Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Qi Shi Shen Shu Capsule combined with dapagliflozin in treating type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods 120 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy(qi-yin liangxu syndrome)admitted to the endocrinology department in the inpatient and outpatient depart-ments of endocrinology from May 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into control and observation groups(60 cases each).The control group received dapagliflozin plus placebo capsules,while the observation group received dapagliflozin plus Qi Shi Shen Shu Capsule for 6 months.The therapeutic effects were observed between the two groups.Parameters including serum creatinine(Scr),urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(uACR),24-hour urinary protein quantification(24hUP),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and high sensitivity-C reactive protein(hs-CRP)were measured be-fore and after treatment.Results The total effective rate was higher(P＜0.05)in the observation group(93.33％)than in the control group(78.33％).After treatment,both groups showed decreased levels of uACR,Scr,24hUP,HbA1c,TNF-α,IL-6,and hs-CRP compared with baseline,with lower levels in the obser-vation group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Qi Shi Shen Shu Capsule combined with dapagliflozin can effectively re-duce uACR,Scr levels and serum inflammatory cytokines levels in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） is a common chronic progressive disease in middle-aged and elderly men， characterized by prostate enlargement and bladder outlet obstruction， leading to symptoms such as frequent urination， urgency， and difficulty urinating. The pathogenesis of BPH involves factors such as aging， hormonal metabolic abnormalities， inflammatory responses， and imbalances in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Currently， the main treatment methods for BPH include medication， physical therapy， and surgical intervention. However， medication may cause side effects like sexual dysfunction and hypotension， physical therapy has limited efficacy， and surgery carries risks and postoperative complications. Therefore， there is an urgent need to find safer and more effective treatment options. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its focus on treatment based on syndrome differentiation and a holistic approach， offers therapeutic advantages through multiple pathways and mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that TCM regulates pathways such as phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPK）， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE）， androgen receptor （AR）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad， and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor （HIF-1α/VEGF） to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory response， reduce prostate cell proliferation， and promote apoptosis， thus exerting therapeutic effects. This article summarizes and analyzes the roles of these signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of BPH and the mechanisms of TCM intervention， aiming to provide scientific evidence for clinical treatment and drug development for BPH.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） is a common chronic progressive disease in middle-aged and elderly men， characterized by prostate enlargement and bladder outlet obstruction， leading to symptoms such as frequent urination， urgency， and difficulty urinating. The pathogenesis of BPH involves factors such as aging， hormonal metabolic abnormalities， inflammatory responses， and imbalances in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Currently， the main treatment methods for BPH include medication， physical therapy， and surgical intervention. However， medication may cause side effects like sexual dysfunction and hypotension， physical therapy has limited efficacy， and surgery carries risks and postoperative complications. Therefore， there is an urgent need to find safer and more effective treatment options. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its focus on treatment based on syndrome differentiation and a holistic approach， offers therapeutic advantages through multiple pathways and mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that TCM regulates pathways such as phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPK）， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE）， androgen receptor （AR）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad， and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor （HIF-1α/VEGF） to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory response， reduce prostate cell proliferation， and promote apoptosis， thus exerting therapeutic effects. This article summarizes and analyzes the roles of these signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of BPH and the mechanisms of TCM intervention， aiming to provide scientific evidence for clinical treatment and drug development for BPH.

Objective:To explore the impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy on the occurrence of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent restorative anterior resection, and to analyze associated risk factors.Methods:This study was an observational study. Patients with adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or signet ring cell carcinoma of the rectum located 0-10 cm from the anal verge who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy followed by curative restorative anterior resection at Peking University Cancer Hospital between November 2019 and February 2024 were retrospectively examined. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) metastasis detected preoperatively;(2) follow-up <1 year or stoma closure <6 months; (3) local recurrence or metastasis during follow-up; and (4) stoma without closure or stoma re-creation. The Chinese version of the LARS questionnaire was used to assess bowel function by telephone interview, and patients were classified based on score into no LARS (0-20 points), minor LARS (21-29 points), and major LARS (30–42 points). The incidence of LARS, major LARS, and associated risk factors were analyzed.Results:A total of 52 patients (34 men) were included for analysis. Mean age was 58.0 ± 9.8 years and mean body mass index was 25.1 ± 2.6 kg/m 2. Median follow-up was 27.5 months (range, 12.0-63.7). Median LARS score was 21 (range, 1-41). Twenty-six patients (50.0%) developed LARS after surgery, and half of these (13 cases) were classified as major LARS. Stool clustering (repeated defecation within 1 hour) was observed in 80.8% (42/52) of patients. Distance between the tumor edge and the dentate line [odds ratio (OR), 3.597; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.140-11.360; P=0.026], management of the left colic artery (OR, 0.133; 95% CI, 0.026-0.691; P=0.008), and interval of stoma closure (OR, 5.250; 95%CI, 1.381-19.960; P=0.011) were significantly associated with LARS. Interval of stoma closure was significantly associated with major LARS (OR, 4.200; 95%CI, 1.064–16.584; P=0.040). In multivariate logistic regression, ≤3.5 cm between the tumor edge and the dentate line (OR, 7.407; 95%CI, 1.377-40.000; P=0.020), non-preservation of the left colic artery (OR, 8.403; 95%CI, 1.183-58.823; P=0.033) and interval of stoma closure >6 months (OR, 10.865; 95% CI, 2.039-57.896; P=0.005) were independent risk factors for LARS. Interval of stoma closure >6 months (OR, 4.356; 95% CI, 1.105-17.167; P=0.035) were independent risk factors for major LARS. Conclusion:Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy experienced a high incidence of LARS after curative surgery, with stool clustering as the predominant symptom. Tumor edge–dentate line distance ≤3.5 cm, non-preservation of the left colic artery, and interval of stoma closure >6 months were risk factors for LARS.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of Dahuang Tangluo Pills on intestinal inflammatory injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats based on TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Eight ZDF(fa/+)rats were used as the blank group,and 40 ZDF(fa/fa)rats were fed with high-fat diet and then randomly divided into model group,metformin group(0.18 g/kg metformin)and TCM high-,medium-and low-dosage groups(2.16,1.08,0.54 g/kg Dahuang Tangluo Pills),respectively.The medication groups were gavaged with corresponding dosages for 12 consecutive weeks.The body mass and fasting blood glucose(FBG)of rats before and after intervention were detected.After the intervention,an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed,the serum glucose(GLU),glycosylated serum protein(GSP),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)contents were detected.ELISA was used to detect serum fasting insulin(FINS),free fatty acids(FFA)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),secreted immunoglobulin A(SIgA)contents in colonic tissue.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of colonic tissue,and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Toll like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65),p-NF-κB p65,NF-κB inhibitor α(IκBα),p-IκBα,myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)and zona pellucida protein-1(ZO-1)in colonic tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,the body mass and FBG significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01),blood glucose significantly increased at all time points of OGTT(P<0.01),serum GLU,GSP,TG,TC,LDL-C,FINS,FFA and TNF-α,IL-6,IL-22,LPS contents in colonic tissue significantly increased,serum HDL-C and colonic tissue SIgA contents significantly decreased(P<0.01),with colonic tissue nuclear condensation,cytoplasmic dissolution,inflammatory cell infiltration.The protein expressions of TLR4,NF-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65,p-IκBα and MyD88 in colonic tissue significantly increased,while the protein expressions of IκBα and ZO-1 significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the body mass and FBG significantly decreased in metformin group,TCM high-and medium-dosage groups(P<0.01),blood glucose decreased at different time points of OGTT,and serum GLU,GSP,TG,TC,LDL-C,FINS,FFA and TNF-α,IL-6,IL-22,LPS contents in colonic tissue significantly decreased,serum HDL-C and colonic tissue SIgA contents significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),with significant improvement in colonic tissue structure and reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration.The protein expressions of TLR4,NF-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65,p-IκBα and MyD88 in colonic tissue significantly decreased,while the proteins expression of IκBα and ZO-1 significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Dahuang Tangluo Pills may inhibit the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,reduce the release of inflammatory factors,improve intestinal inflammatory injury,restore intestinal homeostasis,thereby improving glucose and lipid metabolism and exerting therapeutic effects on T2DM.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of hydropuncture combined with concentrated growth factor (CGF) injection in improving facial aging.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, 90 female patients with facial aging were prospectively enrolled at Plastic Surgery Hospital of Zhengzhou First People′s Hospital from January to August 2023, aged (34.0±1.5) years. Participants were randomly divided into three groups using a random number table ( n=30): hydropuncture group, CGF group, and combined hydropuncture-CGF group. All patients received monthly treatments for three sessions. Efficacy was evaluated one month after the third treatment using the VISIA skin analysis system to score pore size, skin texture, red areas, and brown spots. The clinical outcomes of facial rejuvenation and patient satisfaction were compared among the groups. Adverse reactions, including redness, pain, and allergies, were recorded. Results:Compared with the baseline data, all groups showed significant improvement in all parameters post-treatment (all P<0.01). Pretreatment scores for pores, texture, red areas, and brown spots exhibited no significant differences among groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the combined group demonstrated the highest improvement, with significantly better scores for all parameters compared to the hydropuncture and CGF groups (all P<0.01). Patient satisfaction rates were 56.7% (17/30) in the hydropuncture group, 60.0% (18/30) in the CGF group, and 70.0% (21/30) in the combined group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.001). No severe adverse reactions, such as infection, nodules, or hyperplasia, were observed in any group. Conclusion:Hydropuncture combined with CGF injection effectively improves facial aging with a high safety profile and no severe adverse reactions.

Objective:To explore the impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy on the occurrence of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent restorative anterior resection, and to analyze associated risk factors.Methods:This study was an observational study. Patients with adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or signet ring cell carcinoma of the rectum located 0-10 cm from the anal verge who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy followed by curative restorative anterior resection at Peking University Cancer Hospital between November 2019 and February 2024 were retrospectively examined. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) metastasis detected preoperatively;(2) follow-up <1 year or stoma closure <6 months; (3) local recurrence or metastasis during follow-up; and (4) stoma without closure or stoma re-creation. The Chinese version of the LARS questionnaire was used to assess bowel function by telephone interview, and patients were classified based on score into no LARS (0-20 points), minor LARS (21-29 points), and major LARS (30–42 points). The incidence of LARS, major LARS, and associated risk factors were analyzed.Results:A total of 52 patients (34 men) were included for analysis. Mean age was 58.0 ± 9.8 years and mean body mass index was 25.1 ± 2.6 kg/m 2. Median follow-up was 27.5 months (range, 12.0-63.7). Median LARS score was 21 (range, 1-41). Twenty-six patients (50.0%) developed LARS after surgery, and half of these (13 cases) were classified as major LARS. Stool clustering (repeated defecation within 1 hour) was observed in 80.8% (42/52) of patients. Distance between the tumor edge and the dentate line [odds ratio (OR), 3.597; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.140-11.360; P=0.026], management of the left colic artery (OR, 0.133; 95% CI, 0.026-0.691; P=0.008), and interval of stoma closure (OR, 5.250; 95%CI, 1.381-19.960; P=0.011) were significantly associated with LARS. Interval of stoma closure was significantly associated with major LARS (OR, 4.200; 95%CI, 1.064–16.584; P=0.040). In multivariate logistic regression, ≤3.5 cm between the tumor edge and the dentate line (OR, 7.407; 95%CI, 1.377-40.000; P=0.020), non-preservation of the left colic artery (OR, 8.403; 95%CI, 1.183-58.823; P=0.033) and interval of stoma closure >6 months (OR, 10.865; 95% CI, 2.039-57.896; P=0.005) were independent risk factors for LARS. Interval of stoma closure >6 months (OR, 4.356; 95% CI, 1.105-17.167; P=0.035) were independent risk factors for major LARS. Conclusion:Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy experienced a high incidence of LARS after curative surgery, with stool clustering as the predominant symptom. Tumor edge–dentate line distance ≤3.5 cm, non-preservation of the left colic artery, and interval of stoma closure >6 months were risk factors for LARS.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of Dahuang Tangluo Pills on intestinal inflammatory injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats based on TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Eight ZDF(fa/+)rats were used as the blank group,and 40 ZDF(fa/fa)rats were fed with high-fat diet and then randomly divided into model group,metformin group(0.18 g/kg metformin)and TCM high-,medium-and low-dosage groups(2.16,1.08,0.54 g/kg Dahuang Tangluo Pills),respectively.The medication groups were gavaged with corresponding dosages for 12 consecutive weeks.The body mass and fasting blood glucose(FBG)of rats before and after intervention were detected.After the intervention,an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed,the serum glucose(GLU),glycosylated serum protein(GSP),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)contents were detected.ELISA was used to detect serum fasting insulin(FINS),free fatty acids(FFA)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),secreted immunoglobulin A(SIgA)contents in colonic tissue.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of colonic tissue,and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Toll like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65),p-NF-κB p65,NF-κB inhibitor α(IκBα),p-IκBα,myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)and zona pellucida protein-1(ZO-1)in colonic tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,the body mass and FBG significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01),blood glucose significantly increased at all time points of OGTT(P<0.01),serum GLU,GSP,TG,TC,LDL-C,FINS,FFA and TNF-α,IL-6,IL-22,LPS contents in colonic tissue significantly increased,serum HDL-C and colonic tissue SIgA contents significantly decreased(P<0.01),with colonic tissue nuclear condensation,cytoplasmic dissolution,inflammatory cell infiltration.The protein expressions of TLR4,NF-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65,p-IκBα and MyD88 in colonic tissue significantly increased,while the protein expressions of IκBα and ZO-1 significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the body mass and FBG significantly decreased in metformin group,TCM high-and medium-dosage groups(P<0.01),blood glucose decreased at different time points of OGTT,and serum GLU,GSP,TG,TC,LDL-C,FINS,FFA and TNF-α,IL-6,IL-22,LPS contents in colonic tissue significantly decreased,serum HDL-C and colonic tissue SIgA contents significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),with significant improvement in colonic tissue structure and reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration.The protein expressions of TLR4,NF-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65,p-IκBα and MyD88 in colonic tissue significantly decreased,while the proteins expression of IκBα and ZO-1 significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Dahuang Tangluo Pills may inhibit the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,reduce the release of inflammatory factors,improve intestinal inflammatory injury,restore intestinal homeostasis,thereby improving glucose and lipid metabolism and exerting therapeutic effects on T2DM.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of hydropuncture combined with concentrated growth factor (CGF) injection in improving facial aging.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, 90 female patients with facial aging were prospectively enrolled at Plastic Surgery Hospital of Zhengzhou First People′s Hospital from January to August 2023, aged (34.0±1.5) years. Participants were randomly divided into three groups using a random number table ( n=30): hydropuncture group, CGF group, and combined hydropuncture-CGF group. All patients received monthly treatments for three sessions. Efficacy was evaluated one month after the third treatment using the VISIA skin analysis system to score pore size, skin texture, red areas, and brown spots. The clinical outcomes of facial rejuvenation and patient satisfaction were compared among the groups. Adverse reactions, including redness, pain, and allergies, were recorded. Results:Compared with the baseline data, all groups showed significant improvement in all parameters post-treatment (all P<0.01). Pretreatment scores for pores, texture, red areas, and brown spots exhibited no significant differences among groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the combined group demonstrated the highest improvement, with significantly better scores for all parameters compared to the hydropuncture and CGF groups (all P<0.01). Patient satisfaction rates were 56.7% (17/30) in the hydropuncture group, 60.0% (18/30) in the CGF group, and 70.0% (21/30) in the combined group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.001). No severe adverse reactions, such as infection, nodules, or hyperplasia, were observed in any group. Conclusion:Hydropuncture combined with CGF injection effectively improves facial aging with a high safety profile and no severe adverse reactions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Shenqi Tangluo pill （SQTLP） on oxidative stress injury of skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） mice based on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）/NAD（P）H quinone oxidoreductase 1 （NQO1） pathway. MethodA total of 60 7-week-old male db/db mice ［specific pathogen-free （SPF） grade］ were selected and fed for one week for adaption. They were divided into the model control group， SQTLP low-， medium- and high-dose （19， 38， and 76 g·kg^-1） groups and metformin group （0.26 g·kg^-1） by gavage. Each group consisted of 12 mice. Twelve male db/m mice of the same age were selected as the blank group. The intervention was implemented continuously for 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose （FBG） was detected. Fasting serum insulin （FINS） levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） index and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin sensitivity index （HOMA-ISI） were calculated. Oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） and insulin tolerance test （ITT） were conducted. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH） in skeletal muscle tissues were detected by biochemical kits. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in skeletal muscle tissues. The levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE） in skeletal muscle tissue were detected by immunofluorescence （IF）. The expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit （GCLC） proteins in skeletal muscle tissues were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with those in the blank group， FBG， FINS and HOMA-IR in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while HOMA-ISI was decreased （P<0.05）. The results of OGTT and ITT showed that blood glucose was significantly increased at all time points （P<0.05）， and glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were significantly impaired. SOD and GSH-Px activities in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and MDA and NADPH contents were significantly increased （P<0.05）. In skeletal muscle tissues， the arrangement of muscle fibers was loose， the nucleus was disordered， and inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The expression levels of ROS and 4-HNE in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly increased （P<0.05）. The protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO1 and GCLC in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group， FBG， FINS and HOMA-IR in the metformin group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， while HOMA-ISI was increased （P<0.05）. The results of OGTT and ITT showed that blood glucose in the metformin group was significantly decreased at all time points （P<0.05）. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the contents of MDA and NADPH were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. No obvious abnormality was found in the skeletal muscle tissue of the metformin group. The expressions of ROS and 4-HNE in skeletal muscle tissues were decreased （P<0.05）. The protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO1 and GCLC in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group， FBG， FINS and HOMA-IR in the SQTLP medium- and high-dose groups were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， while HOMA-ISI was increased （P<0.05）. The results of OGTT and ITT showed that the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance of mice were improved in each dose group of SQTLP. The GSH-Px activity in the SQTLP low-dose group was significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the NADPH content was decreased （P<0.05）. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the SQTLP medium- and high-dose groups were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the contents of MDA and NADPH were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The skeletal muscle tissue injury of mice in each dose group of SQTLP was ameliorated to different degrees. In the SQTLP medium- and high-dose groups， the expressions of ROS and 4-HNE were decreased （P<0.05）， and the protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO1 and GCLC were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with those in the SQTLP low-dose group， FBG and HOMA-IR in the SQTLP high-dose group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， while HOMA-ISI was increased （P<0.05）. The results of OGTT and ITT showed that the SQTLP high-dose group significantly improved the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance of mice. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in skeletal muscle tissues were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the contents of MDA and NADPH were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. No obvious abnormality was found in the skeletal muscle tissue， the expressions of ROS and 4-HNE were decreased （P<0.05）， and the protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO1 and GCLC were significantly increased （P<0.05） in the skeletal muscle tissue of the SQTLP high-dose group. ConclusionSQTLP can significantly improve IR in T2DM mice， and the mechanism is related to SQTLP activating the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway， promoting the expression of antioxidant enzymes， and thus improving the oxidative stress injury in the skeletal muscle.