOCM patients with different degrees and ranges of hypertrophy.

Cell therapy as represented by chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has made many breakthroughs in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), especially autologous CAR-T targeting B-cell mature antigen (BCMA), bispecific CAR-T and universal CAR-T have achieved good curative effect in many clinical studies of MM. A variety of clinical studies with remarkable results were updated at the 63rd American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.

Objective:To review the treatment experience of extremely premature infants (EPIs) with gestational age (GA) <23 weeks.Methods:From January to November 2021, EPIs with GA<23 weeks treated in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 3 patients with GA of 22 weeks were reviewed, including 2 boys and 1 girl. Their birth weight (BW) was 450~498 g. The duration of hospitalization was 112~126 d. The treatment included early "gentle" management strategies, respiratory management, anti-infection, patent ductus arteriosus treatment and parenteral + enteral nutrition. All 3 infants were discharged from the hospital without further oxygen therapy. All had satisfying oral feeding with no neurological sequelae on follow-up.Conclusions:Early "gentle" management is the key to successful treatment and good prognosis for EPIs with GA<23w

The clinical application of biological immunotherapy such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) and novel targeted therapy has explored a new therapy for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), allogeneic CAR-T, antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and bispecific antibody targeting BCMA have achieved remarkable efficacy and safety in many clinical studies. This article introduces the latest immunotherapy for MM at the 62nd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of rituximab combined with ABVD (epirubicin+ bleomycin+ vindesine +dacarbazine) regimen in treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).Methods:The clinical data of 1 HL patient complicated with AIHA in November 2019 in Henan Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and literatures were reviewed.Results:The patient received left cervical lymph node biopsy and bone marrow biopsy, and then lymphoma-related gene mutations and whole genetic genome detection were performed. The patient was diagnosed as HL (tuberous sclerosis in stage Ⅳ) complicated with AIHA. After 6 cycles of rituximab combined with ABVD regimen, the efficacy was evaluated. This patient's anemia was recovered, and HL also achieved complete remission.Conclusions:Rituximab combined with ABVD regimen is effective in treatment of HL patients complicated with AIHA.

OBJECTIVE：To realize refined management of tablets i n the inpatient pharmacy ，and to ensure the medication safety of patients. METHODS ：Based on intelligent pharmacy ，the dispensing and packaging process under the automated drug dispensing and packaging system （ADDPS）mode was optimized and modified ；PDA barcode scanning technology was applied in all links of taking ，dismantling and adding ，so as to realize the real-time tracking of batch number and inventory ，and improve the drug closed-loop management of tablets. The error rate ，staff consumption time and pharmacist/nurse satisfaction were compared before and after the process improvement. RESULTS ：After the process improvement ，the dispensing error rate was decreased from 1.637‰ before improvement to 0.082‰（P＜0.01）；the staff consumption time decreased from （7.52±0.33）h to （5.11±0.24）h （P＜0.01）；the pharmacist/nurse satisfaction increased from 66.5％ to 93.4％（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Based on ADDPS ，the application of PDA barcode scanning technology standardizes the tablets management of inpatient pharmacy ，supplements and improves the drug closed-loop information ，realizes batch number tracking and inventory management ，reduces the occurrence of tablet dispensing errors ，improves the work efficiency and satisfaction of pharmacists ，and ensures the safety of clinical medication.

Acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) refers to ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion of internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery and vertebrobasilar artery, which has the characteristics of large infarct, relatively poor outcome, higher disability and mortality. Therefore, early vascular recanalization and rescue of ischemic penumbra are the key to improve the outcome of patients with AIS-LVO. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has a definite effect on AIS-LVO. The current guidelines recommend that MT should be performed on the basis of IVT for AIS-LVO patients without contraindications of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), the so-called bridging therapy. IVT can increase the risk of bleeding to a certain extent, delay MT and increase the cost of hospitalization. However, there are still many controversies about whether the patients with AIS-LVO can directly perform MT. This article reviews the comparative study of direct MT and bridging therapy in patients with anterior circulation AIS-LVO, hoping to provide reference for clinicians in the treatment of AIS-LVO.