To summarize the clinical experience of treating idiopathic olfactory disorder from the perspective of heart and lungs. It is believed that the sense of olfaction is based on the nose， rooted in the heart， functioning through the lungs， and conveyed by pectoral qi. The key pathogenesis of idiopathic olfactory disorder lies in the accumulation of pathogenic factors in the heart and lungs， blood vessel obstruction， the failure of the lungs to disperse and descend， and the loss of control of pectoral qi. In treatment， internal and external therapies could be combined. The internal therapy can correct the imbalance of the zang-fu organs， using the self-prescribed Bilong Formula （鼻聋方） to dispel wind and diffuse the lung， invigorate blood and relieving stuffy orifices； the external therapy can clear nasal obstruction， supplemented by intradermal needle embedding at three acupoints， bilateral Yingxiang （LI 20）， bilateral Shangyingxiang （EX-HN 8） and Yintang （GV 29）， and integrated olfactory training for comprehensive treatment.

BACKGROUND:Psoralen has a strong anti-osteoporotic activity and may have a restorative effect on chemotherapy-induced osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the restorative effect of psoralen on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in mice inhibited by cyclophosphamide and its mechanism. METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured.Effect of psoralen on viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by MTT assay.Osteogenic induction combined with alkaline phosphatase staining was used to determine the optimal dose of psoralen to restore the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibited by cyclophosphamide.The mRNA expression levels of Runx2,alkaline phosphatase,Osteocalcin,osteoprotegerin,and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related genes Wnt1,Wnt4,Wnt10b,β-catenin,and c-MYC were measured by RT-qPCR at different time points under the intervention with psoralen.The protein expression of osteogenic specific transcription factor Runx2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway related genes Active β-catenin,DKK1,c-MYC,and Cyclin D1 was determined by western blot assay at different time points under the intervention with psoralen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There was no significant effect of different concentrations of psoralen on the viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.The best recovery of the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide was under the intervention of psoralen at a concentration of 200 μmol/L.(2)Psoralen reversed the reduction in osteogenic differentiation marker genes Runx2,alkaline phosphatase,Osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin mRNA expression and Runx2 protein expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide conditioned medium.(3)Psoralen reversed the decrease in Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes Wnt4,β-catenin,c-MYC mRNA and Active β-catenin,c-MYC,and Cyclin D1 protein expression and the increase in DKK1 protein expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide conditioned medium.(4)The results showed that cyclophosphamide inhibited osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in mice,and psoralen had a restorative effect on it.The best intervention effect was achieved at a concentration of 200 μmol/L psoralen,and this protective effect might be related to the activation of Wnt4/β-catenin signaling pathway by psoralen.

This study aims to construct and identify the cDNA expression library of 3rd day larva of Echinococcus granulosus.Echinococcus granulosus protoscolex was isolated and collected from the liver of a fresh infected sheep with cysts,and the experimental dogs were infected manually by mouth.On the 3rd day,approximately 1.5 meters of the duodenal jejunum was taken during the au-topsy,and the worm body was dislodged by swinging it in 38-40 ℃ physiological saline,and then the 3-day larvae of Echinococcus granulosus were collected.Total RNA was extracted by TRIzol reagent,mRNA was isolated and purified using PolyATtract? mRNA Isolation Systems.The cD-NA was synthesized by reverse transcription,ligated with pBluescript sk-vector after addition of a 5'junction and introduced into E.coli by electrotransformation to construct a cDNA expression li-brary for 3-day-old larvae of Echinococcus granulosus.The average length of insert cDNA frag-ments was 1.0-1.2 kb.The initial capacity of constructed library was 1.15×107 CFU/mL,titer of amplified library was 1× 1010 CFU/mL,recombination rate was 100％.The constructed cDNA ex-pression library and the inserted fragment size were suitable.This library is expected to be used for screening candidate genes and diagnostic antigen molecules of definitive hosts canine vaccines of Echinococcus granulosus.

Objective To explore the efficacy of precise surface positioning method in percutaneous screw fixation for Jones fracture.Methods Data of 46 patients with Jones fractures admitted to our hospital from September 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different treatment methods,the patients were divided into screw groups(24 patients fixed by percutaneous screws)and tension band groups(22 patients fixed by incision and reset tension band).The general conditions,follow-up time,surgical time,hospitalization time,fracture reduction quality,postoperative complete weight-bearing time,fracture healing time,and complications in the two groups were recorded and compared.The American Association of Foot and Ankle Surgery(AOFAS)system was used to assess the recovery of foot function.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the general data before the operation between the two groups of patients(P＞0.05).The follow-up time of the two groups was 6 to 24 months.Compared with the tension band group,the screw group had shorter operation time[(32.96±5.35)min vs.(47.27±9.42)min],shorter hospitalization time[(5.75±1.18)d vs.(7.68±2.05)d],earlier postoperative complete weight-bearing time[(6.47±0.73)w vs.(7.29±1.66)w],faster fracture healing time[(3.31±0.68)months vs.(4.29±1.29)months],higher AOFAS score[(89.13±2.62)vs.(79.59±4.49)](all P＜0.05).The tension band group of fracture reduction quality was better than the screw group(P＜0.05).The quality of fracture reduction during the operation in the tension band group was better than that in the screw group(P＜0.05).In terms of complications:no complications occurred in the screw group,one patient in the tension band group developed infection,and one patient had a loose Kirchner needle.Conclusion Precise surface positioning method in percutaneous screw fixation for Jones fracture is a safe and effective method with precise positioning,simple operation,small trauma,and rapid rehabilitation,which is worthy of clinical promotion,but the indications need to be strictly controlled according to the type of fracture.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of the classic prescription Xinyi Powder in the treatment of allergic rhinitis with lung deficiency related cold.METHODS A total of 189 patients who met the inclusion criteria of al-lergic rhinitis with lung deficiency related cold in the otolaryngology clinic of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from Janu-ary 2023 to July 2024 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(n=126)and the control group(n=63).The control group was treated with oral loratadine,and the experimental group took Xinyi Powder.Before and after treatment,the TNSS,TNNSS scores and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups of patients were compared to comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy.The changes in the patients'quality of life were evaluated in multiple dimensions using nasal VAS and RQLQ scores.The changes in serum IL-4,IL-5,IgE,SP and CGRP expression levels were detected by ELISA.RESULTS After 14 days of treatment,the TNSS,TNNSS,VAS,RQLQ scores and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups of patients were reduced(P<0.01);the experi-mental group was better than the control group in improving the concomitant symptoms such as nasal congestion,runny nose,postnasal drip,and itchy eyes(P<0.05,P<0.01),and it could also significantly improve the symptoms of fear of wind and cold,spontaneous sweating,shortness of breath,and cough with thin sputum(P<0.01),and the total RQLQ score was significantly better than the con-trol group(P<0.01).After treatment,the serum IL-4,IL-5,IgE,SP,and CGRP levels of the two groups of patients were signifi-cantly reduced(P<0.01),and there was no statistical difference between the two groups.CONCLUSION Xinyi Powder can signifi-cantly alleviate the nasal symptoms and systemic concomitant symptoms of patients with allergic rhinitis of lung deficiency and cold type,and significantly improve the quality of life of patients.It may play a therapeutic role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and neuropeptides and regulating neuroimmunity.

Objective:To explore clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis(MS)patients in Suzhou,and to analyze main factors affecting their prognosis.Methods:General data,clinical symptoms,cerebrospinal fluid and imaging examinations of 51 MS patients admitted to Department of Neurology of the Second Hospital of Soochow University from July 31,2009 to July 31,2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and main factors affecting their prognosis were discussed.Results:Average age of onset of 51 MS patients was(43.3±15.6)years old,female accounted for 56.9%,male/female=1/1.3.Adult onset MS(AOMS)accounted for 62.8%,male/female=1/1.7;late onset MS(LOMS)accounted for 37.2%,male/female=1/0.9.Relapsing remitting MS(RRMS)accounted for 76.5%,and chronic onset accounted for 60.8%.Average annual recurrence rate was 8.8%.The first symptoms were numbness and weakness of limbs.Dizziness and numbness were more common in patients without recurrence after diagnosis of MS,and limb weak-ness and numbness were more common in patients with recurrence.Among lesions of MRI,62.7%(32/51)of periventricular involve-ment,52.9%(27/51)of spinal cord involvement,51.0%(26/51)of infratentorial involvement.Proportion of subtentorial and spinal cord(cervical,thoracic)involved were significantly higher in patients with recurrent MS than without recurrence.Values of albumin,IgG,IgA and IgM in cerebrospinal fluid increased with increase of recurrence times.EDSS score of male was higher than female,and LOMS score was higher than AOMS.MS patients without relapse had a low EDSS score,and median EDSS score at current follow-up was 0(0,1.00)score.MS score with relapse was relatively high,and median EDSS score at current follow-up was 2.75(0.25,7.25)score.Conclusion:MS patients with chronic onset are more common,with a high proportion of LOMS,and proportion of males increases with increasing age of onset.High EDSS score at first onset,cervical,thoracic and subtentorial lesions,increased values of cerebrospinal fluid albumin,IgG,IgA,IgM,age at first onset(50+years old),male associate with poor MS prognosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the split formulas of Biyuan Heji(BYHJ)on paranasal sinus mucosal in-flammation in rats with acute rhinosinusitis(ARS)based on the pathogenesis of"wind-cold transforming into lung-heat".METHODS Unilateral nasal cavity occlusion combined with nasal dripping of Staphylococcus aureus were performed to establish a rat model of ARS.SD rats were randomly divided into blank,model,BYHJ(wind-cold removal+lung-heat removal),lung-heat removal,wind-cold removal,and positive drug groups,with 6 rats in each group.The rats were treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 d and then the samples were collected.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat paranasal sinus mucosa tissues,ELISA was employed to determine the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,IL-10,and IL-12 in serum,immunohistochemis-try(IHC)was adopted to measure the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM-1)in paranasal sinus mucosa tissues,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of phosphorylated p38 mito-gen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),nuclear transcription factor-κB p50(NF-κB p50),and NF-κB p65 in paranasal sinus mucosa tissues.RESULTS The acute sinusitis rat inflammation model was successfully established.Compared with the model group,the water drinking,diet eating,and body weight of rats in the BYHJ group,wind-cold removal,lung-heat removal,and positive drug groups were significantly improved,the aggregation of inflammatory cells in the paranasal sinus mucosal tissue was reduced,and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,and IL-12 in the serum were significantly reduced(P<0.01),IL-10 content significantly in-creased(P<0.01),the protein expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,p38 MAPK,NF-κB p50,and NF-κB p65 in the paranasal sinus mucosa was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The comparison between various traditional Chinese medicine groups showed that the decrease of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,IL-12,TNF-α,ICAM-1,p38 MAPK,NF-κB p50,and NF-κB p65 and the increase of IL-10 in the BYHJ group were better than those in the split formula groups(P<0.01),and the lung-heat removal group was better than the wind-cold removal group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION BYHJ and its split formulas can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response in rats with ARS.

Objective To evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of three-dimensional(3D)-printed personalized cervical correction pillows for treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Methods A finite element model was established to simulate and analyze the biomechanical changes in cervical spine before and after using the pillow.Additionally,20 patients with chronic neck pain were included to analyze changes in visual analogue scale(VAS)scores,neck disability index(NDI),pressure pain threshold(PPT),Borden value,cervical lordosis,T1 slope,cervical slope,and thoracic inlet angle before and after using the pillow.Results Finite element analysis indicated that the maximum stress on vertebral bodies increased by 64.35％and the maximum stress on cartilage tissues by 5.09％after using the pillow.The Borden value improved by 45.75％.Clinical studies showed a significant reduction in VAS scores,NDI,and PPT after treatment(P＜0.05),while PPT,Borden value,cervical lordosis,T1 slope,and thoracic inlet angle significantly increased(P＜0.05).Conclusions The 3D-printed personalized cervical correction pillow is safe and effective in alleviating neck pain and improving cervical curvature,and it provides a new and effective non-surgical treatment option for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,with significant clinical implications.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the split formulas of Biyuan Heji(BYHJ)on paranasal sinus mucosal in-flammation in rats with acute rhinosinusitis(ARS)based on the pathogenesis of"wind-cold transforming into lung-heat".METHODS Unilateral nasal cavity occlusion combined with nasal dripping of Staphylococcus aureus were performed to establish a rat model of ARS.SD rats were randomly divided into blank,model,BYHJ(wind-cold removal+lung-heat removal),lung-heat removal,wind-cold removal,and positive drug groups,with 6 rats in each group.The rats were treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 d and then the samples were collected.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat paranasal sinus mucosa tissues,ELISA was employed to determine the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,IL-10,and IL-12 in serum,immunohistochemis-try(IHC)was adopted to measure the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM-1)in paranasal sinus mucosa tissues,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of phosphorylated p38 mito-gen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),nuclear transcription factor-κB p50(NF-κB p50),and NF-κB p65 in paranasal sinus mucosa tissues.RESULTS The acute sinusitis rat inflammation model was successfully established.Compared with the model group,the water drinking,diet eating,and body weight of rats in the BYHJ group,wind-cold removal,lung-heat removal,and positive drug groups were significantly improved,the aggregation of inflammatory cells in the paranasal sinus mucosal tissue was reduced,and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,and IL-12 in the serum were significantly reduced(P<0.01),IL-10 content significantly in-creased(P<0.01),the protein expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,p38 MAPK,NF-κB p50,and NF-κB p65 in the paranasal sinus mucosa was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The comparison between various traditional Chinese medicine groups showed that the decrease of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-9,IL-12,TNF-α,ICAM-1,p38 MAPK,NF-κB p50,and NF-κB p65 and the increase of IL-10 in the BYHJ group were better than those in the split formula groups(P<0.01),and the lung-heat removal group was better than the wind-cold removal group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION BYHJ and its split formulas can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response in rats with ARS.

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of Yiqi Wenyang Recipe in the intervention of allergic rhinitis(AR)mice.METHODS C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into blank,model,Yiqi Wenyang Recipe and Yiqi Wenyang Recipe+EX-527[Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)inhibitor]groups.The AR model of mice was established by ovalbumin based challenge sensitization method,each group received corresponding intervention measures.Assessment of behavioral changes in mice;nasal mucosal lesions were observed by HE and toluidine blue staining;the serum levels of interleukin-4(IL-4),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),and immunoglobulin E(IgE)were measured by ELISA;the expression levels of phospho-Janus kinase 2(p-JAK2),phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(p-STAT6),phospho-dynamin-related protein 1(p-Drp1),SIRT1,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α)in nasal mucosa were determined by Western blot combined with immunofluorescence;reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were detected by fluorescent probe method;the morphological changes of mitochondria in the microstructure of na-sal mucosa were observed by transmission electron microscopy.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the frequency of scratch-ing and sneezing in the model group was significantly increased,and a large number of eosinophils and mast cells were found in the na-sal mucosa(P<0.05);compared with the model group,the nasal allergic symptoms and the level of nasal mucosal inflammatory reaction in the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe group were significantly improved(P<0.05);compared with the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe group,the scratch-ing and sneezing of mice in the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe+EX-527 group increased again,and the counts of eosinophils and mast cells in nasal mucosa increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the levels of serum IL-4 and IgE in the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe group decreased,while the level of serum IFN-γ increased(P<0.05);the serum IL-4 and IgE of mice in the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe+ex-527 group were significantly higher than those in the Yiqi Wenyang Recipe group(P<0.05).Western blot and immunofluo-rescence showed that Yiqi Wenyang Recipe could effectively inhibit the increase of p-JAK2,p-STAT6,p-Drp1(ser616)levels induced by ovalbumin sensitization,as well as the decrease of SIRT1 and PGC-1 α expression(P<0.01);however,the intervention of EX-527 significantly blunted the regulatory effect of Yiqi Wenyang Recipe on the above signaling molecules(P<0.05,P<0.01).The results of transmission electron microscopy and fluorescent probe showed that in the model group,a large number of spherical mitochondria were found in the mitochondria of nasal mucosa,and the level of ROS was significantly increased(P<0.01);;the intervention of Yiqi We-nyang recipe effectively restored the long tubular morphology of mitochondria and reduced ROS level(P<0.01);,while the intervention of EX-527 weakened the above improvement effect(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Yiqi Wenyang Recipe can regulate SIRT1 to activate PGC-1α,and then inhibit Drp1 mediated excessive mitochondrial fission to intervene AR;SIRT1 may be one of the important targets of Yiqi Wenyang Recipe in the intervention of AR.