Objective The optimum formulation process was selected to prepare the ethosomes of Cortex Dictamni-Fructus Kochiae,and its prescription was verified and its properties were studied.Methods The formulation was optimized by single factor and response surface test.The appearance,particle size,Zeta potential and stability were investigated.The encapsulation rate was used as the evaluation index.Results The optimum preparation process of ethosomes of Cortex Dictamni-Fructus Kochiae is as follows:Using the dosage of lyophilized powder 409.06 mg,soybean lecithin 258.07 mg,cholesterol 90.87 mg,ethanol volume fraction 22.76％,stirred for 2 hours at 700 r·min-1 at 50 ℃ water bath temperature,The appearance of the prepared ethosomes suspension was light yellow,and the particles were nearly spherical in shape.The average particle size was(103.1±0.78)nm,the Zeta potential was(-36.0±3.65)mV,and the average encapsulation rates of Xibutanone,ash,and saponin Ⅰc were(89.25±0.91)％,(80.16±1.52)％,(86.59±0.58)％,respectively.After 14 days of storage at room temperature,the results showed that:The ethosomal suspension is still a light yellow,uniform,and stable liquid,and there is no stratified precipitation phenomenon.Conclusion The method of ethanol injection is easy to operate,high encapsulation rate and good stability,which lays a foundation for further study on the skin administration of this preparation.

Objective The optimum formulation process was selected to prepare the ethosomes of Cortex Dictamni-Fructus Kochiae,and its prescription was verified and its properties were studied.Methods The formulation was optimized by single factor and response surface test.The appearance,particle size,Zeta potential and stability were investigated.The encapsulation rate was used as the evaluation index.Results The optimum preparation process of ethosomes of Cortex Dictamni-Fructus Kochiae is as follows:Using the dosage of lyophilized powder 409.06 mg,soybean lecithin 258.07 mg,cholesterol 90.87 mg,ethanol volume fraction 22.76％,stirred for 2 hours at 700 r·min-1 at 50 ℃ water bath temperature,The appearance of the prepared ethosomes suspension was light yellow,and the particles were nearly spherical in shape.The average particle size was(103.1±0.78)nm,the Zeta potential was(-36.0±3.65)mV,and the average encapsulation rates of Xibutanone,ash,and saponin Ⅰc were(89.25±0.91)％,(80.16±1.52)％,(86.59±0.58)％,respectively.After 14 days of storage at room temperature,the results showed that:The ethosomal suspension is still a light yellow,uniform,and stable liquid,and there is no stratified precipitation phenomenon.Conclusion The method of ethanol injection is easy to operate,high encapsulation rate and good stability,which lays a foundation for further study on the skin administration of this preparation.

Objective:To investigate effect of Gehua Jiecheng Decoction on IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in colon tissue of ulcerative colitis with"inflammatory to cancer transformation"(UC-UCAC)mice of spleen deficiency and damp-heat type.Methods:Ten from 80 SPF C57BL/6 male mice were randomly selected as blank group and other 70 mice were selected as model group.After establishment of spleen deficient damp-heat model,mice were randomly divided into model group(1st,2nd and 3rd cycle),Gehua Jiecheng Decoction high,medium and low doses groups and mesalazine group,with 10 pieces per group.UC-UCAC transformation model was further established with azo methane oxide solution(AOM)/sodium glucan sulfate(DSS).Each group was treated with corresponding drugs for 4 weeks.General state of mice was observed.Score of disease activity index(DAI)was calculated.HE staining was used to observe colonic mucosa pathology of mice.EGFR,IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins and genes expressions in mice colon tissues were detected by Western blot,IHC and RT-qPCR,respectively.Results:Compared with blank group,mice in model group(3rd cycle)were generally in a worse state,colon mucosal tissue was cancerous,DAI score,target proteins and genes expressions were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with model group(3rd cycle),general state of mice in all treatment groups were restored and colonic tissues pathology were improved to some extent.Target proteins and genes expressions in other treatment groups were significantly decreased except for Gehua Jiecheng Decoction low-dose group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Gehua Jiecheng Decoction may destroy tumor inflammatory microenvironment,repair damaged colonic mucosa tissue,delay inflamma-tion-cancer transformation process and prevent UCAC by inhibiting activation of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Background Pesticides like organophosphorus and pyrethroids are extensively utilized, and associated potential human health risks arising from multi-route exposure, including environmental sources and dietary intake, cannot be overlooked. Conducting human exposure studies using pesticide exposure biomarkers is essential for an objective evaluation of human pesticide exposure levels. Objective To develop a rapid and precise liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the detection of 12 pesticide metabolites in urine, including 5 metabolites of organophosphorus pesticide, 4 metabolites of pyrethroid pesticide, 2 metabolites of herbicides, and 1 metabolite of insecticide. Methods After overnight enzymatic hydrolysis, urine samples were subjected to extraction and purification using Oasis HLB 96-well solid-phase extraction. Subsequently, the samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and quantified using the isotope internal standard method. The developed method was employed to analyze 143 urine samples from a general population to assess its effectiveness and to evaluate pesticide exposure levels. Results All 12 target compounds exhibited good linear ranges, with their correlation coefficients of calibration curves exceeding 0.999. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.02 to 0.19 μg·L⁻¹, while the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.06 to 0.27 μg·L⁻¹. The recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 84% to 112%, and the inter- and intra- day precisions of targeted analystes were 0.43%-9.6% and 1.6%-9.7% respectively. Using this method, 143 urine samples from residents in Jiangsu region were analyzed, and 11 pesticides were detected except N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). Conclusion The established method of solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has the characteristics of low detection limit, good repeatability, and high throughput, which is suitable for quantitative detection of selected 12 pesticides in large batches of human urine samples, and provides technical support for pesticide internal exposure monitoring and health risk assessment.

Acute pancreatitis is a common acute abdomen with a variety of causes and natural course.The incidence rate is increasing year by year.Some patients may develop severe acute pancreatitis,with serious complications and a high risk of death.Therefore,early prediction of the severity of the patient's condition and active treatment are beneficial to reduce the severity and mortality rate of patients and improve the prognosis of patients.In order to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis,many prediction methods have emerged in the clinic,including acute C-reactive protein,urea nitrogen,thyroid hormone,hematocrit,inflammatory factors,visceral fat area,pancreatic necrosis volume,APACHEⅡ,Ranson score,BISAP,EPIC,MCTSI,etc.This article summarizes the serological indicators,imaging methods and scoring systems that can be used to predict severe acute pancreatitis,focusing on their characteristics and limitations.

Acute pancreatitis is a common acute abdomen with a variety of causes and natural course.The incidence rate is increasing year by year.Some patients may develop severe acute pancreatitis,with serious complications and a high risk of death.Therefore,early prediction of the severity of the patient's condition and active treatment are beneficial to reduce the severity and mortality rate of patients and improve the prognosis of patients.In order to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis,many prediction methods have emerged in the clinic,including acute C-reactive protein,urea nitrogen,thyroid hormone,hematocrit,inflammatory factors,visceral fat area,pancreatic necrosis volume,APACHEⅡ,Ranson score,BISAP,EPIC,MCTSI,etc.This article summarizes the serological indicators,imaging methods and scoring systems that can be used to predict severe acute pancreatitis,focusing on their characteristics and limitations.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of a dengue fever outbreak in Hunan province in 2018.Methods:Real-time PCR assay was performed for the laboratory diagnosis of 8 suspected dengue fever cases. Etiological surveillance was performed in 186 suspected dengue fever cases and fever cases who had close contacts with dengue fever patients. C6/36 cells was used for the virus isolation from acute phase serum. By sequencing the full length of E genes of 15 dengue virus strains, phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences obtained, including reference sequences from the NCBI GenBank database, the serotypes and gene subtypes of the virus were analyzed to trace the possible source of transmission. An emergency monitoring of vector density and a retrospective survey of sero-epidemiology in healthy population were conducted in the epidemic area.Results:In the serum samples of 8 suspected patients, 6 were dengue virus RNA positive, and 4 were NS1 antigen positive. In 186 suspected patients, 96 were dengue virus nucleic acid, NS1 antigen or antibody positive in etiological test. A total of 64 dengue virus strains were isolated. The phylogenetic analysis showed that all the dengue virus strains belonged to type 2, which might be from Guangdong or Zhejiang provinces. The Bretub index was up to 65, indicating an extremely high risk of transmission. The positive rate of the dengue virus IgG antibody was 0.53%(2/377) in retrospective survey of 377 healthy people.Conclusion:The field epidemiologic and the molecular genetics analyses showed the outbreak of dengue fever in Hunan in 2018 was caused by imported cases and dengue virus 2.

Objective To evaluate biliary digital imaging technology in determining the type of the intrahepatic bile duct anatomy and the transection plane of the duct in right lobe living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). Methods Mobile digital subtraction angiography was performed to show the intrahepatic bile duct anatomy of 66 liver transplant donor candidates. Combined with metal markers, the bile duct transection plane was defined. Comparing with the actual results, the effect of digital imaging technology in determining the intrahepatic anatomical variations and transection plane of the duct in LDLT was evaluated. Results Intrahepatic bile duct anatomical variations were showed in all donors by using digital imaging technology. type Ⅰ (classical type) was identified in45 cases (68.2%), type Ⅱ (with triple confluence, the simultaneous emptying of the right anterior segmental duct, right posterior segmental duct and left hepatic duct into the common hepatic duct) in 7 cases ( 10.6% ), type Ⅲ (no right hepatic duct stem, right posterior segmental duct draining into common hepatic duct) in 13 cases ( 19. 7% ), type Ⅳ (no right hepatic duct stem, right posterior segmental duct draining into left hepatic duct) in 1 case (1.5%), and type Ⅴ (complex variation ) in no case (0%). As a result, cases of type Ⅰ form a single anastomosis. In type Ⅱ, four cases formed double anastomoses, three cases formed single anastomosis with or without ductoplasty. In type Ⅲ, two anastomoses were formed in 9 cases, single anastomosis in 4 cases with ductoplasty. The case of type Ⅳ had double anastomoses. In all cases right lobe liver were harvested.Conclusions Biliary digital subtraction image combined with metal markers accurately defines intrahepatic bile duct anatomy and the transection plane, helping to reduce number of bile duct anastomosis, and contributes to safe graft harvesting.

Objective To apply Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste to the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.Methods 64 cases of lateral epicondylitis patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each with 32 ones.The subjects from the treatment group were treated with Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste,and the remained with ibuprofen sustained-release capsules.The results after one and two courses were analyzed statistically.Results After two-course treatment,the patient from the treatment group had an higher improvement rate than the others from the control group,with a P value less than 0.05.The treatment course of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,with a P value less than 0.05.Conclusion When compared with ibuprofen sustainedrelease capsule,Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste is more effective for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.